RESUMEN
White matter changes are seen in a spectrum of disorders in children and adolescents. Understanding their distribution and appearance helps to reach diagnoses in daily radiologic practice. This pictorial essay will outline the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearances of diseases with white matter changes including demyelinating diseases, dysmyelinating disorders/leukodystrophies, infections, autoimmune diseases, vascular causes, mitochondrial disorders and neurocutaneous syndromes, along with a brief overview of clinical aspects of the diseases such as typical age of presentation, etiology, symptoms and signs and treatment options. This article highlights important features in common white matter diseases in children and adolescents.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Desmielinizantes , Leucoencefalopatías , Síndromes Neurocutáneos , Sustancia Blanca , Adolescente , Niño , Humanos , Enfermedades Desmielinizantes/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Desmielinizantes/patología , Leucoencefalopatías/diagnóstico por imagen , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Sustancia Blanca/diagnóstico por imagen , Sustancia Blanca/patologíaRESUMEN
Sacrococcygeal teratoma is one of the most common tumours in infants but rare in adults. We present a case of sacrococcygeal teratoma in a female adult. The clinical presentation, radiological and histological findings, management, and outcome are described.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Pélvicas/diagnóstico , Teratoma/diagnóstico , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Pélvicas/cirugía , Región Sacrococcígea , Teratoma/cirugíaRESUMEN
Life is full of twists and turns. These surprises can sometimes be wonderfully invigorating. Twists and turns can also occur in the body, however, sometimes with dangerous consequences. Torsion and volvulus are important causes of acute abdominal pain. The clinical symptoms and signs associated with torsion and volvulus are often non-specific and are difficult to diagnose clinically. Clinicians frequently rely on imaging methods to make the diagnosis. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is important to avoid the life-threatening complications of torsion and volvulus. Therefore, it is helpful to be familiar with the features of torsion and volvulus.
Asunto(s)
Vólvulo Intestinal/diagnóstico por imagen , Vólvulo Gástrico/diagnóstico por imagen , Anomalía Torsional/diagnóstico por imagen , Dolor Abdominal/diagnóstico , Dolor Abdominal/etiología , Enfermedades de las Trompas Uterinas/complicaciones , Enfermedades de las Trompas Uterinas/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades de las Trompas Uterinas/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Vólvulo Intestinal/complicaciones , Vólvulo Intestinal/patología , Masculino , Enfermedades del Ovario/complicaciones , Enfermedades del Ovario/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades del Ovario/patología , Radiografía , Torsión del Cordón Espermático/complicaciones , Torsión del Cordón Espermático/diagnóstico por imagen , Torsión del Cordón Espermático/patología , Vólvulo Gástrico/complicaciones , Vólvulo Gástrico/patología , Anomalía Torsional/complicaciones , Anomalía Torsional/patología , Enfermedades Uterinas/complicaciones , Enfermedades Uterinas/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades Uterinas/patologíaRESUMEN
Torsion of the nongravid uterus is a rare but potentially fatal acute abdominal condition. The non-specific clinical presentation of this condition makes preoperative diagnosis difficult. We describe a patient with uterine torsion in whom the diagnosis was made using contrast-enhanced computed tomography with multiplanar reconstruction. Features of uterine torsion and its complications can be demonstrated by computed tomography, which is an important means of making a preoperative diagnosis.