RESUMEN
Quorum sensing system regulates the expression of genes related to bacterial growth, metabolism and other behaviors by sensing bacterial density, and controls the unified action of the entire bacterial population. This mechanism can ensure the normal secretion of bacterial metabolites and the stability of the biofilm microenvironment, providing protection for the formation of biofilms and the normal growth and reproduction of bacteria. Traditional Chinese medicine, capable of quorum sensing inhibition, can inhibit the formation of bacterial biofilms, reduce bacterial resistance, and enhance the anti-infection ability of antibiotics when combined with antibiotics. In recent years, the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infections has become a research hotspot. Starting with the associations between quorum sensing, biofilm and drug-resistant bacteria, this paper reviews the relevant studies about the combined application of traditional Chinese medicines as quorum sensing inhibitors with antibiotics in the treatment of drug-resistant bacteria. This review is expected to provide ideas for the development of new clinical treatment methods and novel anti-infection drugs.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones Bacterianas , Percepción de Quorum , Humanos , Percepción de Quorum/genética , Medicina Tradicional China , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Bacterias/genética , Biopelículas , Infecciones Bacterianas/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Physical attributes of Chinese herbal extracts are determined by their chemical components, and the physical and chemical attributes jointly affect the preparation process performance and the final product quality. Therefore, in order to improve the quality control of Chinese herbal extracts, we should comprehensively study the batch-to-batch consistency of physical and chemical attributes as well as the correlations between them. This paper first explored the physical attributes affecting the preparation process performance of the compound Danshen extract and developed a method for characterizing the texture attributes. With such main chemical components as water, phenolic acids, saponins, and saccharides and texture, rheology, and other physical attributes taken into consideration, the batch-to-batch quality fluctuation of products from different production lines and time was analyzed by principal components analysis(PCA). Finally, the correlation and partial least squares(PLS) analysis was conducted, and the regression equation was established. The fitting result of the PLS model for dynamic viscosity was satisfying(R~2Y=0.857, Q~2=0.793), suggesting that the chemical components could be adjusted by the component transfer rate in the extraction process, the impurity removal rate in the alcohol precipitation process, and the water retention rate of the concentration process to meet the control of the extract dynamic viscosity. This study clarified the correlations between physical and chemical attributes of the compound Danshen extract and established a method for controlling its physical attributes based on process regulation, which would provide reference for improving the quality control of Chinese herbal extracts.
Asunto(s)
Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Salvia miltiorrhiza , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/química , Control de Calidad , Salvia miltiorrhiza/química , AguaRESUMEN
Herein, we found that serum concentration of superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) was significantly reduced in children with mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) infection. To study the roles of SOD3 in inflammatory regulation of MP infection, human A549 type II alveolar epithelial cells were stimulated with 107 CCU/ml of MP to build MP infection in vitro. Secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to assess the inflammatory response of A549 cells. Levofloxacin (LVFX) was used as an anti-inflammatory drug while recombinant TNF-α was used as an inflammatory promotor in MP-infected cells. Transcriptional activity of nuclear factor (NF)-κB was assessed by detecting protein levels of nuclear NF-κB and cytoplasm NF-κB using Western blot analysis. Our data suggested that the expression of SOD3 mRNA and protein, as well as content of SOD3 in cultured supernatant, were time-dependently inhibited in MP-infected A549 cells. However, lentiviruses-mediated SOD3 overexpression alleviated inflammatory response of MP-infected A549 cells, and prevented the unclear translocation of NF-κB, as evidenced by obviously reducing the production of IL-8 and TNF-α in cell cultured supernatant, as well as decreasing nuclear NF-κB while increasing cytoplasm NF-κB. Inspiringly, SOD3 overexpression induced anti-inflammatory effect and the inactivation of NF-κB was similar to that of 2 lg/ml of LVFX, but reversed by additional TNF-α treatment. Therefore, we can conclude that transcriptional activity of NF-jB was the underlying mechanism, by which SOD3 regulated inflammatory response in MP infection in vitro.