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OBJECTIVE: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) formation of lower extremities can lead to serious complications including pulmonary embolism (PE) and chronic post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS). We aimed to explore the relationship between the ratio of thrombotic density and the occurrence of PE and PTS in patients with DVT of the lower extremities. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted in patients who performed computed tomography venography, dividing into DVT with PE group (54 patients) and DVT-alone group (34 patients), The clinical data were recorded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analysis variables associated with PE. The ability of thrombosis density ratio and Wells score to diagnose PE was evaluated by using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) area under the curve (AUC). According to the treatment and follow-up results, subgroup analysis was performed, and the Villata score was used to determine the presence or absence of PTS and its severity. RESULTS: Compare with the DVT-alone group, more patients had dyspnea and chest pain in the DVT with PE group. DVT with PE group had lower the percentage of neutrophils, white blood cell count and platelet count, while had higher blood cell count, D-dimer, wells score, thrombus and thrombus density ratio. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that percentage of neutrophils (OR(95% CIs)=1.15 (1.01,1.31), P = 0.040), platelets (OR(95% CIs)=0.96 (0.93,0.99), P = 0.011), and thrombus density ratio (OR(95% CIs)=5.99 (1.96,18.35), P = 0.002) are independent predictors of PE. The Wells score and thrombosis density ratio were consistent in the diagnostic efficacy of PE. In the subgroup analysis, there was a relevance between the ratio of thrombosis density and the Villalta score. CONCLUSION: Percentage of neutrophils, platelets, and thrombus density ratio are independent predictors of PE. The thrombosis density of DVT patients may be an index to predict the risk of PE and PTS in DVT patients.

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Tick-borne diseases have become a global health concern in recent decades. Spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae have been recognized as important pathogens of human tick-borne diseases worldwide. In this study, Dermacentor everestianus (n = 646) and Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis (n = 172) ticks were collected from yaks (Bos grunniens) in Shiqu county, eastern Tibetan Plateau, China. SFG rickettsiae were identified and characterized in these ticks. A total of 49.9% (408/818) ticks were infected by Rickettsia spp. with infection rates of 58.1% (100/172) and 46.7% (308/646) detected in H. qinghaiensis and D. everestianus ticks, respectively. Furthermore, 95% of Rickettsia spp. were Rickettsia raoultii-like bacteria, and 5% were related to Candidatus Rickettsia longicornii. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that SFG rickettsiae infections were firstly reported in Shiqu county for these tick species. Our results indicated that H. qinghaiensis and D. everestianus ticks from Shiqu county became highly infected with a R. raoultii-like bacteria during their feeding process. This observation is alarming because of the zoonotic potentiality of these species. Overall, the present study detected a widespread of R. raoultii-like bacteria in ticks that are considered a serious threat to domestic animals and humans in Shiqu county. The prevalence of R. raoultii-like bacteria in human and wildlife hosts should be further investigated in the future.

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A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML version of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.

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Microbial communities of human gut directly influence health and bear adaptive potential to different geography environment and lifestyles. However, knowledge about the influences of altitude and geography on the gut microbiota of Tibetans is currently limited. In this study, fecal microbiota from 208 Tibetans across six different locations were analyzed by MiSeq sequencing; these locations included Gannan, Gangcha, Tianzhu, Hongyuan, Lhasa and Nagqu, with altitudes above sea level ranging from 2800 m to 4500 m across the Tibetan plateau. Significant differences were observed in microbial diversity and richness in different locations. At the phylum level, gut populations of Tibetans comprised Bacteroidetes (60.00%), Firmicutes (29.04%), Proteobacteria (5.40%), and Actinobacteria (3.85%) and were marked by a low ratio (0.48) of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. Analysis based on operational taxonomic unit level revealed that core microbiotas included Prevotella, Faecalibacterium, and Blautia, whereas Prevotella predominated all locations, except Gangcha. Four community state types were detected in all samples, and they mainly belong to Prevotella, Bacteroides, and Ruminococcaceae. Principal component analysis and related correspondence analysis results revealed that bacterial profiles in Tibetan guts varied significantly with increasing altitude, BMI, and age, and facultative anaerobes were rich in Tibetan guts. Gut microbiota may play important roles in regulating high-altitude and geographical adaptations.

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Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Altitud , Índice de Masa Corporal , Niño , Preescolar , Heces/microbiología , Femenino , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/genética , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis de Componente Principal , Tibet

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Objective@#To observe the efficacy of BISCOVER LV tooth liquid polish sealant and Tooth Mousse Dental protective agent on mineralization around the orthodontic brackets during orthodontic treatment. @*Methods@# 60 teeth with bonded orthodontic brackets were randomly divided into three groups, experimental group, positive control group and negative control group, they were applied separately with tooth liquid polish sealant, Tooth Mousse and distilled water. 3 groups were dipped into an artificial caries solution and an artificial saliva solution, cycling between them.90 days later,the changes of enamel surface around the brackets of all samples were detected by microhardness tester and scanning electron microscope.@*Results @#One -way ANOVA was used for statistical analyses, there was significant difference of the microhardness of acid etched enamel surface among the three groups (P < 0.05). Through the LSD-t test, there was no significant difference of the microhardness of acid etched enamel surface between experimental group and positive control group (P > 0.05), and there were significant differences of the microhardness of acid etched enamel surface in another two comparisons within the three groups (P < 0.05). A large number of deposits were found through scanning electron microscope on the dental enamel surface of the experimental group, which could make a better remineralization.@*Conclusion@#Both BISCOVER LV tooth liquid polish sealant and Tooth Mousse Dental protective agent can effectively prevent tooth enamel from demineralization around the bracket during orthodontic treatment, doctors can choose them in accordance with the compliance of the patient.