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We developed a study to determine the ideal level of inclusion of soybean oil (SBOil) in the diet without affecting the quantitative and qualitative parameters of the carcass and meat of lambs in a feedlot system; therefore, determining the ideal level of inclusion. Forty male lambs (Santa Inês breed) were used. The initial body weight and age averaged 34.88 ± 3.19 kg and 5 months, respectively. Experimental units (lambs) were randomly distributed in 5 different diets: inclusion levels of SBOil: 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 g/kg of dry matter (DM). The SOil inclusion reduced the DM intake (P < 0.001), Total digestible nutrients (P = 0.004), and crude protein (P < 0.001). Total weight gain (P < 0.001) decreased with the SBOil inclusion and subcutaneous fat thickness (P = 0.017) showed the same behaviour. The final body weight decreased by 42.9 g/kgDM until the inclusion level of 30 g/kgDM; from this level it was reduced by 145 g/kgDM. The hot and cold carcass weights (P = 0.013) decreased by 36.6 g/kgDM after including 30 g/kgDM of SBOil. Meat physicochemical composition was not altered (P > 0.05). Lower meat tenderness values ​​were obtained at the levels of 60 and 90 g/kgDM. The inclusion above 30 g/kgDM decreased meat tenderness. It is concluded that soybean oil should be included up to 30 g/kgDM in diets. It is important to note that with diets with 60% concentrate, SBOil levels greater than 30 g/kgDM promote yield losses.

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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different traditional or alternative energy and protein sources, associated or not, on feeding behavior, ruminal kinetics, and post-ruminal flow of nutrients. Besides, it was assessed diets' effects on different sites (reticulum and omasum) of buffaloes. Four ruminally cannulated male Murrah buffaloes (average initial weight of 637 ± 66.37 kg) were randomly distributed in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Treatments were arranged as 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. The first factor evaluated was the inclusion of energy sources (ground corn and crude glycerin), and the second factor was the inclusion of protein sources (soybean meal and cottonseed cake). Buffaloes fed cottonseed cake had a higher content of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and potentially digestible detergent fiber (pdNDF) in the rumen environment than buffaloes fed soybean meal. There was a sampling site effect on rumen digestion rates of pdNDF, passage rates of indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF), and pdNDF, and flow of iNDF. In this study, omasal collections were more representative. Total replacement of ground corn by crude glycerin promoted less NDF ruminal digestibility, and care should be taken to include this energy source. The cottonseed cake does not cause a difference in rumen dynamics and can totally replace soybean meal in feedlot buffaloes' diet.

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Os objetivos desta pesquisa foi descrever o desejo de ser mãe sendo portadora do HIV e identificar seus sentimentos e percepções quanto a essa questão. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, cujo método utilizado foi a História Oral Temática e o referencial teórico metodológico foi o Materialismo Histórico Dialético, por meio da teoria da Identidade Humana de Ciampa. A pesquisa foi realizada com a participação de uma paciente de um serviço de Reprodução Humana na região metropolitana de São Paulo em agosto de 2010. Os dados coletados foram trabalhados por meio da Análise de Conteúdo. A construção consistente das categorias, elencadas aqui como personagens de acordo com o referencial teórico foram: Personagem portadora do HIV, Personagem religiosa, Personagem mãe e Personagem profissional psicóloga. Percebeu-se que os mais diversos sentimentos emergem a partir dessa situação, havendo crítica ao modelo biomédico realizado pela Enfermagem, em que não se abrangem as questões psicossociais. Conclui-se, então, que há a necessidade de o enfermeiro e de as instituições que atendem essas mulheres repensarem e adequarem o modelo de cuidado, valorizando não somente os aspectos biológicos, mas também as dimensões psicológicas e sociais...

The goal of this study was to describe the desire to be a mother while being HIV positive and identify feelings and perceptions regarding this issue. This is a qualitative research. The method which was used was thematic oral history, and the theoretical framework was the History Dialectical Materialism, through the theory of Human Identity by Ciampa. The research was conducted with a patient in a service for Human Reproduction in metropolitan São Paulo, in August 2010. The collected data were analyzed through content analysis. The consistent construction of categories, listed here as characters, according to the theoretical framework, were: Carrier of HIV Character, Religious Character, Mother Character and Psychologist Character. It was noticed that the most diverse feelings emerge from this situation, with critics to the biomedical model performed by the nurses, where psychosocial issues are not covered. It is concluded that there is a need for nurses and the institutions that treat these women to rethink and adequate the model of care, emphasizing not only biological, but also psychological and social dimensions...

Los objetivos de este estudio fueron describir el deseo de ser madre al ser VIH positivo e identificar sus sentimientos ypercepciones con respecto a este tema. Este es un método de investigación cualitativa que se utilizó la historia oraltemática y el marco teórico fue el Materialismo Histórico Dialéctico, por medio de la teoría de la identidad humanaCiampa. La encuesta se llevó a cabo con la participación de una paciente en un servicio de Reproducción Humana en elárea metropolitana de São Paulo, en agosto de 2010. Los datos recolectados fueron trabajados a través del análisis decontenido. La construcción coherente de las categorías, mencionadas anteriormente, como los personajes según el marcoteórico son: Personaje Portador de VIH, Personaje Religioso, Personaje Madre, Personaje profesional de psicología. Seobservó que los más diversos sentimientos surgen de esta situación, habiendo críticas al modelo biomédico realizado porla enfermería, el cual no cubre los problemas psicosociales. Se concluye que existe una necesidad de que las enfermeras ylas instituciones que atienden a estas mujeres, repiensen y ajusten el modelo de atención, dándole énfasis no sólobiológico, sino en dimensiones psicológicas y sociales...

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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the potential antioxidant effects of Phyllanthus niruri (P. niruri, Euphorbiaceae) tea on healthy subjects.@*METHODS@#Five non-smoking, male healthy volunteers, 20 to 31 years old, were enrolled. Each subject was treated twice, following a randomized crossover fashion regarding the ingestion of P. niruri infusion (5 g/750 mL) (tea group) or 750 mL of water (control group). Fasting venous blood samples were collected prior to and at 1, 2 and 4 h after infusion drinking. Samples were tested for plasmatic gallic acid and ascorbic acid levels, erythrocytic catalase and superoxide dismutase activities, and intracellular DCFH fluorescence in granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes.@*RESULTS@#Catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were not altered by tea ingestion. Plasma levels of gallic acid were significantly increased at 1, 2 and 4 h after P. niruri ingestion and plasma ascorbic acid at 1 h after P. niruri ingestion.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Ingestion of P. niruri tea is associated with a slight increase in antioxidant markers in human blood (ascorbic acid and gallic acid), which may contribute to its pharmacological effects.

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This study investigated the occurrence of the protozoan Perkinsus in the oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae on the coast of Bahia State, Brazil. The oysters (n = 900) were collected in February-March and July-August 2010. The Ray's fluid thioglycollate medium (RFTM) analysis of gills and rectum revealed hypnospores of Perkinsus sp. with a high mean prevalence (63%). The infection intensity varied from very light to advanced. The polymerase chain reaction confirmed Perkinsus in 87.2% of the RFTM-positive oysters. Histological analysis showed trophozoites and schizonts phagocytized by hemocytes, mainly in the intestine and the stomach epithelium.

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This paper reports the parasites found in three commercially exploited bivalve molluscs (Mytella guyanensis, Anomalocardia brasiliana and Iphigenia brasiliana) of an estuarine region of Ilhéus, south of Bahia, Brazil (14 degrees 48'23''S; 39 degrees 02'47''W). Samples of 20 individuals of each species were collected fortnightly from August 2005 to August 2006. A total of 1480 individuals was collected and processed by standard histologic techniques; the histologic sections were stained with Harris haematoxylin and eosin and examined with light microscope. The water temperature in the study area varied from 24 to 30.5 degrees C and the salinity from 0 to 23ppt. Remarkable differences were found in the parasitic community between the three mollusc species involved in the study, which occupied different habitats in the estuarine region of the Cachoeira river. The following parasites were found: intracellular rickettsia-like colonies in digestive epithelia; intracellular gregarine Nematopsis sp. in gills, mantle, gonad, digestive gland and foot muscle; sporocysts of a Bucephalidae trematode in gonads, mantle, gills, digestive gland and foot; unidentified digenetic metacercariae in digestive gland and gonad; metacestodes of Tylocephalum sp. in connective tissue in the digestive gland and in gonad; and an unidentified metazoan in mantle and intestinal lumen. No significant temporal variation in the prevalence of any parasite was detected, which could be due to the narrow temperature range of the region and the absence of patterns of salinity and rainfall variation through the year. The infestation by sporocyst was the only pathological threat detected for the studied populations because of its potential for host castration. The low infection intensity and/or prevalence of the other parasites and the lack of obvious lesions suggest that there is no other serious pathological risk for the studied mollusc populations.

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O presente estudo teve como intuito analisar a efetividade de um protocolo de higiene oral utilizado em pacientes internados em unidades de terapia intensiva. A amostra foi constituída de 30 pacientes politraumatizados, portadores de ventilação mecânica, internados por um período entre 5 e 15 dias na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva no Instituto Dr. José Frota na cidade de Fortaleza/CE. Foram realizadas medidas do índice de Placa Visível (IPV), índice de Sangramento Gengival (ISG) e índice Gengival (IG) nas faces vestibulares dos seis dentes anteriores inferiores e os valores médios inicial e final foram comparados entre si. Utilizando-se o programa Bioestat 2.0, os dados foram tabulados e analisados estatisticamente pelo teste não-paramétrico de Wilcoxon. Os resultados demonstraram que o protocolo utilizando-se aplicação tópica de cloreto de cetilpiridínio, diluído em soro fisiológico em partes iguais, 3 vezes/dia, foi suficiente para inibira formação de placa bacteriana (p<0.0l). Entretanto, não foi capaz de reduzir significativa-mente o IG e ISG (p > 0.01). O protocolo utilizado foi efetivo na redução da placa bacteriana e não exerceu efeito sobre a inflamação gengival, apesar desta ter se mantido em níveis compatíveis com saúde periodontal.

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PURPOSE--To study the prevalence of hypertension related on the exposition to the main risk factors. METHODS--We studied 153 students of the Medical Science Department of Taubaté University, aged between 17 to 35 years. The chosen method was the stratified simple aleatory sample. RESULTS--The prevalence of hypertension was 5.88 where all of them had one or more risk factor. A significant systolic blood pressure increase in male was found by comparing to the female. CONCLUSION--The risk factors considered alone, did not change the mean value of the hypertension, while the obesity when associated with one or more risk factors showed a considerable increase on the averages of diastolic blood pressure.

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