RESUMEN

Alterations to the gut microbiota are associated with ulcerative colitis (UC), whereas restoration of normobiosis can effectively alleviate UC. l-Theanine has been shown to reshape the gut microbiota and regulate gut immunity. To investigate the mechanisms by which l-theanine alleviates UC, we used l-theanine and l-theanine fecal microbiota solution to treat UC mice. In this study, we used l-theanine and l-theanine fecal microbiota solution to treat UC mice to explore the mechanism by which l-theanine alleviates UC. By reducing inflammation in the colon, we demonstrated that l-theanine alleviates symptoms of UC. Meanwhile, l-theanine can improve the abundance of microbiota related to short-chain fatty acid, bile acid, and tryptophan production. Single-cell sequencing results indicated that l-theanine-mediated suppression of UC was associated with immune cell changes, especially regarding macrophages and T and B cells, and validated the immune cell responses to the gut microbiota. Further, flow cytometry results showed that the ability of dendritic cells, macrophages, and monocytes to present microbiota antigens to colonic T cells in an MHC-II-dependent manner was reduced after treating normal mouse fecal donors with l-theanine. These results demonstrate that l-theanine modulates colon adaptive and innate immunity by regulating the gut microbiota in an MHC-II-dependent manner, thereby alleviating UC.

Asunto(s)

Colitis Ulcerosa , Colon , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Glutamatos , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Animales , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones , Glutamatos/farmacología , Glutamatos/administración & dosificación , Colitis Ulcerosa/inmunología , Colitis Ulcerosa/tratamiento farmacológico , Colitis Ulcerosa/microbiología , Colon/inmunología , Colon/microbiología , Colon/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Humanos , Macrófagos/inmunología , Macrófagos/efectos de los fármacos , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidad Clase II/inmunología , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidad Clase II/genética , Bacterias/clasificación , Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos , Bacterias/genética , Bacterias/aislamiento & purificación , Bacterias/inmunología , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Linfocitos T/efectos de los fármacos , Heces/microbiología

RESUMEN

It is shown that the spatial Goos-Hänchen shift is greatly affected by spatial coherence. A typical example is given.