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Background: The numerous techniques for identifying adulthood require research testing the accuracy of each method in different populations. This study verified the accuracy of the third molar maturity index (I3M) proposed by Cameriere et al. (2008) for diagnosing the age of majority in a southern Brazilian population sample. Material and Methods: Panoramic radiographs of patients with dental element 38 treated at the School of Dentistry of the University of Passo Fundo (UPF), RS, Brazil, were analyzed. The patients were separated into age groups between 15.00 and 22.99 years. The Cameriere (2008) method was applied to each radiograph. The study sample comprised 671 individuals, with 385 women (mean age 19.67 ± 2.05) and 286 men (mean age 19.5 ± 2.11). Results: The original cut-off value of I3M≤0.08 classified individuals younger and older than 18 years. ROC curve plotting resulted in an overall accuracy of 0.69 and 0.84 for women and men, respectively. The most favorable cut-off value for southern Brazilian men was 0.06, and women showed better results with an I3M adjusted to 0.13. The new cut-off values produced an accuracy of 0.78 for women and 0.84 for men. The original cut-off point to the I3M (0.08) was not the most appropriate for the studied sample. Conclusions: Thus, index adjustments to 0.13 for women and 0.06 for men may improve method performance among southern Brazilian individuals. Key words:Molar, third, radiography, panoramic, forensic dentistry, age groups, imputability.

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AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To define the genotoxic potential of tobacco and alcohol in the oral mucosa through a micronuclei (MN) test. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples of exfoliative cells from oral mucosa were collected using superficial scraping of the right- and left-cheek mucosa of 83 patients divided into four groups, namely: (G1) 24 individuals abstaining from tobacco and alcoholic beverages; (G2) 23 individuals who smoke and abstain from alcoholic beverages; (G3) 24 smokers and alcoholics; and (G4) 12 individuals who consume alcohol and abstain from tobacco. The samples were stained with Giemsa-Wright, and the frequencies of MN, binucleated cells, and metanuclear changes were recorded in the samples of each group (1,000 cells per patient). RESULTS: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a difference between groups for changes concerning karyorrhexis (p = 0), pycnosis (p = 0.002), karyolysis (p = 0.003), and binucleated cells (p = 0.046). As for the total number of changes, G3, G2, and G4, respectively, were significantly higher than G1. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the influence of smoking and drinking on exfoliating cells of oral mucosa may cause metanuclear changes due to genetic changes that these products cause, and the MN test is effective in detecting and monitoring such changes. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: MN test may work for constantly monitoring the oral mucosa of smokers and/or alcoholic patients, so that early cell changes may be diagnosed, preventing the genesis of oral cancer.

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AIM AND OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological profile, oral health self-perception index, and level of satisfaction of users of complete implant-supported overdentures that had been used for at least 1 year and were made at the School of Dentistry of the University of Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (FO/UPF), between 2014 and 2019. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 30 patients with overdentures, who were selected from the dental records filed at the institution. Data on general health and the dental implants involved (brand, type of prosthetic connection, number of implants, and additional overdenture retention system) were collected from the medical records. The 30 patients were invited to answer the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) and visual analog scale (VAS) questionnaires, and due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, it was possible to contact 15 patients. RESULTS: Most of the prostheses studied were mandibular overdentures, and 66.66% of the cases were retained by the O-ring system. As for the oral health self-perception of the individuals, it was concluded that male patients had a lower mean overall score (p = 0.047) and functional domain (p = 0.042) in the OHIP-14. The number of implants and the installation arch interfered with functional domain and psychological capacity (p <0.05). The VAS showed that women have greater esthetic satisfaction with prostheses (p = 0.048) and that the bar-clip retention system is more satisfactory than the O-ring (p = 0.017). CONCLUSION: Despite the limitations of overdentures, it was noted that, when properly indicated, they are a viable option for oral rehabilitation on implants. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Oral rehabilitation well-indicated with overdentures, especially those retained by the bar-clip system, results in an improvement in the patients' quality of life.

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BACKGROUND: To assess the radiographic third molar maturation with internationally developed techniques for age estimation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study analyzed 1,062 panoramic radiographs of patients treated at the School of Dentistry of the University of Passo Fundo/RS/Brazil, between 2009 and 2020. The patients were separated into ages between 15.00 and 23.99 years and, for each radiograph, the third molars were classified into stages from 1 to 10, with the subsequent application of one of the formulae proposed by Gunst et al. A dichotomous variable indicating whether each individual was younger or older than 18 was calculated from the chronological age of the individuals. A logistic regression model was adjusted to assess whether the third molar stages are correlated with the age of individuals. RESULTS: The error indicators between estimated and chronological ages showed that mean errors closer to zero are seen in the 18-18.9 and 17-17.9 age groups, respectively. Male individuals were earlier in terms of dental mineralization but there were no significant differences between sexes regarding the applicability of the method. The ROC curve shows that the analysis of a single third molar for age estimation gives a maximum of 70.4% reliability. CONCLUSIONS: The moderate performance of the technique tested in the present study justify future country-specific corrections to improve age estimation from the radiographic assessment of third molar maturity. Key words:Dental age estimation, forensic dentistry, radiology, third molar.

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OBJECTIVE: To perform an epidemiological survey comparing the cell proliferative activity of 107 cases of oral leukoplakia with their clinical and histopathological characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional, observational, and histological-histochemical study. The cases came from the Histopathological Diagnostic Service of UPF/RS and the School of Dentistry of Araçatuba FOA/UNESP/SP (1986-2016). The histopathological sections were stained using the silver staining (AgNOR) technique and the nuclei of 100 epithelial cells selected randomly were recorded to count the number of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs). The mean NORs per lesion were correlated to clinical and histological characteristics using ANOVA, at 5% significance. RESULTS: Most of the cases included men (62.62%), white (64.49%), and with an average age of 53.94 years. The most probable etiological factors were smoking (44.7%) and alcohol consumption (9.85%). The evolution time of most lesions was fast (33.65%), manifesting mainly in the form of plaques (70.37%) and without symptoms (58.88%). They were located mainly in the cheek mucosa (26.62%) and presented white color (66.35%), well-defined edges (59.81%), firm consistency (47.5%), and keratinized surface (49.53%). Etiological factor (p = 0.003), evolution time (p = 0.006), symptoms (p = 0.029), location (p = 0.020), consistency (p = 0.047), histopathological characteristics (p = 0.004), and superficial keratinization (p = 0.001) were statistically significant regarding the mean NORs of the leukoplakias studied. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Oral leukoplakias caused by alcohol consumption and/or tobacco use, considering an evolution time of fewer than 12 months, asymptomatic, located in the lower lip or tongue, and with a firm consistency and increased superficial keratinization should be treated more aggressively by the clinician to avoid cancerization.

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AIM: This study relates the average number of nucleolar organizing regions (NORs) obtained in a series of cases of oral leukoplakia, with three methods of histopathological classification of such lesion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a histopathological-histochemical laboratory cross-sectional study. The 18 cases of leukoplakia analyzed were filed at Pathology Service of the Biological Sciences Institute of the University of Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (SDH/ICB/UPF) (2017 and 2018), from which epidemiological data were extracted. New histological sections were performed for impregnation by the argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR) technique. The histopathological slides were analyzed by photon microscopy (1,000×), and the nuclei of 100 epithelial cells were photographed to count the number of NORs. Three methods were used for the lesions' histopathological classification [World Health Organization (WHO), Brothwell, and binary system]. The means of NORs were compared with the three histopathological classifications by means of the t or analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistical tests, at a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: According to the WHO classification method, most cases (11-61.1%) had a moderate classification. Evaluations by the Brothwell method showed moderate and mild classification in 50 and 38.9% of cases, respectively. According to the binary system, most cases (10-55.6%) had low risk. The average NORs found in 100 nuclei of each of the 18 lesions ranged from 2 to 4. When crossing the average NORs with the histopathological classification methods of the lesions by means of the t test or ANOVA, no significant relationship was noted. CONCLUSION: The average of NORs is not associated with the histological classifications of leukoplakias. Thus, the AgNOR method should be used with caution when differentiating different histological grades of leukoplakias. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The AgNOR method should be used with caution to determine the clinical treatment of oral leukoplakias, since no agreement was observed between this method and the histopathological classifications available for such lesion.

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Flavonoids, synthesized by plants across all families and therefore found in a huge variety, possess a diverse range of pharmacological properties. Direct antibacterial and synergistic activities as well as the inhibition of several bacterial virulence factors are known. Besides the mode of action, it is important to understand the structure-activity relationship to identify key structural characteristics. This study aimed to identify biflavonoids with antibacterial activity from Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi fruits. The purified biflavonoids were characterized in terms of their antibacterial effects. We found that the activity of biflavonoids, including agathisflavone (AGF), amentoflavone (AMF), and tetrahydroamentoflavone (THAF), was dependent on their chemical configuration and degree of oxidation, with THAF showing the highest activity on planktonic cells. Additionally, biofilm formation and composition were strongly influenced by THAF. Even slight differences in the chemical structure have fundamental effects on the activity of isolated biflavonoids. This suggests a specific binding of these substances in bacteria and thus enables detailed investigations of the mode of action in the future.

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Objetivos: analisar, por meio de revisão de literatura, o impacto da cirurgia ortognática na qualidade de vida de pacientes com diferentes deformidades orofaciais e identificar a concepção e a percepção dos pacientes em relação às correções de deformidades faciais de um quadro prévio ao procedimento até o momento da avaliação. Metodologia: foi realizado um levantamento da literatura nas bases de dados PubMed e Medline, utilizando os seguintes termos de busca: "ortognática", "distúrbios temporomandibulares", "qualidade de vida" e "psicossocial". Os artigos foram escolhidos nas línguas portuguesa e inglesa, dentre aqueles publicados entre os anos de 1990 a 2019. Considerações finais: a correção das deformidades esqueléticas faciais e das irregularidades dentárias associadas pela cirurgia ortognática apresenta um impacto positivo na qualidade de vida dos pacientes pela melhora harmônica dos ossos esqueléticos faciais, resultando em uma estética facial favorável e em um aprimoramento das funções do sistema estomatognático.(AU)

Objectives: to analyze, through literature review, the impact of orthognathic surgery on the quality of life of patients with different orofacial deformities and to identify the patients' conception and perception about corrections of facial deformities prior to the procedure until the moment of evaluation. Methods: a literature review was performed using the PubMed and Medline databases using the following search terms: "orthognathic", "temporomandibular disorders", "quality of life" and "psychosocial". The articles were chosen in Portuguese and English between 1990 and 2019. Final considerations: correction of facial skeletal deformities and associated dental irregularities, by orthognathic surgery, have a positive impact on patients' quality of life through the harmonious improvement of skeletal facial bones, resulting in a favorable facial esthetics and an improvement of the functions of the stomatognathic system.(AU)

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Introdução: O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é um distúrbio comportamental complexo, na odontologia, os indivíduos com TEA apresentam consequências em sua saúde bucal pela inadequada higiene oral e difícil manejo interferindo na condição periodontal. Objetivo: Verificar a doença periodontal em indivíduos com TEA utilizando-se como instrumento o Índice Periodontal Comunitário de Necessidades de Tratamento (CPITN). Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura embasada em artigos de periódicos da base de dados PubMed e Portal Regional da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), empregando como critérios de seleção artigos com desenho amostral do tipo caso-controle que utilizaram para avaliação periodontal de indivíduos com TEA, o índice CPITN entre os anos de 1989 a 2019, todos em língua inglesa. Resultados: A busca resultou em 10 artigos que correspondiam aos filtros selecionados. Um total de 4 artigos que foram lidos na íntegra e cuja análise foi o tema central, nos estudos avaliados, os participantes com TEA apresentaram resultados mais severos nas taxas do índice CPITN. Conclusão: Com o índice CPITN tornou-se possível diagnosticar doença periodontal e necessidade de tratamento em indivíduos com TEA, de forma simplificada e eficaz (AU)

Introduction: Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex behavioral disorder. In dentistry, individuals with ASD have consequences on their oral health due to inadequate oral hygiene and difficult handling interfering with the periodontal condition. Objective: To verify the periodontal disease in individuals with ASD using the Community Periodontal Treatment Needs Index (CPITN) as instrument. Method: This is an integrative review of the literature based on articles from the PubMed and Regional Portal of the Virtual Health Library (VHL) database, using as selection criteria articles with sample design of the case-control type that were used for evaluation periodontal disease of individuals with ASD, the CPITN index between the years 1989 and 2019. Results The search resulted in 10 articles corresponding to the selected filters. A total of 4 articles that were read in full and whose analysis was the central theme, in the evaluated studies, the participants with ASD presented more severe results in the CPITN index rates. Conclusion: With the CPITN index it became possible to diagnose periodontal disease and the need for treatment in individuals with ASD, in a simplified and effective way. (AU)

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BACKGROUND: The association between tooth loss and masticatory problems may influence on food choices and consequently impact nutrition and quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate impact of oral rehabilitation with implants in nutrition and quality of life. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective study was performed. The Questionnaire for Healthy Habits (QHH) and the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) tools were used to assess nutrition and oral health status, respectively. Oral implants were placed and the adjacent the bone was radiographically assessed. The mean outcomes of the QHH between pre- and post-rehabilitation periods were assessed with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. The OHIP-14 was assessed using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: The implant surfaces showed a significant bone loss after six and 24 months of rehabilitation (p<0.001). There was no significant change in the masticatory pattern of patients (p>0.05). Nevertheless, the patients perceived a significant reduction in discomfort (p<0.02) when eating, after 24 months of the rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS: These findings confirm the hypothesis that oral rehabilitation with implants may not trigger direct improvement in nutrition. However, it plays an especial role improving quality of life. Key words:Dentistry, nutrition, oral implants, quality of life.

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OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and compare the magnitude and distribution of stresses generated on implants, abutments and first molar metal-ceramic crowns using finite element analysis. METHODS: Preliminary three-dimensional models were created using the computer-aided design software SolidWorks. Stress and strain values were observed for two distinct virtual models: model 1 - Morse taper and solid abutment; model 2 - Morse taper and abutment with screw. A load (250 N) was applied to a single point of the occlusal surface at 15° to the implant long axis. Von Mises stresses were recorded for both groups at four main points: 1) abutment-retaining screws; 2) abutment neck; 3) cervical bone area; 4) implant neck. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Model 1 showed a higher stress value (1477.5 MPa) at the abutment-retaining screw area than the stresses found in model 2 (1091.1 MPa for the same area). The cervical bone strain values did not exceed 105 µm for either model.

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Introdução: os estudos epidemiológicos exercem um importante papel na Saúde Pública, indicando a prevalência e a incidência das lesões do complexo bucomaxilofacial, e revelando fatores associados, como perfil socioeconômico, fatores genéticos e ambientais, e permitindo o direcionamento de ações de promoção e de prevenção de saúde. Objetivo: o objetivo do presente trabalho é realizar uma revisão de literatura acerca dos aspectos mais importantes para o estabelecimento do diagnóstico das alterações estomatológicas. Revisão de literatura: um dos principais obstáculos dos profissionais da saúde diante de um caso de lesão bucal é o estabelecimento de um diagnóstico preciso, devido à grande quantidade de diagnósticos diferenciais que tais condições podem apresentar. É viável, através do auxílio dos estudos de prevalência, reduzir o número de diagnósticos diferenciais, identificando a frequência das lesões para cada região, ao considerar também variáveis, como faixa etária, etnia e gênero. Considerações finais: conhecer a prevalência das lesões e saber identificar as variáveis associadas a cada uma é de suma importância para o estudante de odontologia e mesmo para o profissional, uma vez que este conhecimento contribuirá para o melhor manuseio e proservação de seu paciente.

Introduction: epidemiological studies performs an important role in Public Health, indicating the prevalence and incidence of injuries of the bucomaxillofacial complex, and revealing associated factors such as socioeconomic profile, genetic and environmental factors, and allowing the promotion of prevention and Cheers. Objective: the aim of the present study is to carry out a literature review about the most important aspects for establishing the diagnosis of stomatologic alterations. Literature review: one of the main obstacles faced by health professionals in the case of oral lesions is the establishment of an accurate diagnosis, due to the large number of differential diagnoses that such conditions may be present. It is feasible, through the aid of prevalence studies, to reduce the number of differential diagnoses, identifying the frequency of lesions for each region, as well as variables such as age, ethnicity and gender. Final considerations: knowing the prevalence of lesions and knowing how to identify the variables associated with each one is of paramount importance for the student of dentistry and even for the professional, since this knowledge will contribute to the better handling and proservation of his patient.

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Introdução: as overdentures são próteses totais removíveis, mucoimplanto-suportadas, estabilizadas por elementos instalados sobre raízes residuais e/ou sobre implantes. Uma variedade de sistemas de encaixe tem sido utilizada para suportar as sobredentaduras, dentre os quais os sistemas barra-clipe, bolas, magnetos e coroas telescópicas. Objetivo: avaliar, por meio de uma revisão de literatura, as sobredentaduras retidas por sistema barra-clipe, expondo um correto planejamento, bem como descrevendo protocolos de confecção de tais aparelhos. Métodos: foi realizada uma revisão de literatura nas bases de dados do Centro Latino-americano e do Caribe de Informações em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Medline, Bibliografia Brasileira de Odontologia (BBO), na biblioteca virtual (SCIELO), e no acervo de livros da Universidade de Passo Fundo/RS (UPF). Revisão de literatura: o sistema barra-clipe consiste de uma barra plástica para fundição (ou já em metal) e de um clipe de retenção. Em algumas situações, o sistema de encaixes por barra-clipe é mais indicado do que os demais sistemas, apresentando, todavia, limitações em determinados cenários clínicos. O sistema barra-clipe permite considerável retenção e estabilidade, resultando num restabelecimento da função mastigatória, maior segurança e grande satisfação do paciente. Considerações finais: a maior parte dos estudos mostrou uma melhora da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal dos pacientes após tratamento com overdenture em comparação com a prótese total removível convencional.

Introduction: overdentures are removable, muco-implantsupported, complete dentures, stabilized by elements installed on residual roots or implants. A variety of docking systems have been used to support overdentures, including bar-clip systems, balls, magnets and telescoping crowns. Objective: to evaluate, through a literature review, the overdentures retained by bar-clip system, exposing a correct planning, as well as describing protocols of making such devices. Methods: a literature review was carried out in the databases of the Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information (LILACS), Medline, Brazilian Dentistry Bibliography (BBO), the virtual library (SCIELO) and the collection of books from the University of Passo Fundo/RS (UPF). Literature Review: the bar-clip system consists of a plastic bar for casting or already metal and a retention clip. In some situations, the clip-on system is more suitable than other systems, although it has limitations in certain clinical scenarios. The bar-clip system allows considerable retention and stability, resulting in a restoration of the masticatory function, greater safety and great patient satisfaction. Final considerations: most of the studies showed an improvement in the quality of life related to the oral health of the patients after treatment with overdenture compared to the conventional total removable prosthesis.

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Introdução: O idoso tem tendência à secura da cavidade oral, a qual está ligada à atrofia da mucosa oral e das glândulas salivares. Objetivo: O presente estudo objetiva, por meio de uma revisão de literatura, estudar a xerostomia e os substitutos artificiais atualmente utilizados para a saliva. Revisão de literatura: Os benefícios na área da saúde das propriedades farmacológicas com produtos apícolas estão sendo estudados devido à sua eficiência, para o crescente desenvolvimento de nutracêuticos e alimentos funcionais. Própolis e seus extratos têm inúmeras aplicações no tratamento de várias doenças devido ao seu efeito antisséptico, anti-inflamatório, antioxidante, antibacteriano, antifúngico, antiúlcera, anticancerígeno, e propriedades imunomoduladoras. No campo odontológico tem atraído a atenção, reduzindo a inflamação resultante de procedimentos cirúrgicos e como agente antimicrobiano no controle da placa bacteriana. Considerações finais: Os sintomas da boca seca (xerostomia e hipossialia) incluem: distúrbios do paladar, mau hálito, intolerância a prótese dentária, com um risco aumentado para infecções, incluindo candidíase e lesões nas mucosas, doença periodontal, desmineralização dos dentes, susceptibilidade a cárie dentária e perda dentária, principalmente nos idosos. Por isso a importância em estudar um novo substituto salivar (APIS saliva) a base de própolis, para amenizar e substituir a falta de saliva na cavidade oral.

Introduction: The elderly tends to dry the oral cavity, and it is linked to the atrophy of the oral mucosa and salivary glands. Objective: This study aims, through a literature review, to study xerostomia and the artificial substitutes currently used for saliva. Literature review: The health benefits of pharmacological properties with bee products are being studied because of their efficiencies, for the growing development of nutraceuticals and functional foods. Propolis and its extracts have numerous applications in the treatment of various diseases due to their antiseptic, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-ulcer, anticancer, and immunomodulatory properties. In the dental field has attracted attention, reducing inflammation resulting from surgical procedures and as an antimicrobial agent in plaque control. Final considerations: Dry mouth symptoms (xerostomia and hyposialia) include taste disturbances, bad breath, intolerance to dental prostheses, increased risk of infection, including candidiasis and mucosal lesions, periodontal disease, tooth demineralization, tooth decay susceptibility and dental loss, especially in the elderly. Therefore, the importance in studying a new salivary substitute (APIS saliva) based on propolis, to soften and replace the lack of saliva in the oral cavity.

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OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and compare the magnitude and distribution of stresses generated on implants, abutments and first molar metal-ceramic crowns using finite element analysis. METHODS: Preliminary three-dimensional models were created using the computer-aided design software SolidWorks. Stress and strain values were observed for two distinct virtual models: model 1 - Morse taper and solid abutment; model 2 - Morse taper and abutment with screw. A load (250 N) was applied to a single point of the occlusal surface at 15° to the implant long axis. Von Mises stresses were recorded for both groups at four main points: 1) abutment-retaining screws; 2) abutment neck; 3) cervical bone area; 4) implant neck. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Model 1 showed a higher stress value (1477.5 MPa) at the abutment-retaining screw area than the stresses found in model 2 (1091.1 MPa for the same area). The cervical bone strain values did not exceed 105 µm for either model.

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Abstract Introduction Tooth loss is a health disorder of the elderly population that may lead to masticatory deficiency and nutritional risks, inducing the biochemical changes of metabolic syndrome (MS). Objective To verify the relationship among number of teeth, anthropometric measurements, and MS in a group of elderly people. Material and method The study was developed in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, and it was divided into three phases. The first phase collected information from the database of all project participants and the second one collected sociodemographic, anthropometric, and biochemical data. The third phase was divided into two other phases: first, oral health interviews were applied to the elderly (281 patients evaluated by telephone and 23 visited at home) and second, 45 patients were randomly selected and invited to validate the data obtained by telephone with oral clinical examinations performed by a trained dental surgeon. The sample consisted of 304 individuals. The data collected were tabulated and analyzed using statistical tests. Result Elderly women with severe tooth loss present a significantly higher risk of developing MS. Thus, the maintenance of natural teeth in the elderly is a protective factor for the syndrome. Conclusion The findings support the hypothesis that the oral health of individuals, expressed by the number of teeth, may compromise and increase the risk of MS in the elderly.

Resumo Introdução A perda dentária é um distúrbio de saúde dos idosos que pode levar à deficiência mastigatória e riscos nutricionais, induzindo alterações bioquímicas da síndrome metabólica (SM). Objetivo Verificar a relação entre número de dentes, medidas antropométricas e SM em um grupo de idosos. Material e método O estudo foi desenvolvido na cidade de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, e foi dividido em três fases. A primeira fase coletou informações do banco de dados de todos os participantes do projeto e a segunda coletou dados sociodemográficos, antropométricos e bioquímicos. A terceira fase foi dividida em duas outras fases: primeiro foram aplicadas entrevistas de saúde bucal aos idosos (281 pacientes avaliados por ligações telefônicas e 23 atendidos em domicílio) e, segundo, 45 pacientes foram selecionados aleatoriamente e convidados a validar os dados obtidos por telefone com exames clínicos orais. A amostra foi composta por 304 indivíduos. Os dados coletados foram tabulados e analisados ​​por meio de testes estatísticos. Resultado Mulheres idosas com perda dentária severa apresentam um risco significativamente maior de desenvolver SM. Assim, a manutenção dos dentes naturais nos idosos é um fator protetor para a síndrome. Conclusão Os achados reforçam a hipótese de que a saúde bucal dos indivíduos, expressa pelo número de dentes, pode comprometer e aumentar o risco de SM em idosos.

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The increase in life expectancy occurred along an increase in the demand of edentulous patients for a type of rehabilitation that provides higher masticatory efficiency. Thus, implant overdentures using the ball/o-ring and bar-clip attachment systems represent a muco-supported and implant-retained prosthetic type that allows greater security, stability, and aesthetics, besides presenting a lower cost and easier hygiene. The present study aims to report a clinical case of overdenture with the o-ring retention system. In this case, the patient complained of difficulties during mastication due to instability of the mandibular complete denture, sensitivity from the superficialization of the mental foramina, dissatisfaction with aesthetics, and successive dislocations of the mandibular condyle. After clinical and radiographic evaluation, the treatment proposed was the installation of two osseointegrated implants between the mental foramina and the o-ring attachment overdenture. This prosthetic rehabilitation presents a successful clinical follow-up of 24 months, confirming the effectiveness of the treatment applied. The patient was satisfied because the implant-retained prosthesis provided benefits related to aesthetics, comfort, phonation, and mastication. It is noted that the rehabilitation performed has solved the patient's initial complaints. After the clinical case and literature review, it is concluded that overdentures using the o-ring retention system are viable alternatives and provide adequate function and aesthetics, presenting integration with the stomatognathic system.

Com o aumento da expectativa de vida, houve também o aumento da procura dos pacientes edêntulos por uma forma reabilitadora que lhes proporcione maior eficiência mastigatória. Sendo assim, as sobredentaduras sobre implantes utilizando sistemas de encaixe bola/o'ring e barra-clip representam modalidade protética mucossuportada e implantorretida que possibilita maior segurança, estabilidade e estética, além de apresentarem menor custo e facilidade para higienização. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo relatar um caso clínico de overdenture que utiliza o sistema de retenção o'ring. Neste caso, a paciente queixava-se de dificuldades durante a mastigação devido à instabilidade da prótese total inferior, sensibilidade pela superficialização dos forames mentuais, insatisfação com a estética, além de sucessivas luxações do côndilo mandibular. Após avaliação clínica e radiográfica, o tratamento proposto foi a instalação de dois implantes osseointegráveis entre os forames mentuais e overdenture com encaixes do tipo o'ring. A reabilitação protética em questão apresenta um acompanhamento clínico bem sucedido de 24 meses, comprovando a eficácia do tratamento instituído. A paciente demonstrou estar satisfeita, pois a prótese implanto-retida possibilitou benefícios relacionados à estética, conforto, fonação e mastigação. Nota-se que a reabilitação realizada atendeu às queixas iniciais da paciente. Após a realização do caso clínico e revisão de literatura, conclui-se que overdentures que utilizam o sistema de retenção o'ring são alternativas viáveis e que promovem função e estética adequadas, integrando-se ao sistema estomatognático.

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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to perform an epidemiological survey of the cases of oral lesions diagnosed in a Brazilian dental school. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An epidemiological survey was carried out at the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Passo Fundo (FOUPF), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, between March 2015 and June 2017, characterizing the patients in terms of gender, age, and ethnicity. A total of 3,200 records were evaluated, from which 716 presented information on oral lesions diagnosed and treated at the clinics of the FOUPF. The data were evaluated by descriptive statistics of frequency. RESULTS: The most frequent change was the coated tongue (13.83%). The majority of the patients were female (56%), white (31.57%), in the sixth decade of life (21.65%). Regarding the classification of lesions, the most frequent group was developmental changes (25%). CONCLUSION: It is considered that the sample studied presented a significant index of oral lesions and normality changes, considering that 716 (22.38%) patients studied showed some type of change in the oral cavity. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The sample studied presents peculiar characteristics regarding the number of oral lesions/conditions diagnosed. It is also considered that Schools of Dentistry are valuable environments for carrying out epidemiological surveys in stomatology, providing the diagnostic exercise, as long as the students are stimulated for this purpose.

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Introduction: Actinic cheilitis (AC) is a lesion potentially malignant that affects the lips after prolonged exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The present study aimed to assess and describe the proliferative cell activity, using silver-stained nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) quantification proteins, and to investigate the potential associations between AgNORs and the clinical aspects of AC lesions. Materials and methods: Cases diagnosed with AC were selected and reviewed from Center of Histopathological Diagnosis of the Institute of Biological Sciences, Passo Fundo University, Brazil. Clinical data including clinical presentation of the patients affected with AC were collected. The AgNOR techniques were performed in all recovered cases. The different microscopic areas of interest were printed with magnification of *1000, and in each case, 200 epithelial cell nuclei were randomly selected. The mean quantity in each nucleus for NORs was recorded. One-way analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 22 cases of AC were diagnosed. The patients were aged between 46 and 75 years (mean age: 55 years). Most of the patients affected were males presenting asymptomatic white plaque lesions in the lower lip. The mean value quantified for AgNORs was 2.4 ± 0.63, ranging between 1.49 and 3.82. No statistically significant difference was observed associating the quantity of AgNORs with the clinical aspects collected from the patients (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The present study reports the lack of association between the proliferative cell activity and the clinical aspects observed in patients affected by AC through the quantification of AgNORs. Clinical significance: Knowing the potential relation between the clinical aspects of AC and the proliferative cell activity quantified by AgNORs could play a significant role toward the early diagnosis of malignant lesions in the clinical practice. Keywords: Actinic cheilitis, Proliferative cell activity, Silver-stained nucleolar organizer regions.

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