RESUMEN
The aim of this report was to answer the question how specific immunotherapy influences the antioxidant enzyme system in patients with respiratory allergy and in longer perspective to find markers suitable to assess the efficacy of treatment. In open prospective randomised study 28 patients (18 females and 10 males, age 14-48 years) with seasonal respiratory allergy were treated with allergen immunotherapy. Subjects received subcutaneous therapy with allergens absorbed on calcium phoshate or aluminium hydroxide and were analyzed by the established protocol at the beginning, after three and 12 month of the treatment. In all treatment group red cell superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were in the normal range in allergic patients both before and during the treatment. Catalase activity in the allergic patients was lower as compared with controls and a significant increase of the enzyme activity occurred during and at the end of the treatment. In patients treated with calcium phosphate adsorbed allergen there was a continous increase of catalase activity from beginning up to the end of observation. In the case of the aluminium hydroxide treatment there was an increase from the baseline values up in the third month of the treatment and a decrease on the 12th month. In summary, the present results open the question that allergen immunotherapy may cause imbalance of oxidants and antioxidants. To support our findings larger controlled field studies are needed.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Desensibilización Inmunológica , Eritrocitos/enzimología , Rinitis Alérgica Estacional/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Rinitis Alérgica Estacional/enzimología , Rinitis Alérgica Estacional/inmunología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The aim of this report was to answer the question how specific immunotherapyinfluences the antioxidant enzyme system in patients with respiratory allergy and inlonger perspective to find markers suitable to assess the efficacy of treatment. In openprospective randomised study 28 patients (18 females and 10 males, age 14 48 years)with seasonal respiratory allergy were treated with allergen immunotherapy. Subjectsreceived subcutaneous therapy with allergens absorbed on calcium phoshate or aluminiumhydroxide and were analyzed by the established protocol at the beginning,after three and 12 month of the treatment. In all treatment group red cell superoxidedismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were in the normal range in allergicpatients both before and during the treatment. Catalase activity in the allergicpatients was lower as compared with controls and a significant increase of theenzyme activity occurred during and at the end of the treatment. In patients treatedwith calcium phosphate adsorbed allergen there was a continous increase of catalaseactivity from beginning up to the end of observation. In the case of the aluminiumhydroxide treatment there was an increase from the baseline values up in the thirdmonth of the treatment and a decrease on the 12th month. In summary, the presentresults open the question that allergen immunotherapy may cause imbalance of oxidantsand antioxidants. To support our findings larger controlled field studies areneeded (AU)
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Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adolescente , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Desensibilización Inmunológica/métodos , Desensibilización Inmunológica/tendencias , Eritrocitos/enzimología , Rinitis Alérgica Estacional/terapia , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Rinitis Alérgica Estacional/inmunología , Inmunoterapia , Biomarcadores/análisis , Biomarcadores/sangre , Biomarcadores/química , Rinitis Alérgica Estacional/enzimología , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Glutatión Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Catalasa/metabolismoRESUMEN
Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) have been widely used in clinical practice for more than 35 years. Their efficacy has been established in many clinical trials for the treatment of autoimmune rheumatic diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus, ANCA positive vasculitis and dermatomyositis, but these indications are classified as the "off label" treatment. For the diseases mentioned above there are no generally accepted therapeutic guidelines. The case reports (one patient with lupus erythematosus chorea, two patients with dermatomyositis and one with the Wegener's granulomatosis) present a treatment of systemic connective tissue diseases with IVIg following the failure of standard therapeutic regimens. A successful therapy has been realized using different doses of IVIg, which raises a question on an appropriate dose. Based on our experience, we conclude that intravenous immunoglobulins are effective in the treatment of many "off label" indications in rheumatology, particularly in cases when standard immunosuppressive therapy could be harmful. Despite the evidence of efficacy, the dosage and timing of IVIg therapy, and questions of costs/benefits ratio still remain insufficiently documented and multicentric controlled clinical trials with consecutive development of guidelines are necessary (Ref. 27).
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Autoinmunes/terapia , Enfermedades del Tejido Conjuntivo/terapia , Inmunoglobulinas Intravenosas/uso terapéutico , Factores Inmunológicos/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Preclinical data suggest that the anti-tumour activity of capecitabine is enhanced by taxanes and mitomycin C through up-regulation of thymidine phosphorylase (TP). Here, we studied safety and efficacy of the combination of capecitabine with docetaxel and mitomycin C. Two dose levels (DL) were investigated: capecitabine 1000 mg m(-2) b.i.d. on days 1-14, docetaxel 40 mg m(-2) i.v. day 1, mitomycin C 4 or 6 mg m(-2) i.v. day 1 (DL I or II). Cycles were repeated every 3 weeks. The primary aim was to determine the dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) during the first two treatment cycles and the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). A total of 46 patients (pts) refractory to standard therapies were enrolled, of whom the majority had gastrointestinal tumours (n=40). 14 pts had received >/=3 lines of prior chemotherapy. At DL I, one out of six pts experienced DLT. At DL II, two out of six pts had DLT (mucositis grade 3). Thus, DL I was determined as MTD. Among a total of 37 pts treated on DL I the following toxicities were observed during cycles 1 and 2 (number of patients with grade 1/2/3/4 toxicity; NCI-CTC v. 3.0): anaemia 10/8/3/0, leucocytopenia 4/11/1/2, thrombocytopenia 0/1/2/0, diarrhoea 8/1/2/0, stomatitis/mucositis 3/3/1/0, nausea/vomiting 10/2/0/0, and hand-foot skin reaction 5/1/1/0. Of 30 pts who received at least two treatment cycles nine achieved complete or partial remissions, six pts achieved minor remissions, and seven pts had stable disease (tumour control rate 73%). Of note, four out of 10 patients with pancreatic cancer had partial remissions. In conclusion, capecitabine can safely be combined with docetaxel (40 mg m(-2)) and mitomycin C (4 mg m(-2)). The established regimen was well tolerated and the preliminary efficacy data in this heavily pre-treated patients population appears to be promising.
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Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Anciano , Anemia/inducido químicamente , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administración & dosificación , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efectos adversos , Capecitabina , Desoxicitidina/administración & dosificación , Desoxicitidina/efectos adversos , Desoxicitidina/análogos & derivados , Diarrea/inducido químicamente , Docetaxel , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Esquema de Medicación , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos , Femenino , Fluorouracilo/administración & dosificación , Fluorouracilo/efectos adversos , Fluorouracilo/análogos & derivados , Humanos , Infusiones Intravenosas , Leucopenia/inducido químicamente , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mitomicina/administración & dosificación , Mitomicina/efectos adversos , Náusea/inducido químicamente , Neoplasias/patología , Enfermedades de la Piel/inducido químicamente , Taxoides/administración & dosificación , Taxoides/efectos adversos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Vómitos/inducido químicamenteRESUMEN
Tumours ferment glucose to lactate even in the presence of oxygen (aerobic glycolysis; Warburg effect). The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) allows glucose conversion to ribose for nucleic acid synthesis and glucose degradation to lactate. The nonoxidative part of the PPP is controlled by transketolase enzyme reactions. We have detected upregulation of a mutated transketolase transcript (TKTL1) in human malignancies, whereas transketolase (TKT) and transketolase-like-2 (TKTL2) transcripts were not upregulated. Strong TKTL1 protein expression was correlated to invasive colon and urothelial tumours and to poor patients outcome. TKTL1 encodes a transketolase with unusual enzymatic properties, which are likely to be caused by the internal deletion of conserved residues. We propose that TKTL1 upregulation in tumours leads to enhanced, oxygen-independent glucose usage and a lactate-based matrix degradation. As inhibition of transketolase enzyme reactions suppresses tumour growth and metastasis, TKTL1 could be the relevant target for novel anti-transketolase cancer therapies. We suggest an individualised cancer therapy based on the determination of metabolic changes in tumours that might enable the targeted inhibition of invasion and metastasis.
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Adenocarcinoma/genética , Adenocarcinoma/fisiopatología , Neoplasias del Colon/genética , Neoplasias del Colon/fisiopatología , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Glucólisis , Transcetolasa/biosíntesis , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/genética , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidad , Anciano , Neoplasias del Colon/mortalidad , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Invasividad Neoplásica , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Pronóstico , Análisis de Supervivencia , Regulación hacia Arriba , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/mortalidad , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Postoperative period after tonsillectomy is characterized by inevitable discomfort for the patient. The aim of the study was to estimate whether fusafungine in spray has an effect on healing process after the operation, especially on pain and consumption of analgesics. PATIENTS: A prospective open, randomized study was performed on 68 patients (age 15 - 55) undergoing tonsillectomy for chronic tonsillitis. Except of standard postoperative therapy 34 patients received fusafungine in spray 4 times daily and 34 patients served as a control. Pain score in the morning and in the evening, consumption of analgesics and visual estimation of wound healing in the tonsillar fossa was evaluated. RESULTS: Fusafungine in spray significantly reduces pain in the early days (2 - 4 day) after the operation and offers almost 16 % decrease in total consumption of analgesics (p < 0.04). Despite of that, total evaluation of pain score shows no significant differences in the both groups. The observation of wound healing suggests better cleanliness in 25 % of patients after fusafungine. CONCLUSION: Fusafungine in spray improves quality of life after the tonsillectomy and so completes the spectrum of adjuvant postoperative local treatment possibilities.
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Aerosoles/administración & dosificación , Antibacterianos/administración & dosificación , Dolor Postoperatorio/tratamiento farmacológico , Cuidados Posoperatorios , Tonsilectomía , Administración Tópica , Adolescente , Adulto , Aerosoles/efectos adversos , Analgésicos/administración & dosificación , Antibacterianos/efectos adversos , Depsipéptidos , Femenino , Fusarium , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dimensión del Dolor , Resultado del Tratamiento , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
The present paper deals with rather rare burn injuries of the tympanic membrane and middle ear. Literary resources of this topic are scarce. On 36 thermal injuries of the ear, the conservative treatment results have been evaluated from the anatomical and functional points of view. The discussion is aimed at the mechanisms of injury, pathogenesis and results of treatment of middle ear burns. Importance of prevention is emphasized.
Asunto(s)
Quemaduras/terapia , Oído Medio/lesiones , Membrana Timpánica/lesiones , Accidentes de Trabajo , Adulto , Quemaduras/complicaciones , Quemaduras/fisiopatología , Trastornos de la Audición/etiología , Humanos , Masculino , Metalurgia , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Cicatrización de HeridasRESUMEN
Burn injuries are very serious injuries. Their prognosis is markedly adversely affected by burns of the respiratory organs. The author describes the aetiology, clinical picture and therapeutic principles of these injuries. Fibroptic tracheobronchoscopy made not only documentation of findings on the respiratory organs possible, but due to its sparing character it makes also endobronchial treatment possible. Despite this the prognosis of these injuries is very poor, as apparent from an analysis of 36 patients hospitalized in 1981-1986 in the Centre for the Treatment of Burns in the Factory Institute for National Health in the East Slovakia Ironworks, which serves the entire Slovak territory; the patients were examined and treated in collaboration with the ENT department of the Factory Institute for National Health of the East Slovakian Ironworks.