RESUMEN
Professionally significant functions (visual acuity, color vision and its parameters, and dark adaptation and its parameters) were determined in moderate and severe myopia before and after its excimer laser correction by the LASIK method: in early (1, 3 months) and late (6, 12 months) periods after surgery to decide where the operated persons are allowed to have the jobs associated with railway traffic safety. Sixty-one patients with moderate and severe myopia and 23 control individuals were examined at the Moscow Research and Technological Complex "Eye Surgery". The examinations have demonstrated that the values of visual acuity, color vision, and dark adaptation considerably improved. Whether the persons undergone excimer laser myopia correction are allowed to have the jobs associated with railway transport safety should be individually decided, by taking into account the postoperative recovery of professionally significant visual functions.
Asunto(s)
Percepción de Color/fisiología , Adaptación a la Oscuridad/fisiología , Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Queratomileusis por Láser In Situ , Miopía/rehabilitación , Salud Laboral , Agudeza Visual/fisiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Miopía/fisiopatología , Miopía/cirugía , PronósticoRESUMEN
While working with displays, a combination of white and yellow objects against the black, dark grey, and blue backgrounds was found to be the best in visibility. When the objects were observed against the pale grey and green backgrounds of a display, eye functional changes were minimal, which causes the authors to recommend them as the optimum backgrounds. To reduce visual fatigability when a person works on a computer requires to alternate backgrounds by using white and yellow objects against the black and blue backgrounds for short-term emergency transmissions and green and pale grey backgrounds for presenting continuous current information.
Asunto(s)
Astenopía/prevención & control , Color , Terminales de Computador , Salud Laboral , Ocupaciones , Vías Férreas , Humanos , Visión Ocular/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Solar flashes of 1500 to 9000 kd/m2 have been ascertained to have an adverse impact on the functional status of a visual analyzer. Comparing Russian and foreign sun-proof filters has indicated that a HC-9 neutral light-proof filter and a NIIOOIK film have the optimum light-protective properties, which may be recommended for use in the sun-proof glasses for locomotive workers.
Asunto(s)
Anteojos , Salud Laboral , Vías Férreas , Luz Solar/efectos adversos , Humanos , Analizadores Neurales/fisiología , Óptica y Fotónica , Visión Ocular/fisiologíaRESUMEN
The values 100 to 200 lux are the most favourable levels of illumination for differentiation of red and green luminous objects. The 500-1000-lux illumination causes a considerable reduction in the visual range of red and green objects. Comparative assessment of the colour of materials used for a control desk has indicated that the colours in the mid-wave range are the best in differentiating red and green objects.
Asunto(s)
Diseño Interior y Mobiliario/normas , Iluminación/normas , Vías Férreas/normas , Color/normas , Humanos , Diseño Interior y Mobiliario/estadística & datos numéricos , Iluminación/estadística & datos numéricos , Vías Férreas/instrumentación , Vías Férreas/estadística & datos numéricos , Federación de RusiaAsunto(s)
Iluminación/normas , Medicina del Trabajo/normas , Vías Férreas/normas , Adolescente , Adulto , Humanos , Agudeza VisualAsunto(s)
Percepción de Color/fisiología , Ropa de Protección , Adolescente , Adulto , Color , Humanos , SeguridadAsunto(s)
Color , Ropa de Protección , Textiles , Adolescente , Adulto , Humanos , Seguridad , Pruebas de VisiónRESUMEN
In subjects with normal three-chromatic vision, during long-term uninterrupted adaptation (6--8 min) to spectral stimuli of different spectral areas (lambda=650+585 nm; lambda=535+585 nm), it was found that the state of color sensitivity undergoes changes in the form of alternating active (correct) and passive (wrong) phases of color discrimination. First, the phase of active color discrimination prevails, then both phases become sort of balanced, and in the end of the adaptation the phase of passive color discrimination increases considerably. The time of duration of these phases depends on the wave--length of the adapting stimulus.