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BACKGROUND: Vascular access-site complications are the most frequent complications of percutaneous catheter ablation (CA) of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). Whether arterial/venous vascular closure devices (VCDs) prevent vascular complications is unknown. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the benefit of VCDs in patients undergoing CA of VAs. METHODS: Consecutive CA of VAs were included (2018-2022). Vascular accesses were obtained with ultrasound guidance. At the discretion of the operator, arterial and/or venous VCDs were used. Cases were divided into 3 groups: no use of VCDs for any of the arterial/venous accesses (manual compression - MC), use of VCDs for some but not the all of the accesses (Partial-VCDs), use of VCDs for all of the accesses (Complete-VCDs). Vascular complications were defined minor if they didn't require intervention or major if they required intervention. RESULTS: A total of 1,016 procedures were performed in 872 patients (62±13 years, BMI 30±6 kg/m2, 27% female) during the study period. Femoral arterial access was obtained in 887 procedures (875 single access - 7.4±1.5 Fr size, 12 two accesses - 7.3±3 Fr and 6.9±1.8 Fr). Femoral venous access was obtained in 1,014 procedures (unilateral in 17%, bilateral in 83%, mean N. 2.6±0.7, 8.4±1.3 Fr). Hemostasis was achieved with MC in 192 (19%) procedures, Partial-VCD in 275 (27%), and Complete-VCD in 549 (54%). A vascular complication occurred in 52 (5.1%) procedures, including a minor hematoma in 3.9% and/or a major complication in 1.7%. The rate of vascular complications was 6.8% (5.2% minor and 1.6% major) in the MC group, 7.6% (5.1% minor and 3.3% major) in the Partial-VCD group, and 3.3% (2.9% minor and 0.9% major, P=0.014 for comparison) in the Complete-VCD group. At multivariable analysis, Complete-VCD remained independently associated with lower risk of vascular complications (odds ratio 0.69, 95% confidence interval 0.48 to 0.96, P=0.036). CONCLUSIONS: In patients undergoing CA of VAs, Complete-VCD is associated with lower rates of vascular-related complications compared to MC or Partial-VCD.
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AIMS: Right phrenic nerve (RPN) injury is a disabling but uncommon complication of atrial fibrillation (AF) radiofrequency ablation. Pace-mapping is widely used to infer RPN's course, for limiting the risk of palsy by avoiding ablation at capture sites. However, information is lacking regarding the distance between the endocardial sites of capture and the actual anatomic RPN location. We aimed at determining the distance between endocardial sites of capture and anatomic CT location of the RPN, depending on the capture threshold. METHODS AND RESULTS: In consecutive patients undergoing AF radiofrequency ablation, we defined the course of the RPN on the electroanatomical map with high-output pacing at up to 50â mA/2â ms, and assessed RPN capture threshold (RPN-t). The true anatomic course of the RPN was delineated and segmented using CT scan, then merged with the electroanatomical map. The distance between pacing sites and the RPN was assessed. In 45 patients, 1033 pacing sites were analysed. Distances from pacing sites to RPN ranged from 7.5 ± 3.0â mm (min 1) when RPN-t was ≤10â mA to 19.2 ± 6.5â mm (min 9.4) in cases of non-capture at 50â mA. A distance to the phrenic nerve > 10â mm was predicted by RPN-t with a ROC curve area of 0.846 [0.821-0.870] (P < 0.001), with Se = 80.8% and Sp = 77.5% if RPN-t > 20â mA, Se = 68.0% and Sp = 91.6% if RPN-t > 30â mA, and Se = 42.4% and Sp = 97.6% if non-capture at 50â mA. CONCLUSION: These data emphasize the utility of high-output pace-mapping of the RPN. Non-capture at 50â mA/2â ms demonstrated very high specificity for predicting a distance to the RPN > 10â mm, ensuring safe radiofrequency delivery.
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Fibrilación Atrial , Ablación por Catéter , Imagenología Tridimensional , Traumatismos de los Nervios Periféricos , Nervio Frénico , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Humanos , Nervio Frénico/lesiones , Nervio Frénico/diagnóstico por imagen , Fibrilación Atrial/cirugía , Fibrilación Atrial/diagnóstico por imagen , Fibrilación Atrial/fisiopatología , Femenino , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Ablación por Catéter/métodos , Traumatismos de los Nervios Periféricos/etiología , Traumatismos de los Nervios Periféricos/prevención & control , Resultado del Tratamiento , Técnicas Electrofisiológicas Cardíacas , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Estimulación Cardíaca Artificial/métodos , Interpretación de Imagen Radiográfica Asistida por Computador , Potenciales de Acción , Curva ROCRESUMEN
AIMS: The recurrence rates after catheter ablation (CA) and direct current (DC) cardioversion remain high, although they have been established treatments of rhythm control of atrial fibrillation (AF). This umbrella review systematically appraises published meta-analyses of both observational and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for the association of risk and protective factors for arrhythmia recurrence after CA and DC cardioversion of AF. METHODS AND RESULTS: Three bibliographic databases were searched up to June 2021. Evidence of association was rated as convincing, highly suggestive, suggestive, weak, or not significant with respect to observational studies and as high, moderate, low, or very low with respect to RCTs, according to established criteria. Thirty-one meta-analyses were included. Of the 28 associations between CA and the risk of arrhythmia recurrence, none presented convincing evidence, and only the time from diagnosis to ablation over 1 year provided highly suggestive evidence. The association between hypertension and metabolic profile provided suggestive evidence. The associations of Class IC and III antiarrhythmic drugs use with the recurrence after DC cardioversion were supported by an intermediate level of evidence. CONCLUSION: Although AF is a major health issue, few risk- and protective factors for AF recurrence have been identified. None of these factors examined were supported by convincing evidence, whereas established factors such as female gender and left atrial volume showed only weak association. An early CA strategy combined with treatment of metabolic syndrome and hypertension prior to CA may reduce the risk of arrhythmia recurrence. The use of antiarrhythmics can increase the success rate of DC cardioversion. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registry number: CRD42021270613.
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Fibrilación Atrial , Ablación por Catéter , Femenino , Humanos , Fibrilación Atrial/cirugía , Fibrilación Atrial/diagnóstico , Cardioversión Eléctrica/efectos adversos , Recurrencia , Antiarrítmicos/uso terapéutico , Ablación por Catéter/efectos adversos , Ablación por Catéter/métodos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: There is no consensus on the most efficient catheter ablation (CA) strategy for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of different CA strategies for AF ablation through network meta-analysis (NMA). METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, and CENTRAL was performed up to October 5th, 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing different CA approaches were included. Efficacy was defined as arrhythmia recurrence after CA and safety as any reported complication related to the procedure during a minimum follow-up time of 6 months. RESULTS: In total, 67 RCTs (n = 9871) comparing 19 different CA strategies were included. The risk of recurrence was significantly decreased compared to pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) alone for PVI with renal denervation (RR: 0.60, CI: 0.38-0.94), PVI with ganglia-plexi ablation (RR: 0.62, CI: 0.41-0.94), PVI with additional ablation lines (RR: 0.8, CI: 0.68-0.95) and PVI in combination with bi-atrial modification (RR: 0.32, CI: 0.11-0.88). Strategies including PVI appeared superior to non-PVI strategies such as electrogram-based approaches. No significant differences in safety were observed. CONCLUSIONS: This NMA showed that PVI in combination with additional CA strategies, such as autonomic modulation and additional lines, seem to increase the efficacy of PVI alone. These strategies can be considered in treating patients with AF, since, additionally, no differences in safety were observed. This study provides decision-makers with comprehensive and comparative evidence about the efficacy and safety of different CA strategies. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registry number: CRD42020169494 .
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Fibrilación Atrial , Ablación por Catéter , Venas Pulmonares , Fibrilación Atrial/cirugía , Ablación por Catéter/métodos , Humanos , Metaanálisis en Red , Venas Pulmonares/cirugía , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Sistema de RegistrosRESUMEN
Although catheter ablation (CA) is an established treatment for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF), there is no consensus regarding the most efficient CA strategy. The objective of this network meta-analysis (NMA) was to compare the efficacy and safety of different CA strategies for PAF. A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and CENTRAL until the final search date, 5 October 2020. Randomised controlled trials (RCT) comparing different CA strategies and methods for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) were included. Efficacy was defined as lack of arrhythmia recurrence after CA and safety as any reported complication related to the procedure during a minimum follow-up time of six months. In total, 43 RCTs comparing 11 different CA strategies involving 6701 patients were included. The risk of recurrence was significantly decreased in comparison with PVI with radiofrequency only for the following treatments: PVI with adjuvant ablation (RR: 0.79, CI: 0.65-0.97) and PVI with sympathetic modulation (RR: 0.64, CI: 0.46-0.88). However, PVI with radiofrequency was superior to non-PVI strategies (RR: 1.65, CI: 1.2-2.26). No statistically significant difference was found in safety between different CA strategies. Concerning different PVI strategies, no difference was observed either in efficacy or in safety between tested strategies. This NMA suggests that different PVI strategies are generally similar in terms of efficacy, while PVI with additional ablation or sympathetic modulation may be more effective than PVI alone. This study provides decision-makers with insights into the efficacy and safety of different CA strategies.
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BACKGROUND: Ventricular tachycardia (VT) substrate in left ventricular (LV) nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) consists of fibrosis with surviving myocardium. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether, in patients with LV NICM and sustained VT, reduced QRS amplitude and QRSf during sinus rhythm can identify the presence and location of abnormal septal (S-NICM) and/or free-wall (FW-NICM) VT substrate. METHODS: We compared patients with NICM and VT (group 1) with electroanatomic mapping septal (S-NICM; n = 21) or free-wall (FW-NICM; n = 20) VT substrate to a 38-patient reference cohort (group 2) with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) and NICM but no VT referred for primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (26 [68.4%] with late gadolinium enhancement). RESULTS: Group 1 had lower QRS amplitude in leads II (0.60 ± 0.22 vs 0.86 ± 0.35, P <.001), aVR (0.60 ± 0.24 vs 0.75 ± 0.31, P = .002), aVF (0.48 ± 0.20 vs 0.70 ± 0.28, P <.001), and V2 (1.09 ± 0.52 vs 1.38 ± 0.55, P = .001) than group 2. QRS <0.55 mV in lead aVF identified VT and accompanying substrate with sensitivity 70% and specificity 71%. Most group 1 and group 2 patients had 12-lead ECG QRS fractionation (QRSf) in ≥2 contiguous leads (78% vs 63.2%, P = .14). Sensitivity and specificity for ≥2 QRSf leads identifying respective regional electroanatomic or cMRI abnormalities were 76% and 50% for inferior, 44% and 87% for lateral, and 21% and 89% for anterior leads. CONCLUSION: In LV NICM, low frontal plane QRS (<0.55 mV in aVF) is associated with VT substrate. Although multilead QRS fractionation is associated with the presence and location of VT substrate, it is frequently identified in patients without VT with cMRI abnormalities.
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Cardiomiopatías/diagnóstico por imagen , Cardiomiopatías/fisiopatología , Imagen por Resonancia Cinemagnética , Taquicardia Ventricular/diagnóstico por imagen , Taquicardia Ventricular/fisiopatología , Medios de Contraste , Electrocardiografía , Mapeo Epicárdico , Femenino , Fibrosis , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios ProspectivosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of catheter ablation (CA) on symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after 5 years, and analyze predictors of recurrence of symptoms. BACKGROUND: The primary indication for CA of atrial fibrillation (AF) is to reduce symptoms and improve HRQoL where long-term follow-up are sparse. METHODS: In this observational, long-term, single-center study, patients were recruited from Linköping University Hospital, Sweden. They were aged ≥18 years and had been referred for CA from November 2011 until June 2019. Arrhythmia-specific symptoms and HRQoL were assessed by patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) with the Arrhythmia-Specific questionnaire in Tachycardia and Arrhythmia (ASTA). RESULTS: In the study were 1521 patients, 69% men, mean age 62 years. At baseline, 87% of the patients and at the 5-year follow-up 80% of those eligible filled out the ASTA questionnaire. At follow-up, 50% reported freedom from symptoms, 18% had >50% symptom reduction, 14% had a minor reduction, while 18% reported no effect or a worsening of symptoms. Factors predicting symptoms were female gender (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.8; 1.2-2.8), body mass index ≥ 35 (HR: 3.9; 1.6-9.8), and ischemic heart disease (IHD) (HR: 2.6; 1.2-5.9). After 5 years, breathlessness during activity, weakness/fatigue, and tiredness were still the most common symptoms; regarding HRQoL they were impaired physical ability and deteriorated life situation. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: This clinical cohort of patients with AF evaluated through PROMs showed that CA had long-lasting effects on symptoms and HRQoL and that the use of PROMs in clinical routines was feasible. Factors predicting symptoms after CA were female gender, IHD, and obesity, an important reminder to encourage lifestyle management.
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Fibrilación Atrial , Ablación por Catéter , Adolescente , Adulto , Fibrilación Atrial/diagnóstico , Fibrilación Atrial/epidemiología , Fibrilación Atrial/cirugía , Ablación por Catéter/efectos adversos , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Calidad de Vida , Recurrencia , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The substrate for ventricular tachycardia (VT) in left ventricular (LV) nonischemic cardiomyopathy may be epicardial. We assessed the prevalence, location, endocardial electrograms, and VT ablation outcomes in LV nonischemic cardiomyopathy with isolated epicardial substrate. METHODS: Forty-seven of 531 (9%) patients with LV nonischemic cardiomyopathy and VT demonstrated normal endocardial (>1.5 mV)/abnormal epicardial bipolar low-voltage area (LVA, <1.0 mV and signal abnormality). Abnormal endocardial unipolar LVA (≤8.3 mV) and endocardial bipolar split electrograms and predictors of ablation success were assessed. RESULTS: Epicardial bipolar LVA (27.3 cm2 [interquartile range, 15.8-50.0]) localized to basal (40), mid (8), and apical (3) LV with basal inferolateral LV most common (28/47, 60%). Of 44 endocardial maps available, 40 (91%) had endocardial unipolar LVA (24.5 cm2 [interquartile range, 9.4-68.5]) and 29 (67%) had characteristic normal amplitude endocardial split electrograms opposite the epicardial LVA. At mean of 34 months, the VT-free survival was 55% after one and 72% after multiple procedures. Greater endocardial unipolar LVA than epicardial bipolar LVA (hazard ratio, 10.66 [CI, 2.63-43.12], P=0.001) and number of inducible VTs (hazard ratio, 1.96 [CI, 1.27-3.00], P=0.002) were associated with VT recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with LV nonischemic cardiomyopathy and VT, the substrate may be confined to epicardial and commonly basal inferolateral. LV endocardial unipolar LVA and normal amplitude bipolar split electrograms identify epicardial LVA. Ablation targeting epicardial VT and substrate achieves good long-term VT-free survival. Greater endocardial unipolar than epicardial bipolar LVA and more inducible VTs predict VT recurrence.
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Cardiomiopatías/fisiopatología , Ablación por Catéter , Pericardio/cirugía , Taquicardia Ventricular/cirugía , Adulto , Cardiomiopatías/diagnóstico por imagen , Cardiomiopatías/epidemiología , Ablación por Catéter/efectos adversos , Técnicas Electrofisiológicas Cardíacas , Femenino , Fibrosis , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Cinemagnética , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Miocardio/patología , Pennsylvania/epidemiología , Pericardio/diagnóstico por imagen , Pericardio/fisiopatología , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Prevalencia , Supervivencia sin Progresión , Recurrencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Taquicardia Ventricular/diagnóstico , Taquicardia Ventricular/epidemiología , Taquicardia Ventricular/fisiopatología , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA)is an important treatment option for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). During RFA, a significant amount of energy is delivered into the left atrium (LA), resulting in considerable LA-injury. The impact of this damage on mechanical and endocrine LA-function, however, is often disregarded.We therefore aimed to evaluate the endocrine- and mechanical function of the heart 4-months after RFA of AF. METHODS: In total 189 patients eligible for RFA of AF were studied. The levels of the N-terminal pro-B-natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and the mid-regional fragment of the N-terminal pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP)were measured. The maximum LAvolume (LAVmax),the LAejection fraction (LAEF) and the LA peak longitudinal strain (PALS), were measured usingtransthoracic echocardiography. The measurements were performed before and 4-months after the intervention. RESULTS: 87 patients had a recurrence during a mean follow-up of 143±36 days.NT-proBNPand MR-proANPdecreased significantly at follow-up. This reduction was greater in patients who did not suffer any recurrence after RFA.The LAVmax decreased significantly, whereasthe PALS only improved in patients who did not suffer from any recurrence. On the other hand, LAEF did not change significantly after RFA of AF. CONCLUSIONS: Despite extensiveablation during RFA of AF, the endocrine function of the heart improved 4-months after the index procedure. Patients with no arrhythmia recurrence showed a more pronounced improvement in their endocrinal function. Mechanically, the LAVmax was reduced, and the LA strain improved significantly.
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BACKGROUND: Left ventricular (LV) scar on late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac magnetic resonance has been correlated with life-threatening arrhythmic events in patients with apparently idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). We investigated the prognostic significance of a specific LV-LGE phenotype characterized by a ringlike pattern of fibrosis. METHODS: A total of 686 patients with apparently idiopathic nonsustained VA underwent contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance. A ringlike pattern of LV scar was defined as LV subepicardial/midmyocardial LGE involving at least 3 contiguous segments in the same short-axis slice. The end point of the study was time to the composite outcome of all-cause death, resuscitated cardiac arrest because of ventricular fibrillation or hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia and appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy. RESULTS: A total of 28 patients (4%) had a ringlike pattern of scar (group A), 78 (11%) had a non-ringlike pattern (group B), and 580 (85%) had normal cardiac magnetic resonance with no LGE (group C). Group A patients were younger compared with groups B and C (median age, 40 vs 52 vs 45 years; P<0.01), more frequently men (96% vs 82% vs 55%; P<0.01), with a higher prevalence of family history of sudden cardiac death or cardiomyopathy (39% vs 14% vs 6%; P<0.01) and more frequent history of unexplained syncope (18% vs 9% vs 3%; P<0.01). All patients in group A showed VA with a right bundle-branch block morphology versus 69% in group B and 21% in group C (P<0.01). Multifocal VAs were observed in 46% of group A patients compared with 26% of group B and 4% of group C (P<0.01). After a median follow-up of 61 months (range, 34-84 months), the composite outcome occurred in 14 patients (50.0%) in group A versus 15 (19.0%) in group B and 2 (0.3%) in group C (P<0.01). After multivariable adjustment, the presence of LGE with ringlike pattern remained independently associated with increased risk of the composite end point (hazard ratio, 68.98 [95% CI, 14.67-324.39], P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with apparently idiopathic nonsustained VA, nonischemic LV scar with a ringlike pattern is associated with malignant arrhythmic events.
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Arritmias Cardíacas/diagnóstico , Ventrículos Cardíacos/fisiopatología , Adulto , Arritmias Cardíacas/mortalidad , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Análisis de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
Premature ventricular complex (PVC) is common in the general population. Symptoms vary from none to pronounced. The prognostic significance of PVC's depends on the presence of underlying structural heart disease. The clinical evaluation in patients with PVC aims at excluding structural heart disease and usually involves transthoracic echocardiogram and Holter. Patients without structural heart disease usually have a good prognosis. Frequent PVC's may cause impaired left ventricular function, which usually is reversible after treatment with drugs or ablation. A 12-lead ECG provides important information about PVC localization, however anatomical factors such as the heart's localization in the thorax as well as electrode placement and pharmacological treatment may affect the ECG appearance. In symptomatic patients with or without left ventricular impairment, pharmacological treatment or catheter ablation is indicated. However, in most cases the main goal is to reasure the patient of the good prognosis. To summarize, treatment of choice depends on symptoms, comorbidities, left ventricular function and patient's choice.
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Ablación por Catéter , Complejos Prematuros Ventriculares , Ecocardiografía , Electrocardiografía , Humanos , Complejos Prematuros Ventriculares/diagnóstico por imagen , Complejos Prematuros Ventriculares/terapiaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the prevalence and prognostic significance of concealed myocardial abnormalities identified by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in patients with apparently idiopathic premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). BACKGROUND: The role of CMR imaging in patients with frequent PVCs and otherwise negative diagnostic workup is uncertain. METHODS: This was a multicenter, international study that included 518 patients (age 44 ± 15 years; 57% men) with frequent (>1,000/24 h) PVCs and negative routine diagnostic workup. Patients underwent a comprehensive CMR protocol including late gadolinium enhancement imaging for detection of necrosis and/or fibrosis. The study endpoint was a composite of sudden cardiac death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, and nonfatal episodes of ventricular fibrillation or sustained ventricular tachycardia that required appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy. RESULTS: Myocardial abnormalities were found in 85 (16%) patients. Male gender (odds ratio [OR]: 4.28; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.06 to 8.93; p = 0.01), family history of sudden cardiac death and/or cardiomyopathy (OR: 3.61; 95% CI: 1.33 to 9.82; p = 0.01), multifocal PVCs (OR: 11.12; 95% CI: 4.35 to 28.46; p < 0.01), and non-left bundle branch block inferior axis morphology (OR: 14.11; 95% CI: 7.35 to 27.07; p < 0.01) were all significantly related to the presence of myocardial abnormalities. After a median follow-up of 67 months, the composite endpoint occurred in 26 (5%) patients. Subjects with myocardial abnormalities on CMR had a higher incidence of the composite outcome (n = 25; 29%) compared with those without abnormalities (n = 1; 0.2%; p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: CMR can identify concealed myocardial abnormalities in 16% of patients with apparently idiopathic frequent PVCs. Presence of myocardial abnormalities on CMR predict worse clinical outcomes.
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Medios de Contraste , Complejos Prematuros Ventriculares , Adulto , Femenino , Gadolinio , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Cinemagnética , Masculino , Sistema de Registros , Medición de Riesgo , Complejos Prematuros Ventriculares/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: In patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) little is known about the clinical impact of catheter ablation (CA) of septal ventricular tachycardia (VT) resulting in the collateral injury of the conduction system (CICS). METHODS AND RESULTS: Ninety-five consecutive patients with NICM underwent CA of septal VT. Outcomes in patients with no baseline conduction abnormalities who developed CICS (group 1, n = 28 [29%]) were compared to patients with no CICS (group 2, n = 17 [18%]) and to patients with preexisting conduction abnormalities or biventricular pacing (group 3, n = 50 [53%]). Group-1 patients were younger, had a higher left ventricular ejection fraction and a lower prevalence of New York Heart Association III/IV class compared to group 3 while no significant differences were observed with group 2. After a median follow-up of 15 months, VT recurred in 14% of patients in group 1, 12% in group 2 (P = .94) and 32% in group 3 (P = .08) while death/transplant occurred in 14% of patients in group 1, 18% in group 2 (P = .69) and 28% in group 3 (P = .15). A worsening of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (median LVEF variation, -5%) was observed in group 1 compared to group 2 (median LVEF variation, 0%; P < .01) but not group-3 patients (median LVEF variation, -4%; P = .08) with a consequent higher need for new biventricular pacing in group 1 (43%) compared to group 2 (12%; P = .03) and group 3 (16%; P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with NICM and septal substrate, sparing the abnormal substrate harboring the conduction system provides acceptable VT control while preventing a worsening of the systolic function.
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Cardiomiopatías , Ablación por Catéter , Taquicardia Ventricular , Cardiomiopatías/diagnóstico por imagen , Ablación por Catéter/efectos adversos , Humanos , Volumen Sistólico , Taquicardia Ventricular/diagnóstico por imagen , Taquicardia Ventricular/cirugía , Resultado del Tratamiento , Función Ventricular IzquierdaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Primary indication for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) is to reduce symptoms and improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL). There are data showing differences between the genders and between younger and older patients. To evaluate this, we studied a large Scandinavian cohort of patients referred for catheter ablation of AF. METHODS: Consecutive patients filled out the ASTA questionnaire, assessing symptoms, HRQoL, and perception of arrhythmia, prior to ablation. Patients were recruited from four Swedish and one Danish tertiary center. RESULTS: A total of 2493 patients (72% men) filled out the ASTA questionnaire. Women experienced eight of the nine ASTA scale symptoms more often than men. Patients <65 years reported four symptoms more often, only tiredness was more frequent in those ≥65 years (P = .007). Women and patients <65 years experienced more often palpitations and regarding close to fainting and this was more common among women, no age differences were seen. Women and men scored differently in 10 of the 13 HRQoL items. Only negative impact on sexual life was more common in men (P < .001). Older patients reported more negative influence in four of the HRQoL items and the younger in one; ability to concentrate. CONCLUSIONS: Women experienced a more pronounced symptom burden and were more negatively affected in all HRQoL concerns, except for the negative impact on sexual life, where men reported more influence of AF. Differences between age groups were less pronounced. Disease-specific patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) add important information where gender differences should be considered in the care.
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Fibrilación Atrial/diagnóstico , Fibrilación Atrial/cirugía , Ablación por Catéter , Calidad de Vida , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Derivación y Consulta , Autoinforme , Factores Sexuales , Evaluación de SíntomasRESUMEN
Surgical resection of a left ventricular aneurysm in the setting of ventricular tachycardia (VT) was first described by Couch in 1959. The technique was further developed by Dor et al. with performance of endocardiectomy and complete myocardial revascularization. Despite an attempt to remove the arrhythmogenic substrate, however, recurrences of VT remain an issue. Furthermore, the surgical technique used entails limited access to the potential area of interest with regard to a percutaneous catheter ablation procedure. We present a case report of a 65-year-old man who was referred for catheter ablation due to recurrent episodes of VT. He had undergone a coronary artery bypass surgery 8 years previously. During surgery, resection of an apical thrombus and reconstruction of an apical aneurysm with a Fontan stitch and an endoventricular patch were performed. The mapping and ablation procedure was aided by intracardiac echocardiography. During mapping, the ablation catheter was noticed to enter the apical pouch from the inferoseptal border of the endoventricular patch. During the ablation procedure, one of the VTs was successfully ablated in the inferior aspect of the apical pouch. This report confirms that the arrhythmogenic substrate underneath an endoventricular patch may be accessed in some instances and that these complex catheter ablation procedures may benefit from the use of intracardiac echocardiography.