RESUMEN
Using a cross-sectional analysis design, we measured serum anti-protective antigen (PA) concentrations in individuals receiving six or fewer US licensed anthrax vaccinations. Samples were collected from 363 individuals with a mean of 29.6+/-8.42 months after their last vaccination (range 3-57 months). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) developed and validated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was used to evaluate the range and status of anthrax vaccine-induced serum antibody concentrations. A significant correlation (r=0.73, P< or =0.001) was found to exist between the number of vaccinations received and specific anti-PA immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations. We observed two discrete groups comprised of one to three doses (5.9-11.7 microg/ml) and four to six doses (26.2-30.2 microg/ml). These data indicate that anti-PA IgG is present at low but detectable levels after as few as two vaccinations (5.9+/-6.43 microg/ml). These findings may have significance for anthrax vaccine recipients who are unable to complete the primary or full regimen with this licensed product.
Asunto(s)
Vacunas contra el Carbunco/administración & dosificación , Carbunco/inmunología , Antígenos Bacterianos/inmunología , Toxinas Bacterianas/inmunología , Esquemas de Inmunización , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Vacunación/estadística & datos numéricos , Carbunco/prevención & control , Vacunas contra el Carbunco/inmunología , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/sangre , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/inmunología , Especificidad de Anticuerpos , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Humanos , Personal Militar , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
This laboratory is developing fluorescence polarization (FP) methods as diagnostic tools to assay antibodies in saliva and other oral fluids. FP provides quantitation of molecular interaction, such as antigen-antibody binding, of a single, small-volume sample in real time and without prior separation of components such as blood cells. There is potential for wide-spread use of these homogeneous assays as noninvasive tests, especially as more compact, simplified fluorescence polarimeters become available. FP tests can be designed that are applicable to a wide spectrum of microorganisms and may be used in a clinic or far-forward deployed setting to aid in diagnosis of disease or verification of vaccination. Rapid salivary diagnostics, including FP, have been identified by the Office of Naval Research as requirements for future naval capabilities in basic and applied medical research for warfighter protection in casualty prevention. The applications of FP salivary diagnostics for determination of tuberculosis exposure and of anthrax immunization status are discussed as examples.