RESUMEN
The aim of this study was to discover possible connections between general diseases and oral mucosal disorders, and between different oral symptoms by studying the prevalence of various such conditions in oral medicine patients. For this study 2640 consecutive patients (841 men, 1799 women) were interviewed concerning orofacial and systemic symptoms and diseases. The report includes all patients and the main diagnostic groups were: oral lichen planus/lichenoid (OLP), oral dysfunction (OD), recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), oral candidosis (CAN), hyposalivation (HSA), reactive lesions (REA), and leukoplakia (LEU). Results were compared to a reference group (REF) and the normal population (NOP) (when possible). Fifty-eight per cent of all patients experienced oral smarting and orofacial pain and 36% subjective dryness.Women were more often affected. The OD, OLP, RAS and HSA groups reported significantly more orofacial pain and headache than the REF group. Tobacco was used by 17%. LEU and CAN patients had the highest frequencies, 65% and 39%. In the total patient sample cardiovascular diseases were noted in 24%, gastrointestinal disorders in 48%, skin symptoms in 45%, diabetes in 6% and thyroid diseases in 10%. The HSA and OD patients had significantly more gastrointestinal and the HSA and CAN more endocrine disorders than the NOP and REF groups. Forty-seven per cent of the women were postmenopausal and 28% reported vaginal complaints. Vaginal symptoms were most common in HSA patients (45%), 58% of them also stating dry eyes. Prolonged general pain was frequent, especially in HSA, OD, and OLP patients where significant differences were noted to the references. Women were most often affected. Psychological problems were recorded for 53% and were correlated to oral smarting, orofacial and back pain. Orofacial and general pain, symptoms from other epithelial organs, and psychological problems as well as correlation between the different disorders were frequent in oral medicine patients.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de la Boca/diagnóstico , Adulto , Síndrome de Boca Ardiente/diagnóstico , Candidiasis Bucal/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/complicaciones , Enfermedades del Sistema Endocrino/complicaciones , Femenino , Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/complicaciones , Humanos , Leucoplasia Bucal/diagnóstico , Liquen Plano Oral/diagnóstico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades de la Boca/complicaciones , Enfermedades de la Boca/etiología , Dolor/complicaciones , Prohibitinas , Estomatitis Aftosa/diagnóstico , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Xerostomía/diagnósticoRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to translate the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) into Swedish and evaluate the reliability and validity of the Swedish version (OHIP-S). The OHIP is a 49-item, self-administered questionnaire divided into 7 different subscales. The original version in English was translated into Swedish, accompanied by back-translation into English, after which the Swedish version was revised. A total of 145 consecutive patients participated and answered a questionnaire. The patients comprised five clinically separate groups: temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) (n = 30), Primary Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) (n = 30), burning sensation and pain in the oral mucosa (oral mucosal pain, OMP) (n = 28), skeletal malocclusion (malocclusion) (n = 27), and healthy dental recall patients (controls) (n = 30). The TMD group and the control group participated in a test-retest procedure. The internal reliability of each subscale was calculated with Cronbach's alpha and found to be high and to range from 0.83-0.91. The stability (test-retest) of the instrument, calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient, ranged from 0.87 to 0.98. The construct validity of OHIP-S was compared with subscales of the Symptom Check List (SCL-90) (rho 0.65) and the Jaw Function Limitation Scale (FLS) (rho 0.76) and analyzed with Spearman's correlation coefficient. Convergent validity was evaluated by comparing OHIP with self-reported health using Spearman's correlation coefficient and was found to be acceptable (rho 0.61). In the evaluation of the discriminative ability of the instrument, significant differences were found in the total OHIP-S score between the controls and the other four groups (P < 0.001). We conclude that the reliability and validity of OHIP-S is excellent. The instrument can be recommended for assessing the impact of oral health on masticatory ability and psychosocial function.