RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether White, African American and Hispanic individuals with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) express differences in neurobehavioural symptoms at 1 year post-injury after adjusting for demographic and injury characteristics. DESIGN: Retrospective study. PARTICIPANTS: One thousand, three hundred and thirty-nine individuals from the TBI Model Systems National Database with primarily moderate-to-severe TBI (978 White, 288 African American and 73 Hispanic) hospitalized between 1996 and 2001. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Neurobehavioural Functioning Inventory (NFI) at 1 year post-injury. RESULTS: There were significant differences in NFI scores among the races/ethnicities for the depression, somatic, memory/attention, communication and motor subscales, after adjusting for demographic and injury characteristics; there were not significant differences in the aggression sub-scale. Hispanics had higher levels of symptom reporting than African Americans and Whites, while differences between African Americans and Whites were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Hispanics scored significantly higher than Whites and African Americans on the sub-scales of the NFI, indicating more problems in these areas. Future research should focus on identifying factors that may contribute to the difference between the groups and treatment interventions should be implemented accordingly.
Asunto(s)
Negro o Afroamericano , Lesiones Encefálicas/etnología , Depresión/etnología , Hispánicos o Latinos , Trastornos de la Memoria/etnología , Población Blanca , Adulto , Negro o Afroamericano/psicología , Negro o Afroamericano/estadística & datos numéricos , Agresión , Análisis de Varianza , Atención , Lesiones Encefálicas/complicaciones , Lesiones Encefálicas/fisiopatología , Depresión/etiología , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Hispánicos o Latinos/psicología , Hispánicos o Latinos/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Trastornos de la Memoria/etiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Tiempo , Población Blanca/psicología , Población Blanca/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
Terson syndrome is a known complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) that causes potentially reversible vision loss. It develops after SAH because of vitreous hemorrhage caused by retinal capillary disruption. Case series report an incidence of Terson syndrome in approximately 8%-15% of patients with SAH. Nonetheless, the medical literature regarding this condition is primarily found within neurosurgical and ophthalmologic journals with little mention within the rehabilitation medicine literature. Physiatrists must be aware of this clinical presentation to coordinate the care of patients with SAH who develop vision loss and develop a rehabilitation plan that addresses the co-morbid motor, sensory, and cognitive impairments. Physiatrists may be the first to identify visual loss, are well equipped to emphasize compensatory strategies, and are well positioned to coordinate surgical treatment for visual recovery in appropriate cases. In this report, we describe the case of a young woman with SAH and Terson syndrome through her acute hospital admission, rehabilitation treatment, ophthalmologic management, and outcome, describing the salient epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic workup, and treatment options.