RESUMEN
In a mixed traffic environment, the connected vehicle platoon cannot communicate and collaborate with the surrounding vehicles. In this case, there is a high risk of collision in large vehicle platoon's lane change scenario where the non-connected surrounding vehicle occupies the target lane-changing space of the platoon. This study proposes a collision-avoidance lane change control method for a connected bus platoon to elude the non-connected vehicle in the target lane for completing lane change in the mixed traffic environment safely. A platoon vehicle sensor system with low-cost and low data processing complexity is designed, which equips with multiple sensors in longitudinal and lateral directions. Under control of the proposed platoon controller on the basis of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, the platoon following vehicles are fully autonomous in both longitudinal and lateral directions. The safe lane change decision-maker is designed based on the Finite State Machine (FSM). The decision-maker fuses multiple sensor data and determines the lane change operation of the following vehicles. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, a three-vehicle platoon is carried out the lane change experiments in a high-fidelity mixed traffic scenario built by the PreScan-Simulink joint simulation platform. Exposure-to-Risk Index (ERI) of the platoon vehicles is adopted to evaluate the collision risk of the platoon during lane changing process. Three typical case scenarios are tested, including unimpeded lane change, passive waiting lane change, and active accelerating lane change. The simulation results show that all platoon vehicles have an excellent success rate in lane change without collision with the non-connected surrounding vehicle in these scenarios. The proposed method exhibits compelling benefits on improving the safety of platoon vehicles in the mixed traffic environment.
Asunto(s)
Accidentes de Tránsito , Conducción de Automóvil , Humanos , Accidentes de Tránsito/prevención & control , Algoritmos , Simulación por Computador , ComunicaciónRESUMEN
Occupant safety remains one of the most challenging and significant design considerations in the automotive and transportation industry. Nevertheless, independently developed active or passive safety systems may lead to unsatisfactory protective performance under the critical driving scenarios. This study aimed to conduct multiobjective optimization of the cooperative controls between autonomous emergency steering (AES) and occupant restraint system (ORS) to explore the potential occupant injury reduction capability as well as mechanisms subjected to a frontal collision. First, a multiple simulation approach comprising PreScan/Simulink, LS-DYNA, Madymo was used to correlate the control parameters of the safety systems and occupant injuries quantitatively. Then the control parameters of AES and ORS were selected as the design variables after sensitivity analysis, and injury responses of the sampling points were extracted by the multiple simulation approach. Surrogate models and multiobjective optimization algorithm were used to determine the optimum design in cooperative controls of AES and ORS maneuvers, from which in-depth effect mechanisms that contributed to the improvement of occupant protection were identified. Compared to the baseline design, the optimum control parameters of AES-ORS integration substantially decreased the occupant injuries of the head, chest and neck, and consequently led to a reduction of 33.02% in the overall injury risk. This study is anticipated to demonstrate a new design approach for the control system, thereby enhancing occupant safety.