RESUMEN
AIM: Aim of the study was to evaluate the biaxial flexural strength of ceramics processed using the Cerec inLab system. The hypothesis was that the flexural strength would be influenced by the type of ceramic. METHODS: Ten samples (ISO 6872) of each ceramic (N.=50/n.=10) were made using Cerec inLab (software Cerec 3D) (Ø:15 mm, thickness: 1.2 mm). Three silica-based ceramics (Vita Mark II [VM], ProCad [PC] and e-max CAD ECAD]) and two yttria-stabilized tetragonal-zirconia-polycrystalline ceramics (Y-TZP) (e-max ZirCad [ZrCAD] and Vita In-Ceram 2000 YZ Cubes [VYZ]) were tested. The samples were finished with wet silicone carbide papers up to 1 200-grit and polished in a polishing machine with diamond paste (3 µm). The samples were then submitted to biaxial flexural strength testing in a universal testing machine (EMIC), 1 mm/min. The data (MPa) were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn (5%) tests. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) was performed on a representative sample from each group. RESULTS: The values (median, mean±sd) obtained for the experimental groups were: VM (101.7, 102.1±13.65 MPa), PC (165.2, 160±34.7 MPa), ECAD (437.2, 416.1±50.1 MPa), ZrCAD (804.2, 800.8±64.47 MPa) and VYZ (792.7, 807±100.7 MPa). The type of ceramic influenced the flexural strength values (P=0.0001). The ceramics ECADa, e-max ZrCADa and VYZa presented similar flexural strength values which were significantly higher than the other groups (PCb and VM IIb), which were similar statistically between them (Dunn's test). The hypothesis was accepted. CONCLUSION: The polycrystalline ceramics (Y-TZP) should be material chosen for make FPDs because of their higher flexural strength values.
Asunto(s)
Cerámica , Análisis del Estrés Dental , Ensayo de Materiales , Propiedades de SuperficieRESUMEN
El artículo hace referencia a casos clínicos de efectos adversos graves en la administración intramuscular de Penicilina Benzatínica, aún bajo observancia de buena técnica de administración. Se destacan además aspectos relevantes del procedimiento de administración de medicamentos por esta vía (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto , Penicilina G Benzatina/efectos adversos , Inyecciones Intramusculares/efectos adversos , Inyecciones Intramusculares/normas , Inyecciones Intraarteriales/efectos adversosRESUMEN
El artículo hace referencia a casos clínicos de efectos adversos graves en la administración intramuscular de Penicilina Benzatínica, aún bajo observancia de buena técnica de administración. Se destacan además aspectos relevantes del procedimiento de administración de medicamentos por esta vía
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto , Penicilina G Benzatina/efectos adversos , Inyecciones Intramusculares/efectos adversos , Inyecciones Intraarteriales/efectos adversos , Inyecciones Intramusculares/normasRESUMEN
The present study was carried out within the framework of the State Program for the Fluoridation of Table Salt in the State of Mexico. An estimate of the daily consumption of salt was carried out by home interviews in four communities within the state. Such communities covered a wide range of urban-rural population and socio-economic status, as well as several concentrations of fluoride in drinking water and sources of distribution of salt. Results showed that the daily consumption of salt for children 1-3 years old had a mean of 1.9 g/day, while children 4-6 years old consumed a mean of 3.4 g/day. Adult males (23-50 years old) consumed a mean of 6.9 g/day and adult females (23-50 years old) consumed 5.4 g/day. Although these estimates may overestimate the real intake of table salt, based on these data the additional intake of fluoride would be of 0.5, 0.8, 1.7 y 1.3 ppm/day for each of these groups.