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Objetivos Existe una relación entre la práctica habitual de un instrumento y la aparición de trastornos musculoesqueléticos. El síntoma más destacado de estos trastornos es el dolor, de manera que puede establecerse la existencia de dolor ligado a la interpretación musical como un problema ocupacional específico. La Comunidad Valenciana es una región con una tradición musical reconocida, en la que no se conoce suficientemente el impacto que tiene sobre la salud el desempeño musical. El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido definir la frecuencia del dolor de origen musculoesquelético en los estudiantes de música de nuestro medio y estudiar su localización regional en función del tipo de instrumento. Materiales y método Se han incluido en el estudio aquellos estudiantes de música que están cursando Grado Medio o Superior en conservatorios de la Comunidad Valenciana. Las variables se han recogido por medio de un cuestionario de salud que han cumplimentado los estudiantes. Para determinar la intensidad del dolor se han calculado las medias de la EVA y de las puntuaciones de dolor de los cuestionarios SRS-22 y CAVIDRA, validados para la población española. Se ha realizado un estudio de localización segmentaria del dolor en los diferentes grupos de instrumento. Resultados En el presente estudio se recogieron 268 encuestas, de las cuales 222 cumplían criterios de inclusión. El 68% de los encuestados declaraba haber desarrollado en algún momento molestias o dolor ligado a la interpretación musical. El sistema más frecuentemente afectado fue el musculoesquelético. Los síntomas relacionados con tocar más frecuentemente referidos fueron dolor, tensión muscular, contractura y fatiga. Conclusiones El 68% de los músicos presentan algún tipo de dolor ligado a la interpretación musical en algún momento de su carrera. El estudio de la topografía del dolor relacionada con el instrumento ofrece datos interesantes para definir estrategias de prevención (AU)

Objectives There is a relationship between routinely playing an instrument and musculoskeletal disorders. The most important of these disorders is pain. Therefore, playing-related musculoskeletal disorders can be established as a specific occupational problem. The Valencian Community is a region with a well-known musical tradition, in which the health impact of playing an instrument has not been sufficiently identified. The aim of this study was to define the frequency of musculoskeletal pain in music students in our environment and to identify its localization according to the instrument played. Materials and method This study included music students in the intermediate or advanced levels of the conservatoires of the Valencian Community. The variables were gathered through a health questionnaire completed by the students. To determine pain intensity, we calculated the mean VAS scores and the pain scores of the SRS-22 and CAVIDRA questionnaires, which have been validated for the Spanish population. Segmental pain localization was studied in the different groups of instruments. Results A total of 268 questionnaires were gathered, of which 222 met the inclusion criteria. Playing-related pain or discomfort was reported by 68% of respondents. The most frequently affected system was the musculoskeletal system. The most frequently-reported playing-related symptoms were pain, muscular tension, spasm and fatigue. Conclusions A total of 68% of the musicians in this study reported some type of playing-related pain at some time during their studies. Study of the topography of instrument-related pain provides useful data for the design of prevention strategies (AU)

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OBJECTIVES: There is a relationship between routinely playing an instrument and musculoskeletal disorders. The most important of these disorders is pain. Therefore, playing-related musculoskeletal disorders can be established as a specific occupational problem. The Valencian Community is a region with a well-known musical tradition, in which the health impact of playing an instrument has not been sufficiently identified. The aim of this study was to define the frequency of musculoskeletal pain in music students in our environment and to identify its localization according to the instrument played. MATERIALS AND METHOD: This study included music students in the intermediate or advanced levels of the conservatoires of the Valencian Community. The variables were gathered through a health questionnaire completed by the students. To determine pain intensity, we calculated the mean VAS scores and the pain scores of the SRS-22 and CAVIDRA questionnaires, which have been validated for the Spanish population. Segmental pain localization was studied in the different groups of instruments. RESULTS: A total of 268 questionnaires were gathered, of which 222 met the inclusion criteria. Playing-related pain or discomfort was reported by 68% of respondents. The most frequently affected system was the musculoskeletal system. The most frequently-reported playing-related symptoms were pain, muscular tension, spasm and fatigue. CONCLUSIONS: A total of 68% of the musicians in this study reported some type of playing-related pain at some time during their studies. Study of the topography of instrument-related pain provides useful data for the design of prevention strategies.

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Objetivo. Revisar las medidas de salud autopercibidaen la escoliosis.Estrategia de búsqueda. Base de datos PubMed y buscadorGoogle.Selección de estudios. Se han seleccionado aquellos quepresentan datos de fiabilidad, escalamiento y validación delos instrumentos de medida.Síntesis de resultados. Se describe el concepto de calidadde vida relacionada con la salud y su introducción progresivaen el estudio de la escoliosis. Se revisan los cuestionariosdisponibles genéricos, específicos y superespecíficos. Se estudiala relación de la calidad de vida con el hecho de serescoliótico, con el ángulo de Cobb, con los patrones decurva, con el uso de corsés y con la cirugía(AU)

Objective. Review the measurements ofself-perceived health in scoliosis.Search strategy. PubMed database and Google search engine.Selection of studies. Those that had reliability data, scalingand validation of the measurement instruments were selected.Synthesis of results. The concept of quality of life relatedwith health and its progressive introduction into the studyof scoliosis is described. The generic, specific and super-specificquestionnaires available are reviewed. A study is madeof the relationship of quality of life with having scoliosis with the Cobb angle, with the curve patterns, with the useor corsets and with surgery(AU)

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Introducción. En la literatura científica encontramos varias asociaciones entre distintas lesiones cutáneas y anomalías musculoesqueléticas. El objetivo de este trabajo es establecer si existe una relación más allá de lo meramente casual entre la escoliosis idiopática y distintas alteraciones cutáneas pigmentadas de origen congénito. Material y métodos. Estudio preliminar donde se valoraron 14 pacientes con lesiones cutáneas congénitas, de origen melanocítico (nevus melanocítico congénito, nevus spilus) y no melanocítico (nevus epidérmico, nevus sebáceo de Jadassohn y nevus de Becker). Se les realizó una exploración física tanto desde el punto de vista dermatológico como musculoesquelético, además de una radiografía de raquis. Se utilizó el método de Cobb para la medición de las curvas. Resultados. Se encontraron 5 pacientes con criterios clínicos y radiológicos de escoliosis idiopática, que representan una frecuencia de escoliosis asociada a lesiones cutáneas pigmentadas congénitas del 35,7 %. Se trataba de curvas de escasa magnitud, con un valor medio del ángulo de Cobb de 12°. Se asociaron a las siguientes enfermedades cutáneas: nevus melanocítico congénito (2 casos), nevus spilus (1), nevus epidérmico (1) y nevus de Becker (1). Discusión. Tras este estudio piloto en el que se confirma una asociación superior a la esperada (la frecuencia de escoliosis en la población general es del 2 %), se abre una vía de investigación clínica para vincular las características clínicas y topográficas de ambas enfermedades

Introduction. Some links between cutaneous disorders and musculoskeletal diseases have been described in medical journals. This study aimed to discover if there is a relationship between idiopathic scoliosis and a group of pigmented, cutaneous, congenital abnormalities. Material and methods. Preliminary study that evaluated 14 patients with cutaneous congenital abnormalities, melanocytic (congenital melanocytic nevus, nevus spilus) and no-melanocytic (epidermal nevi, Jadassohn nevi and Melanosis naeviformis of Becker). Dermatological and musculoskeletal physical examinations and spine X-ray were performed. Cobb method was used to measure curves. Results. We found 5 patients with clinical and radiological criteria of idiopathic scoliosis. The association between scoliosis and pigmented cutaneous abnormalities reach 35.7 %. The curve scoliosis size was mild and mean Cobb angle was 12°. It was associated specifically with melanocytic nevi (2 patients), nevus spilus (1), epidermal nevus (1) and Melanosis naeviformis of Becker (1). Discussion. This pilot study describes the association frequency and size, between two pathological conditions, in a preliminary report. We have shown a higher association than expected (scoliosis prevalence in general population is 2 %). This finding suggests a new research line to link clinical and topographic trends of both disorders

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The present investigation was aimed at elucidating if mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid receptors are involved in the effects of DAMGO (selective mu-agonist), DPDPE (selective delta-agonist) and U-50,488H (selective kappa-agonist) in isolated electrically driven human right atria strips. The negative inotropic effects induced by the opioid agonists used in this study were not antagonized in presence of naloxone (preferentially mu-antagonist), naltrindole (selective delta-antagonist) and norbinaltorphimine (selective kappa-antagonist). These data suggest that the opioid receptors are not involved in the cardiac depressant effects induced by mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid agonists.

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The present study describes the effects of pimobendan on isolated human right atrial strips and on isolated left atria of the rat. Pimobendan induces a positive inotropic effect both in human and rat preparations. The maximal increase (28 +/- 2.0%) obtained with pimobendan in the strips from human right atria was similar to that obtained in left atria of the rat (31 +/- 1.8%). These observations may have some clinical relevance as pimobendan might prove to be an alternative to catecholamines for inotropic support in patients who undergo general anaesthesia.

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