Asunto(s)
Serodiagnóstico del SIDA , Serodiagnóstico del SIDA/métodos , Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/congénito , Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/diagnóstico , Anticuerpos Anti-VIH/sangre , Infecciones por VIH/congénito , Infecciones por VIH/diagnóstico , Humanos , Inmunoglobulinas/sangre , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Reacción en Cadena de la PolimerasaRESUMEN
The authors have demonstrated the possibility of detecting antibodies to HIV in cadaveric blood by enzyme immunoassay, agglutination tests, dot- and immune blotting tests with Russian and imported commercial test systems. The qualitative and quantitative results of anti-HIV antibody indication, as well as of HBsAg indication in the postmortem blood sera completely coincided with the findings of the life-time tests in seronegative and HIV-infected subjects, whatever the subject's age. These results evidence the possibility of postmortem serologic diagnosis of HIV infection and AIDS in cases with lethal outcomes, if the condition was not diagnosed in life time.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Anti-VIH/análisis , Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/diagnóstico , Adulto , Anciano , Pruebas de Aglutinación , Autopsia , Niño , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/diagnóstico , Humanos , Immunoblotting , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , MasculinoRESUMEN
The significance of different serological methods and assay systems for the verification of false positive cases of HIV infection has been analyzed on the basis of materials obtained in arbitration studies. As demonstrated by this analysis, the use of such highly specific and sensitive systems as Huma-Lab, Enzygnost, Serodia and Erythrorecombinant has made it possible to obtain a reliable result as early as at the first stage of expert diagnosis in the enzyme immunoassay and the agglutination test. The methods of radioimmunoprecipitation and indirect immunofluorescence have permitted a more precise differentiation of doubtful results than that achieved by immune blotting.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Anti-VIH/sangre , Pruebas de Aglutinación/instrumentación , Pruebas de Aglutinación/normas , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Reacciones Falso Positivas , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente/instrumentación , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente/normas , Seropositividad para VIH/diagnóstico , Humanos , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas/instrumentación , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas/normas , Ensayo de Radioinmunoprecipitación/instrumentación , Ensayo de Radioinmunoprecipitación/normas , Estándares de Referencia , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadAsunto(s)
Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/prevención & control , Vacunas Virales/uso terapéutico , Anticuerpos Antivirales/biosíntesis , Humanos , Inmunoglobulinas/sangre , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/inmunología , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/terapia , Vacunas Virales/administración & dosificación , Vacunas Virales/inmunología , gammaglobulinas/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
The results of the comparative study of the immunological effectiveness of experimental samples of respiratory syncytial (RS) viral vaccine, prepared from a live attenuated strain and introduced in a single administration to young adults by the intranasal, intradermal and combined intranasal-intradermal) routes, are presented. The effectiveness of intranasal immunization was inversely related to the level of previously existing humoral (serum, secretory) antibodies. Intradermal immunization enhanced the frequency of the formation of serum antibodies in persons having had such antibodies before the introduction of RS vaccine. The most active formation of serum and secretory antibodies was ensured by the combined (intranasal-intradermal) method of the administration of live RS vaccine which proved to be particularly effective in persons having had antibodies in the blood and secretions prior to immunization.