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OBJECTIVES: Although mechanical oral hygiene is widely practiced, it faces several challenges. Mouthwashes, such as chlorhexidine (CHX), are being explored as adjuncts to biofilm control, but their prolonged use has several side effects. Consequently, there is ongoing research into natural alternatives. This randomized crossover clinical study aimed to compare the antiplaque and antigingivitis efficacy of 0.12 % CHX and a 5 % Malva sylvestris. METHODS: Forty-four participants were involved in two phases, each comprising three stages with variations in the mouthwash solution used only. During the study, participants refrained from mechanical plaque removal for seven days. At first day, they received whole-mouth prophylaxis and oral health assessment. After three days, gingival inflammation assessment and prophylaxis in were performed in contralateral quadrants. Participants then used a randomly assigned mouthwash solution for four days. On the 7th day, they completed a questionnaire about their perception and appreciation of the mouthwash. Additionally, gingival inflammation and plaque index were also performed by a calibrated examiner. After a minimum 21-day washout period, participants entered the second phase, repeating the three stages. RESULTS: Results showed no statistically significant differences between the Malva sylvestris and CHX groups regarding inflammation and plaque formation. However, CHX demonstrated a significantly greater mean reduction (7th - 4th day) in gingival inflammation compared to Malva (p = 0.02) (0.01 ± 0.19 and 0.00 ± 0.19, respectively). Additionally, participants using CHX reported a more pleasant taste and considered higher plaque control perception (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, both products exhibited similar antiplaque effects, but CHX outperformed Malva in controlling gingival inflammation. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Mouthwashes with Malva sylvestris may be a good alternative, in a short-term period, to control biofilm. However, lower antigingivitis efficacy may be expected when compared to chlorhexidine.

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BACKGROUND: To assess the sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and associated factors, such as obesity and periodontitis in adults. METHODS: The study included 128 individuals aged ≥35 years with a history of a diagnosis of COVID-19 through real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), from Pelotas, Brazil. Self-report sequelae from COVID-19 were defined as the primary outcome. A questionnaire containing sociodemographic, medical, behavioral and self-report of sequelae of COVID-19 was applied. A complete periodontal clinical examination was performed. Weight and height were assessed. Uni-, bi- and multivariate analyses were performed using Poisson regression with robust variance. Additional analyses were performed considering obesity as a subgroup. RESULTS: When considering the whole sample, no statistically significant associations between sequelae of COVID-19 with periodontitis (prevalence ratio [PR]:1.14;95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 0.80-1.61) and obesity (0.93 [0.68-1.26]) were identified. In the subgroup analysis, considering only individuals with obesity, those diagnosed with generalized periodontitis had 86% higher probability to have sequelae of COVID-19 when compared to individuals with periodontal health or localized periodontitis. However, when only those without obesity were considered, no significant association with periodontal status was detected (0.82 [0.55-1.23). No significant association with periodontal status were observed when the severity of sequelae (no sequelae, 1 sequela, and >1 sequela) were considered (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Individuals diagnosed with obesity and periodontitis have a higher PR of reporting sequelae from COVID-19 compared to individuals with only obesity.

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O estudo objetivou analisar a associação entre o desempenho acadêmico e a prevalência autorrelatada de ansiedade, depressão e estresse em alunos de graduação em Odontologia de uma universidade pública brasileira.Os estudantes participaram da pesquisa por meio de um questionário disponibilizado no Google Forms,contemplando variáveis exploratórias, como idade, sexo, cor da pele, uso de ansiolíticos ou antidepressivos e atividades remuneradas. A escala traduzida e adaptada "Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21" (DASS-21) foi utilizada para aferir os sintomas de ansiedade, estresse e depressão. O desempenho acadêmico foi quantificado como baixo para notas <7 pontos e bom para≥7 pontos, considerando a média geral do estudante. Regressões logísticas foram realizadas para verificar a razão de chance entre desempenho acadêmico e os domínios da escala DASS-21. Foram feitas, também análises de subgrupo comparando o sexo dos estudantes (p<0,05).A amostra final avaliou 244 estudantes. Foi observado que os estudantes com depressão moderada apresentaram maior chance de terem baixo rendimento acadêmico, quando comparados com aqueles com depressão normal ou leve (RC:2,41; IC95%:1,10-5,29). Na análise de subgrupo foi demonstrado que, somente ao se considerar o sexo masculino, aqueles com depressão pelo menos moderada apresentaram maior chance de baixo rendimento acadêmico (RC:4,10; IC95%:1,19-14,19).O baixo rendimento acadêmico esteve significativamente associado aos estudantes comdepressão pelo menos moderada. Além disso, indivíduos do sexo masculino com depressão pelo menos moderada apresentaram maior ocorrência de baixo desempenho acadêmico (AU).

El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la asociación entre el rendimiento académico y la prevalencia autorreportada de la ansiedad, la depresión y el estrés en estudiantes de pregrado en odontología de una universidad pública brasileña. Los estudiantes participaron en la investigación a través de un cuestionario disponible en Google Forms, que contemplaba variables exploratorias como la edad, sexo, color de piel, uso de ansiolíticos o antidepresivos y actividades remuneradas. Para medir los síntomasde ansiedad, estrés y depresión se utilizó la escala traducida y adaptada "Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21" (DASS-21). El rendimiento académico se cuantificó como bajo para calificaciones <7 puntos y bueno para ≥7 puntos, considerando el promedio general del estudiante. Se realizaron regresiones logísticas para verificar la razón de posibilidades entre el rendimiento académico y los dominios de la escala DASS-21. También se realizaron análisis de subgrupos comparando el sexo de los estudiantes (p<0,05). La muestra final evaluó a 244 estudiantes. Se observó que los estudiantes con depresión moderada tenían mayor probabilidad de tener bajo rendimiento académico, en comparación con aquellos con depresión normal o leve (OR:2,41; IC95%:1,10-5,29). En el análisis de subgrupos se demostró que, considerando solo el sexo masculino, aquellos con depresión al menos moderada tenían mayor probabilidad de bajo rendimiento académico (OR:4.10; IC95%:1.19-14.19). El bajo rendimiento académico se asoció significativamente con estudiantes con depresión al menos moderada. Además, los individuos del sexo masculino con depresión al menos moderada tuvieron una mayor incidencia de bajo rendimiento académico (AU).

This study analyzed the association between academic performance and self-reported anxiety, depression and stress among undergraduate dental students at a Brazilian public university. Students participated via a questionnaire, available on Google Forms, which involved exploratory variables such as age, sex, ethnicity/skin color, use of anxiolytics or antidepressants and remunerated activities. The translated and adapted Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) was used to measure participants' symptoms of anxiety, stress and depression. Academic performance was quantified as "poor" for grades <7 points or "good" for ≥7 points, referring to the student's overall average. Logistic regressions were performed to verify the odds ratio (OR) between academic performance and the domains of the DASS-21. Subgroup analyses were also performed to compare the sex of the participants (p<0.05). The final sample evaluated 244 students. It was observed that students with moderate depression were more likely to exhibit poor academic performance when compared to those with normal or mild depression (OR:2.41; 95%CI:1.10­5.29). The subgroup analysis demonstrated that male participants with at least moderate depression had a greater chance of poor academic performance (OR:4.10;95%CI:1.19­14.19). Poor academic performance was significantly associated with students with at least moderate depression. In addition, male individuals with at least moderate depression had a higher occurrence of poor academic performance (AU).

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