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Correction to: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27 (11): 5264-5279. DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202306_32646-PMID: 37318501-published online on June 13, 2023. After publication, the authors applied a correction in the Funding section. The section has been amended as follows: This study was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81671421). Moreover, the corresponding author's name was wrong. Therefore, in accordance with the email address, the correct corresponding author has been corrected from D.-H. LU to L.-Z. XU. There are amendments to this paper. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/32646.

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to systematically review and meta-analyze the available data on changes in the hormonal profile of postmenopausal women treated with hormone replacement therapy (HRT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Full-text articles published up to April 30, 2021, were searched through PUBMED, EMBASE, the Cochrane library and Web of Science (WOS) databases and were screened strictly according to inclusion criteria. Randomized clinical trials and case control studies were enrolled. Studies not reporting steroid serum levels or not providing a control group were excluded from the analysis. Studies enrolling women with genetic defects or severe chronic systemic diseases were excluded. Data are expressed as standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Random effect models were used for the meta-analysis. RESULTS: HRT administration increases estradiol (E2) and reduces follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) serum levels compared with pre-treatment. Their changes are evident when oral and transdermal HRT are administered, while vaginal HRT not. No significant effect on E2 and FSH was found between 6 and 12 months, as well as between 12 and 24 months. No significant effect on E2 and FSH was shown between different regimes. No difference was observed between different HRT regarding their effect on lipid profiles, breast pain and vaginal bleeding, but oral estrogen combined synthetic progestin caused a reduction in sex hormone-binding globulin (SHGB). CONCLUSIONS: The review suggested oral and transdermal HRT could lead to a rise in E2 serum levels and a decrease in FSH. The types and doses of HRT did not seem to modify the E2 and FSH level. Also, oral estrogen combined synthetic progestin could cause a reduction in SHGB. This might be crucial when choosing the best possible treatment for each patient individually taking into consideration if potential benefits outweigh the risks.

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Terapia de Reemplazo de Estrógeno , Posmenopausia , Femenino , Humanos , Terapia de Reemplazo de Estrógeno/efectos adversos , Hormonas Esteroides Gonadales , Terapia de Reemplazo de Hormonas , Estradiol , Estrógenos , Hormona Folículo Estimulante

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Effective models focused on pertinent low-energy degrees of freedom have substantially contributed to our qualitative understanding of quantum materials. An iconic example, the Kondo model, was key to demonstrating that the rich phase diagrams of correlated metals originate from the interplay of localized and itinerant electrons. Modern electronic structure calculations suggest that to achieve quantitative material-specific models, accurate consideration of the crystal field and spin-orbit interactions is imperative. This poses the question of how local high-energy degrees of freedom become incorporated into a collective electronic state. Here, we use resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) on CePd3 to clarify the fate of all relevant energy scales. We find that even spin-orbit excited states acquire pronounced momentum-dependence at low temperature-the telltale sign of hybridization with the underlying metallic state. Our results demonstrate how localized electronic degrees of freedom endow correlated metals with new properties, which is critical for a microscopic understanding of superconducting, electronic nematic, and topological states.

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OBJECTIVE: Though the incidence of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is relatively low, the disorder has a major impact on the quality of life of patients. Identifying biological markers for the disease will be useful, especially in resource-scarce areas. Our study aims to evaluate the correlation between the degree of hearing impairment and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with SSNHL. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred and thirty-eight patients with SSNHL and no history of diabetes were included in this study. The intravenous HbA1c content before treatment was correlated with the pure tone audiogram (PTA) average as per the criteria for SSNHL. Spearman correlation and the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve were used to determine the HbA1c levels of the study participants. The critical value of HbA1c and its diagnostic implications for assessing the degree of hearing impairment in patients with SSNHL were noted. RESULTS: There was a significant positive correlation between HbA1c and PTA in patients with SSNHL (p<0.05). In addition, the best HbA1c cutoff value for screening and referring an individual for a detailed audiometric evaluation of hearing impairment was 5.550%, as indicated by the ROC curve. CONCLUSIONS: The level of HbA1c in the circulation may affect the onset, duration, and progression of SSNHL. The same parameter may be used as a diagnostic and prognostic indicator for this condition.

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Pérdida Auditiva Sensorineural , Pérdida Auditiva Súbita , Glucocorticoides , Hemoglobina Glucada , Pérdida Auditiva Sensorineural/diagnóstico , Pérdida Auditiva Sensorineural/etiología , Pérdida Auditiva Súbita/diagnóstico , Humanos , Calidad de Vida , Estudios Retrospectivos

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OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression and biological functions of linc00337 in colorectal cancer (CRC), as well as its underlying mechanism. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The relative expression of linc00337 in 47 cases of CRC tissues and cells was detected via quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). The si-linc00337 interference sequences were designed and transiently transfected into CRC cells. The interference efficiency was detected via qRT-PCR. Regulatory effect of linc00337 on proliferation of CRC cells was detected via colony formation assay. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis rate after interference in linc00337 expression were determined using flow cytometry. Moreover, the effects of linc00337 knockdown on cell migration and invasion were detected using transwell assay. At last, the effect of si-linc00337 on the MEK/ERK signaling pathway was detected using Western blotting. RESULTS: The results of qRT-PCR showed that among the 47 cases of CRC tissues, the expression of linc00337 was up-regulated in 40 cases. Similarly, it was highly expressed in CRC cell lines. The results of colony formation assay manifested that cell proliferation declined after interference in linc00337 expression. The results of flow cytometry and transwell assay showed that interference in linc00337 expression arrested the cell cycle in G1/G0 phase, increased the apoptosis rate, and inhibited the invasion and migration of CRC cells. According to the results of Western blotting, expressions of molecular markers in the MEK/ERK pathway after interference in linc00337 expression were significantly changed. CONCLUSIONS: Linc00337 is up-regulated in CRC tissues and cells. Interference in linc00337 expression can inhibit cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and promote apoptosis through the MEK/ERK pathway.

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Ciclo Celular , Movimiento Celular , Neoplasias Colorrectales/metabolismo , Quinasas MAP Reguladas por Señal Extracelular/metabolismo , Quinasas de Proteína Quinasa Activadas por Mitógenos/metabolismo , ARN Largo no Codificante/metabolismo , Proliferación Celular , Células Cultivadas , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Humanos , Sistema de Señalización de MAP Quinasas , Invasividad Neoplásica , ARN Largo no Codificante/genética

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The pseudogap, d-wave superconductivity and electron-boson coupling are three intertwined key ingredients in the phase diagram of the cuprates. Sr_{2}IrO_{4} is a 5d-electron counterpart of the cuprates in which both the pseudogap and a d-wave instability have been observed. Here, we report spectroscopic evidence for the presence of the third key player in electron-doped Sr_{2}IrO_{4}: electron-boson coupling. A kink in nodal dispersion is observed with an energy scale of ∼50 meV. The strength of the kink changes with doping, but the energy scale remains the same. These results provide the first noncuprate platform for exploring the relationship between the pseudogap, d-wave instability, and electron-boson coupling in doped Mott insulators.

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Essentials ARHGEF10 single-nucleotide polymorphism provides risk of ischemic and atherothrombotic stroke. The role of ARHGEF10 in platelet function was examined using ARHGEF10 knockout mice. ARHGEF10 deficiency inhibits platelet function and arterial thrombus formation. ARHGEF10 knockout protects mice from stroke-induced infarction. SUMMARY: Background ARHGEF10, a member of the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) family, stimulates Rho GTPases. Rho GTPases have been reported to regulate a variety of cellular behaviors, such as cell polarity, cytoskeletal organization, and gene transcription. ARHGEF10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms are linked to the risk of ischemic stroke. However, the role of ARHGEF10 in platelet function remains unknown. Objective To examine the role of ARHGEF10 in platelet function. Methods ARHGEF10-/- were generated. We examined the in vitro and in vivo effects of ARHGEF10 knockout on platelet function and arterial thrombosis formation. Results ARHGEF10-/- mice had normal platelet counts, but showed altered aggregation in response to thrombin, collagen, ADP, protease-activated receptor-4 peptide, and U46619 stimulation. ARHGEF10 knockout influenced platelet spreading on fibrinogen-coated surfaces, and caused the platelets to show less lamellipodia-like extension than wild-type platelets. ARHGEF10 knockout also inhibited platelet clot retraction induced by thrombin stimulation. ARHGEF10 knockout resulted in prolonged tail bleeding time and inhibited the stable thrombus formation induced by FeCl3 in the carotid artery. Conclusions ARHGEF10 serves as an important regulator in platelet shape change, spreading, and aggregation. Moreover, ARHGEF10 also plays an important role in arterial thrombosis formation.

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Arteriopatías Oclusivas/prevención & control , Plaquetas/metabolismo , Enfermedades de las Arterias Carótidas/prevención & control , Hemostasis , Agregación Plaquetaria , Factores de Intercambio de Guanina Nucleótido Rho/deficiencia , Trombosis/prevención & control , Animales , Arteriopatías Oclusivas/sangre , Arteriopatías Oclusivas/genética , Enfermedades de las Arterias Carótidas/sangre , Enfermedades de las Arterias Carótidas/genética , Forma de la Célula , Cloruros , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Compuestos Férricos , Técnicas de Inactivación de Genes , Genotipo , Masculino , Ratones de la Cepa 129 , Ratones Noqueados , Cadenas Ligeras de Miosina/metabolismo , Fenotipo , Fosforilación , Complejo GPIIb-IIIa de Glicoproteína Plaquetaria/metabolismo , Factores de Intercambio de Guanina Nucleótido Rho/sangre , Factores de Intercambio de Guanina Nucleótido Rho/genética , Selenoproteína P/sangre , Trombosis/sangre , Trombosis/genética , Factores de Tiempo

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To elucidate the mechanisms behind the enhanced T_{c} in monolayer (1 ML) FeSe on SrTiO_{3} (STO), we grew highly strained 1 ML FeSe on the rectangular (100) face of rutile TiO_{2}, and observed the coexistence of replica bands and superconductivity with a T_{c} of 63 K. From the similar T_{c} between this system and 1ML FeSe on STO (001), we conclude that strain and dielectric constant are likely unimportant to the enhanced T_{c} in these systems. A systematic comparison of 1 ML FeSe on TiO_{2} with other systems in the FeSe family shows that while charge transfer alone can enhance T_{c}, it is only with the addition of interfacial electron-phonon coupling that T_{c} can be increased to the level seen in 1 ML FeSe on STO.

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The experimental realization of the quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect in magnetically-doped (Bi, Sb)2Te3 films stands out as a landmark of modern condensed matter physics. However, ultra-low temperatures down to few tens of mK are needed to reach the quantization of Hall resistance, which is two orders of magnitude lower than the ferromagnetic phase transition temperature of the films. Here, we systematically study the band structure of V-doped (Bi, Sb)2Te3 thin films by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and show unambiguously that the bulk valence band (BVB) maximum lies higher in energy than the surface state Dirac point. Our results demonstrate clear evidence that localization of BVB carriers plays an active role and can account for the temperature discrepancy.

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We report findings of strong anomalies in both mutual inductance and inelastic Raman spectroscopy measurements of single-unit-cell FeSe film grown on Nb-doped SrTiO3, which occur near the temperature where the superconductinglike energy gap opens. Analysis suggests that the anomaly is associated with a broadened ferroelectric transition in a thin layer near the FeSe/SrTiO3 interface. The coincidence of the ferroelectric transition and gap-opening temperatures adds credence to the central role played by the film-substrate interaction on the strong Cooper pairing in this system. We discuss scenarios that could explain such a coincidence.

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Immature neurons expressing doublecortin (DCX+) are present around cortical layer II in various mammals including guinea pigs and humans, especially enriched in the paleocortex. However, little is known whether and how functional experience affects the development of this population of neurons. We attempted to explore a modulation by experience to layer II DCX+ cells in the primary olfactory cortex in postnatal and adult guinea pigs. Neonatal and 1-year-old guinea pigs were subjected to unilateral naris-occlusion, followed 1 and 2months later by morphometry of DCX+ cells in the piriform cortex. DCX+ somata and processes were reduced in the deprived relative to the non-deprived piriform cortex in both age groups at the two surviving time points. The number of DCX+ cells was decreased in the deprived side relative to internal control at 1 and 2months in the youths and at 2months in the adults post-occlusion. The mean somal area of DCX+ cells showed a trend of decrease in the deprived side relative to the internal control in the youths. In addition, DCX+ cells in the deprived side exhibited a lower frequency of colocalization with the neuron-specific nuclear antigen (NeuN) relative to counterparts. These results suggest that normal olfactory experience is required for the maintenance and development of DCX+ immature neurons in postnatal and adult guinea pig piriform cortex.

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Corteza Cerebral/citología , Corteza Cerebral/crecimiento & desarrollo , Regulación del Desarrollo de la Expresión Génica/fisiología , Células-Madre Neurales/fisiología , Neurogénesis/fisiología , Neuronas/fisiología , Análisis de Varianza , Animales , Animales Recién Nacidos , Ácido Aspártico Endopeptidasas/metabolismo , Bromodesoxiuridina/metabolismo , Complejo IV de Transporte de Electrones/metabolismo , Cobayas , Antígeno Ki-67/metabolismo , Proteínas Asociadas a Microtúbulos/metabolismo , Vías Olfatorias/fisiología , Fosfopiruvato Hidratasa/metabolismo , Privación Sensorial

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Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Diferenciación Celular , Epéndimo/patología , Ganglioglioma/patología , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirugía , Epéndimo/diagnóstico por imagen , Ganglioglioma/diagnóstico por imagen , Ganglioglioma/cirugía , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto Joven

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Neurología/historia , Patología Clínica/historia , China , Historia del Siglo XX , Historia del Siglo XXI , Humanos , Neurología/educación , Patología Clínica/educación

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Collision tumors are composed of two histologically distinct neoplasms which present at one location. Collision of a malignant tumor originating outside the central nervous system with a primary intracranial neoplasm is a rare event. Here we report on a CPA schwannoma containing a metastasis of adenocarcinoma in a 57-years old woman. Searching for the primary tumor resulted in the detection of a carcinoma in the superior lobe of the left lung.

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Adenocarcinoma/secundario , Neoplasias Cerebelosas/patología , Ángulo Pontocerebeloso , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Neurilemoma/patología , Adenocarcinoma/terapia , Neoplasias Cerebelosas/terapia , Resultado Fatal , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapia , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neurilemoma/terapia

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Conservation laryngeal surgery is an increasingly available alternative for the treatment of laryngeal cancer. Understanding anatomy of laryngeal lymph drainage is essential for clinicians to diagnose, grade and surgically manage the laryngeal cancer. Although the lymphatic drainage of the larynx has been extensively studied, few studies revealed the relationship of the lymphatic drainage between various parts of the larynx. The distribution of lymphatic vessels in the inferior surface of the vocal cord also remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the communication of the lymphatic networks between the vocal cord, the supraglottic and subglottic parts of the larynx, paying special attention to the lymphatic drainage of the inferior surface of the vocal cord. Eighteen larynx specimens from 18 fresh fetal cadavers were manually injected with prassion blue solution into the mucosal or submucosal layer of the larynx in order to reveal the lymphatic vessels in the inner larynx. We found that a rich lymphatic network is present in the inferior surface of the vocal cord, and the lymphatic networks in the superior and inferior surfaces of the vocal cord appear as two different patterns. These findings provide an anatomical basis for the design of a partial or conservation laryngeal surgery, particularly when considering the precise resection margin.

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Sistema Linfático/anatomía & histología , Pliegues Vocales/anatomía & histología , Cadáver , Femenino , Feto/anatomía & histología , Humanos , Laringe/embriología , Sistema Linfático/embriología , Masculino , Pliegues Vocales/embriología

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The electronic structure of Sr2RuO4 is investigated by high angular resolution ARPES at several incident photon energies. We address the controversial issues of the Fermi surface (FS) topology and the van Hove singularity at the M point, showing that a surface state and the replica of the primary FS due to sqrt[2]xsqrt[2] surface reconstruction are responsible for previous conflicting interpretations. The FS thus determined by ARPES is consistent with the de Haas-van Alphen results, and it provides additional information on the detailed shape of the alpha, beta, and gamma sheets.

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We report that the doping and temperature dependence of photoemission spectra near the Brillouin zone boundary of Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(8+delta)exhibit unexpected sensitivity to the superfluid density. In the superconducting state, the photoemission peak intensity as a function of doping scales with the superfluid density and the condensation energy. As a function of temperature, the peak intensity shows an abrupt behavior near the superconducting phase transition temperature where phase coherence sets in, rather than near the temperature where the gap opens. This anomalous manifestation of collective effects in single-particle spectroscopy raises important questions concerning the mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity.