RESUMEN
PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the efficiency and safety of raltitrexed- or floxuridine (FUDR)-based transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRCLM). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 81 patients with unresectable CRCLM who failed systemic chemotherapy and were treated with TACE in our department from Oct 2014 to Oct 2017. Of these, 61 patients received TACE using raltitrexed, oxaliplatin, and pirarubicin (raltitrexed group), and 20 received TACE using FUDR, oxaliplatin, and pirarubicin (FUDR group). The objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS, from the first TACE), progression-free survival (PFS, from the first TACE), and adverse reactions were evaluated and compared between the two groups, and prognostic factors for OS were analyzed. RESULTS: The ORRs of the raltitrexed group and FUDR group were 67.2 and 45.0%, respectively (P = 0.076), and the DCRs were 86.9 and 80.0%, respectively (P = 0.452). The median OS (from first TACE) was 14.0 months in the raltitrexed group and 13.0 months in the FUDR group (P = 0.556). The median PFS (from first TACE) was 2.1 months in the raltitrexed group and 2.4 months in the FUDR group (P = 0.878). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the primary tumor site, Child-Pugh class, and combination with local ablation (RFA or CRA) were independent significant factors affecting survival. There were no significant differences in adverse reactions between the two groups (P > 0.05), and no treatment-related death occurred in either group. CONCLUSION: TACE treatment based on raltitrexed or FUDR is an efficient and safe alternative choice for treating unresectable CRCLM.
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Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administración & dosificación , Quimioembolización Terapéutica , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Floxuridina/administración & dosificación , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundario , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Quinazolinas/administración & dosificación , Tiofenos/administración & dosificación , Anciano , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efectos adversos , Femenino , Floxuridina/efectos adversos , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Quinazolinas/efectos adversos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Análisis de Supervivencia , Tiofenos/efectos adversos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The Yangtze River Delta white goat is a goat breed that can produce high quality brush hair (Type III hair) around the world. This study aimed to compare Type III hair and non-Type III hair goat skin tissues using differentially expressed proteins based on 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis technology. The differentially expressed protein spots were analyzed using the PDquest 8.0 software. Ten protein spots were detected as positive for mass spectrometric analysis based on a threshold of 2-fold change. Through matching based on Ultraflex III TOF/TOF and MASCOT database, four differentially expressed proteins were identified. Fibrinogen beta chain isoform 1 and ATP synthase beta subunit were upregulated in Type III hair, while succinyl-CoA:3-ketoacid-coenzyme A transferase 1-mitochondrial-like and actin-cytoplasmic 1 were upregulated in non-Type III hair. The 4 proteins play important roles in different aspects of hair follicle development. These findings could pave a good foundation for explaining the mechanism of forming Type III hair.
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Cabras/metabolismo , Proteínas/metabolismo , Proteómica/métodos , Piel/metabolismo , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Electroforesis en Gel Bidimensional , Masculino , Espectrometría de Masas , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Mapeo Peptídico , RíosRESUMEN
Genetic polymorphisms (C677T and A1298C) in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) were shown to be related to prostate cancer risk in previous studies; however, the results are controversial. We performed a meta-analysis of previous studies and quantitatively estimated these associations. Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library Database were searched for published case-control studies evaluating the association between C677T (or A1298C) and prostate cancer risk. Pooled associations were presented as odds ratios (ORs) along with their 95% confidence intervals. Twenty-one case control studies were identified for meta-analysis that included 21,581 participants. No significant associations were found between the MTHFR polymorphisms C677T or A1298C and prostate cancer risk in our meta-analysis. However, in subgroup analyses, the C677T CT polymorphism was associated with increased prostate cancer risk in East Asians (CT vs CC+TT: OR = 1.324, P = 0.03). The A1298C CC polymorphism in MTHFR was also linked to slightly reduced prostate cancer risk in European residents (CC vs AC+AA: OR = 0.751, P = 0.004; CC vs AA: OR = 0.768, P = 0.011), whereas it was associated with a significantly increased prostate cancer risk in Asian residents (CC vs AA: OR = 1.862, P = 0.006). The C677T CT polymorphism of MTHFR may be a risk factor for prostate cancer in East Asians. The association between the MTHFR A1298C CC genotype and prostate cancer risk may vary within different populations. Large-scale well-designed studies are required to confirm these associations.
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Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Metilenotetrahidrofolato Reductasa (NADPH2)/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Neoplasias de la Próstata/genética , Alelos , Pueblo Asiatico , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Expresión Génica , Frecuencia de los Genes , Humanos , Masculino , Oportunidad Relativa , Próstata/metabolismo , Próstata/patología , Neoplasias de la Próstata/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Próstata/etnología , Neoplasias de la Próstata/patología , Factores de Riesgo , Población BlancaRESUMEN
Evodiamine, the major alkaloid component isolated from the fruit of dried, unripened Evodia rutaecarpa Bentham, affects the plasma levels of cholecystokinin and various biological events such as gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit; these effects of evodiamine were previously investigated in male rats. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of evodiamine on average daily weight gain, rectal temperature, and expressions of genes involved in lipid metabolism in liver and adipose tissues. Evodiamine was added as a supplement, comprising 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06% of the diet fed to mice for 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks. Results showed that average daily weight gain and rectal temperature decreased significantly over time in a dose-dependent manner. Evodiamine changed expressions of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-g (PPARg) in mouse adipose and liver tissues in time- and dose-dependent manners. We found that evodiamine decreased mRNA expression of the sterol-regulatory element binding protein (SREBP-1c) and fatty acid synthase in adipose tissue. In addition, evodiamine increased expressions of hormone-sensitive lipase in both liver and adipose tissues. Interestingly, evodiamine increased the expression of triglyceride hydrolase only in adipose tissue. In conclusion, evodiamine could influence lipid metabolism through regulation of the expressions of its key genes, as well as reduce body heat and body weight.
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Tejido Adiposo/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Lipogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Lipólisis/genética , Hígado/metabolismo , Quinazolinas/administración & dosificación , Tejido Adiposo/metabolismo , Animales , Temperatura Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Dieta , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Esquema de Medicación , Lipogénesis/genética , Lipólisis/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Ratones , Quinazolinas/farmacología , Aumento de Peso/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
The established and adapted image biomarkers based on size for tumor burden measurement continue to be applied to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as size measurement can easily be used in clinical practice. However, in the setting of novel targeted therapies and liver directed treatments, simple tumor anatomical changes can be less informative and usually appear later than biological changes. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a potential to be a promising technique for assessment of HCC response to therapy. In this review, we discuss various functional MRI biomarkers that play an increasingly important role in evaluation of HCC response after treatment.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/terapia , Humanos , Interpretación de Imagen Asistida por Computador , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: To prospectively assess the role of the dynamic contrast-enhanced CT enhancement characteristics in distinguishing malignant form of benign solitary pulmonary nodules. METHODS: The study included 87 patients (59 men, 28 women; median age, 59 years) with 87 solitary pulmonary nodules. In all cases, dynamic CT images were obtained before and 20, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 120 s, 3, 5, 9, 12, 15 and 20 min after injection of contrast medium. Peak enhancement attenuation value, net enhancement attenuation value, the slope of enhancement, enhancement ratio, outflow of contrast medium (washout), washout ratio and the slope of washout ratio were assessed. Statistical analyses were performed with the Mann-Whitney test, χ(2) test, and receiver-operating characteristic curves. RESULTS: There were 52 malignant and 35 benign nodules. There were no significant differences in net enhancement value, enhancement ratio and the slope of enhancement ratio between malignant and benign nodules (P > 0.05). Malignant nodules showed smaller outflow of contrast medium than did benign nodules. With 12.4HU or lower washout as a cutoff value, the sensitivity and specificity for malignancy were 52.5 and 65.0 %, respectively. With 18.9 % or lower washout ratio as a cutoff value, sensitivity and specificity for malignancy were 60.0 and 75.0 %, respectively. With 0.0180 %/s or lower slope of washout ratio as a cutoff value, sensitivity and specificity for malignancy were 60.0 and 80.0 %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Dynamic contrast-enhanced CT is helpful in differentiating malignant from benign solitary pulmonary nodules. Smaller washout of contrast enhancement is a predictor that a lesion is malignant.