RESUMEN

This study is the first to explore the psychosocial experience of young Portuguese adults at genetic risk for hereditary amyloid transthyretin amyloidosis with polyneuropathy (hATTR-PN). The work focuses on the developmental peculiarities of their experience with the disease. Sixteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with young adults coming for pre-symptomatic testing (PST) at a single genetics outpatient center in Portugal. The data were analyzed qualitatively. The main findings suggest that four themes mark the psychosocial experience of the young adults interviewed. The first refers to the development of psychological representations, namely beliefs, mental representations, and social perceptions about hATTR-PN. The second regards the experienced and anticipated psychosocial impacts, namely, suffering, anxiety, and relief related to the disease. The third is related to using strategies such as performing PST, strategies focused on emotional regulation and the meaning of hATTR-PN, and social strategies to deal with these impacts over time. Finally, the fourth aspect concerns the perceived and expected support for the participants' needs provided by social contexts, that is, family and genetic counseling. In a period of life also marked by qualitatively different characteristics and developmental tasks from other life cycle stages (e.g., identity explorations, instability, and independent decision-making), experience with the disease can add psychosocial challenges to young adults at risk for hATTR-PN. Genetic counseling practices and health policies can be optimized to respond to the psychosocial needs of young adults. Future research should deepen the understanding of the psychosocial experience of individuals and families with late-onset hATTR-PN to improve the clinical response in this population.

RESUMEN

In the last decades, genetics has experienced significant technological advancements worldwide. However, in Portugal, serious limitations persist, compromising the functioning of healthcare in medical genetics. This study aimed to promote sharing and discussion among genetic medical professionals, to outline concrete actions to address gaps in clinical practice. Three focus groups were conducted with 19 specialists in medical genetics. The data were analyzed using the thematic analysis method to extract the main themes from the discussions. From the analysis, four conceptual themes emerged: (i) framing Portuguese genetic services in light of the European context; (ii) improvement of medical genetics education and population literacy; (iii) transforming of medical genetics services; and (iv) operationalizing the change. The results demonstrated that increasing training resources and strengthening multiprofessional teams by hiring more genetic professionals, such as clinical geneticists, molecular geneticists, and other genetic specialists, is crucial to enhancing the responsiveness of genetic services. Integrating medical genetics into all specialties and primary care, as well as updating the national network of medical genetics, are critical points for increasing equity and enabling healthcare to be provided more fairly. Including other medical genetics professionals such as genetic counsellors, nurses and psychologists also plays a significant role in providing comprehensive and quality care. This collaborative approach aims to provide effective genetic assistance and enhance the adequacy of genetic healthcare. The findings are compiled as recommendations to support the profession moving forward that can be applied to other healthcare contexts worldwide.

RESUMEN

We investigated whether the application of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) immediately after a standardized warm-up (WU + PBMT) or traditional PBMT (no pre-warming) would influence performance in intermittent testing and intensity variables. In a counterbalanced randomized crossover design, twelve female futsal players (mean age: 23.9 ± 3.8 years) attended four sessions. Each session involved either a standardized warm-up or maintaining seated rest for five minutes. Subsequently, PBMT or placebo (with the PBMT device turned off) was applied, followed by the YoYo Intermittent Recovery Level 1 test (YYIR1) during which we assessed heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, and blood lactate levels. The performance in YYIIR1 was superior (p = 0.02) in the WU + PBMT condition (440.0 ± 59.0 m) compared to the WU + Placebo (353.3 ± 94.7 m), and placebo alone (no warm-up) (325.0 ± 67.2 m). We conclude that a combination of a specific warm-up before PBMT application improves high-intensity intermittent performance in amateur female futsal players without affecting intensity variables.

RESUMEN

In recent years, there has been a significant technological evolution in the field of genetics, leading to an increase in the number of professionals working in medical genetics and, consequently, a tremendous growth in genetic counselling. At the same time, there has been a growing recognition of the parameters on which to base a safe practice, not only regarding the technical skills of the professional but also regarding their counselling skills, including relational and empathy skills and the acknowledgement of the emotional impact that genetic counselling practice can have. However, despite this growing knowledge, there are still significant differences between the various European countries, and one area where this discrepancy is particularly evident is genetic counselling supervision. Thus, if there are countries where genetic counselling supervision is not even known by the professionals, there are others where it is mandatory for practice. This research had as an objective to understand if and how genetic counselling supervision is provided in Portugal, to identify routines, challenges and impacts of genetic counselling that should be explored in a supervision process and comprehend how professionals believe supervision should be conducted to be effective. A total of sixteen medical geneticists from main Portuguese genetic services were present in two online focus groups. None of the participants had access to genetic counselling supervision as a programmed routine and there was a consensus that a service of this kind would be particularly important for the professionals as genetic counselling has frequently challenging and emotional moments. Aspects regarding clinical supervision, the characteristics of the supervisor and the practical aspects of genetic counselling supervision implementation were also mentioned during the discussions. These results highlight the relevancy of the establishment of GC supervision routines and standardized guidelines in our country, as well as a need for evidence-based research focused on its impact at professional and practice level.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Monitoring the quality of genetic counselling is essential to ensure appropriate provision. This study describes the development and initial psychometric validation of a novel scale for genetic counselling quality evaluation by patients. A deductive approach was taken to formulate scale items. Exploratory factor analysis with the principal axis factoring method was used to assess the scale's factor structure (n = 118). Internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha) was also examined. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a single overarching construct consisting of seven factors, which account for 59% of the variance explained. Items showed, in general, strong factor loadings (>0.5). Some items focused on patient satisfaction with services provision did not load onto the factors. Thus, another factor analysis was performed with these items, which resulted in one-factor. The identified factor accounted for 57% of variance explained, and communalities were strong (≥0.5) for most items. Cronbach's alpha score for the scale was 0.85, indicating high internal consistency. Factors were significantly and moderately interrelated (from r = 0.31 to r = 0.71). Further studies are needed to establish the psychometric validity of the scale.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do exercício prévio específico sobre o desempenho em teste intermitente de alta intensidade em jogadoras de futsal e variáveis associadas. Para isso 13 jogadoras amadoras de futsal (24,1 anos; 63,6 kg; 1,61 m; IMC = 24,3 kg/m2 ; % de gordura = 27,9), de maneira cruzada, passaram por duas sessões experimentais separadas por sete dias. Em uma das sessões era realizado um exercício prévio (EP): três primeiros níveis do Yo Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYIR1) repetidos por três vezes. Na sessão controle (CON), as jogadoras permaneciam em repouso (5 min) e após, em ambas as sessões, era realizado o YYIR1 até a exaustão. Antes do início da sessão eram reportadas escalas de recuperação e dor muscular de início tardio, a frequência cardíaca (FC) foi monitorada por toda sessão e, ao término, a percepção de esforço (PSE) era registrada. As percepções de recuperação (p = 0,23) e de dor (p = 0,36) não diferiram entre as sessões EP vs. CON. A FC média durante o exercício prévio foi de 111,3 ± 7,7 bpm. A distância percorrida no YYIR1 não diferiu (p = 0,25) também entre EP (372,3 ± 103,8 m) vs. CON (341,5 ± 84,2 m), bem como a monitoração da FC (mínima, média e máxima). Entretanto, a PSE foi menor (p = 0,0008) na sessão EP (8,5 ± 0,7 UA) do que em CON (9,3 ± 0,6 UA). Assim, concluímos que o exercício prévio não influencia o desempenho intermitente de alta intensidade (YYIR1), nem as variáveis de FC. Porém, o exercício prévio gera menores níveis de percepção de esforço (intensidade interna) em comparação ao repouso antes do YYIR1. (AU)

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of specific prior exercise on performance in intermittent high intensity testing in futsal players and associated variables. For this, 13 amateur futsal players (24.1 years old; 63.6 kg; 1.61 m; BMI = 24.3 kg / m2; fat% = 27.9), in a crossed way, went through two experimental sessions separated by seven days. In one of the sessions, a previous exercise (PE) was performed: the first three levels of the Yo Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYIR1) repeated three times. In the control session (CON), the players remained at rest (5 min) and afterwards, in both sessions, YYIR1 was performed until exhaustion. Before the start of the session, recovery scales and late-onset muscle pain were reported, the heart rate (HR) was monitored throughout the session and, at the end, the perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded. The perceptions of recovery (p = 0.23) and pain (p = 0.36) did not differ between the PE vs CON. The average HR during the previous exercise was 111.3 ± 7.7 bpm. The distance covered in YYIR1 did not differ (p = 0.25) also between PE (372.3 ± 103.8 m) vs. CON (341.5 ± 84.2 m), as well as HR monitoring (minimum, average and maximum). However, the RPE was lower (p = 0.0008) in the PE session (8.5 ± 0.7 AU) than in CON (9.3 ± 0.6 AU). Thus, we conclude that the previous exercise does not influence the intermittent high intensity performance (YYIR1), nor the HR variables. However, previous exercise generates lower levels of perceived exertion (internal intensity) compared to resting before YYIR1. (AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Visando analisar as concepções sobre a saúde mental infantojuvenil de enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família, este estudo, de natureza descritivo qualitativa, foi realizado com 47 enfermeiras, nas Unidades de Saúde da Família de João Pessoa PB, e partiu dos pressupostos das Políticas Públicas de Atenção à Saúde Mental para crianças e adol escentes Para coletar os dados utilizaram se um questionário sociodemográfico e entrevistas semiestruturadas, analisadas por meio da Análise Categorial Temática de Bardin, das quais emergiram uma classe temática, três categorias e sete subcategorias. Os resultados apontaram que as concepções sobre a SMI se pautam no modelo biomédico, sem ênfase na promoção da saúde e com pouca especificidade e familiaridade com questões relativas à saúde mental dessa população.

In order to analyze Family Health Strategy nurses' conceptions of child adolescent mental health, this descriptive qualitative study was conducted with 47 nurses, in the Family Health Units of João Pessoa PB, and started from the assumptions of the Public Policies of Mental Health Care for children and adolescents. Data were collected using a questionnaire, which captured the sociodemographic data, and semi structured interviews were analyzed through Bardin's Thematic Categorical Analysis, which originated a thematic class, three categories and seven subcategories. The results showed that the conceptions a re based on the biomedical model, with no emphasis on health promotion and with little specificity and familiarity with issues related to the mental healt h of this population.

Con el fin de analizar las concepciones sobre la salud mental de niños y adolescentes en las enfermer í as de la Estrategia de Salud Familiar, este estudio descriptivo cualitativo se llevó a cabo con 47 enfermeras, en Unidades de Salud Familiar de Joao Pesso a PB, a partir de los supuestos de las Políticas Públicas de Atención de Salud Mental para niños y adolescentes. Para recopilar los datos, se utilizó un cuestionario, que capturó los datos sociodemográficos, y entrevistas semiestructuradas, analizadas a tr avés del Análisis Categórico Temático de Bardin, de la que surgieron una clase temática, tres categorías y siete subcategorías. Los resultados mostraron que las concepciones sobre SMNA se basan en el modelo biomédico, sin énfasis en la promoción de la salu d y con poca especificidad y familiaridad con los temas relacionados con la salud mental de esta población.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objectives: Teachers' stress can affect their occupational health and negatively impact classroom climate and students' well-being. This study aims to evaluate the proximal and distal effects of a mindfulness-based program, specially developed to promote teachers' social-emotional competencies (SEC), across teachers, classroom climates, and students' outcomes. Methods: The study followed a randomized trial design with two data collection points (pretest and posttest). Participants in the experimental group (EG) included 123 elementary school teachers, their 1503 students, and these students' parents (1494), while the control group (CG) comprised 105 elementary school teachers, their 947 students, and these students' parents (913). A mixed data collection strategy was used that included teachers' and students' (self-) report, observational ratings of teachers' classroom behaviors, and parents' reports on students. Results: After the intervention, EG teachers, compared to CG teachers, reported a significant increase in mindfulness and emotional regulation competencies, self-efficacy, and well-being and a decrease in burnout symptoms. Similarly, a significant improvement was found in EG teachers' classroom behaviors related to students' engagement. Additionally, significant improvements were also found in EG students' perceptions of the quality of their teachers' involvement in classroom relationships, self-reported effect, and social competencies perceived by their parents. Conclusions: These findings further the knowledge on the role played by mindfulness-based SEC interventions in reducing teachers' burnout symptoms and cultivating their SEC and well-being, in promoting a nurturing classroom climate and also in promoting the SEC and well-being of students. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12671-021-01635-3.

RESUMEN

The goal of this study was to examine vascular control after sympathetic stimulation by tyramine infusion in hypertensive rats submitted to swimming training. To this end, male rats were assigned to the following groups: sedentary (SN) and trained normotensive (TN), sedentary (SH) and trained hypertensive (TH). Arterial pressure (AP), heart rate (HR), HR variability (HRV), AP variability (APV), and cardiac autonomic function were recorded. Following, infusion of tyramine was administrated. The TN and TH showed a lower resting HR compared with their respective sedentary groups (p < .05). Pressure levels were less in TH than SH (p < .05). The TH showed a higher HRV together with a lower APV in comparison to SH (p < .05). The sympathetic modulation of HRV and APV was lower in TH than in SH (p < .05). Both trained groups presented an increased parasympathetic modulation of HRV compared with their respective sedentary groups (p < .05). The TN and TH groups had a higher vagal effect in comparison with their respective sedentary groups (p < .001). The sympathetic effect was lower in TH than in SH (p < .001). Pressor and HR responses to tyramine in different doses were attenuated in TH (p < .001). Further analysis showed a significant association between infusion of tyramine and normalized LF component of HRV (r = 0.84, p < .001), systolic APV (r = 0.58, p < .001) and diastolic APV (r = 0.49, p < .001). In conclusion, exercise training provokes less pressor response variation by tyramine infusion in hypertensive animals suggesting sympathetic nerve endings adjustments and decrease of the vasoconstrictor effect attenuates injury caused by hypertension improving cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction, which can be associated with sympathetic attenuation.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The key role of bioinformatics in explaining biological phenomena calls for the need to rethink didactic approaches at high school aligned with a new scientific reality. Despite several initiatives to introduce bioinformatics in the classroom, there is still a lack of knowledge on their impact on students' learning gains, engagement, and motivation. In this study, we detail the effects of four bioinformatics laboratories tailored for high school biology classes named "Mining the Genome: Using Bioinformatics Tools in the Classroom to Support Student Discovery of Genes" on literacy, interest, and attitudes on 387 high school students. By exploring these laboratories, students get acquainted with bioinformatics and acknowledge that many bioinformatics tools can be intuitive for beginners. Furthermore, introducing comparative genomics in their learning practices contributed for a better understanding of curricular contents regarding the identification of genes, their regulation, and how to make evolutionary assumptions. Following the intervention, students were able to pinpoint bioinformatics tools required to identify genes in a genomics sequence, and most importantly, they were able to solve genomics-related misconceptions. Overall, students revealed a positive attitude regarding the integration of bioinformatics-based approaches in their learning practices, reinforcing their added value in educational approaches.

RESUMEN

The acute improvement of performance after photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has been reported in different types of exercise. However, the effect on high-intensity and intermittent exercises that are relevant for team sports is unknown. Thus, we evaluated the effect of prior acute application of PBMT on high-intensity and intermittent exercise performance, muscle oxygenation, and physiological/perceptual indicators in amateur female futsal players. Thirteen players (24.1 ± 3.7 years) performed a testing battery (countermovement jump (CMJ), Illinois agility and YoYo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYIR1)) preceded by 15 min of PBMT (1 min 30 s each muscular point; five muscular points in each lower limbs) or 15 min of placebo (SHAM), in a counterbalanced randomized cross-over design (one-week in-between PBMT/SHAM). All test performance did not differ (p > 0.05) between PBMT and SHAM, as well as blood lactate, rating of perceived exertion, heart rate, and muscle oxygenation (via near infrared spectroscopy) responses. The acute application of PBMT prior to a physical testing battery does not influence high-intensity and intermittent exercises performance, neither physiological nor perceptual responses in amateur female futsal players.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objetivo: compreender as representações sociais e experiências das gestantes que frequentam serviços especializados em gestação de alto risco. Método: estudo qualitativo, realizado com mulheres em assistência pré-natal de um serviço público especializado em Gestação de Cuidados Especiais de um município mineiro de médio porte. A coleta de dados ocorreu, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada na qual se utilizou as noções da Teoria das Representações Sociais e os dados organizados, por meio da Análise Estrutural de Narração, para realizar a interpretação das respostas. Resultado: as representações encontradas estão em torno das ideias relacionadas ao risco presente nas gestações e à experiência vivenciada nos atendimentos realizados nos serviços de referência, emergindo da análise três categorias temáticas: representações relacionadas ao modelo biomédico, representações relacionadas ao medo e representações relacionadas à morte. Conclusão: como consequência desse estudo, foi possível evidenciar que as representações das gestantes de alto risco giraram em torno de sentimentos de medo relacionado à gestação e da morte em decorrência dos agravos da condição de risco, além da valorização do modelo biomédico e do profissional de medicina em detrimento do trabalho em equipe multiprofissional e da promoção da saúde.(AU)

Objective: to understand the social representations and experiences of pregnant women who attend specialized services in high-risk pregnancies. Method: qualitative study carried out with women in prenatal care from a public service specializing in Special Care Gestation in a medium-sized town in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data collection through a semi-structured interview in which the notions of the Theory of Social Representations and the data organized through the Structural Narration Analysis were used to interpret the responses. Result: the representations are around the ideas related to the risk present in pregnancies and the experience lived in the care provided in reference services, emerging from the analysis three thematic categories: representations related to the biomedical model, representations related to fear and representations related to death. Conclusion: as a result of this study, it was possible to show that the representations of high-risk pregnant women revolved around feelings of fear related to pregnancy and death due to the worsening of the risk condition, in addition to the valorization of the biomedical model and the health professionals in detriment of multiprofessional teamwork and health promotion (AU)

Objetivo: comprender las representaciones sociales y las experiencias de las mujeres embarazadas que asisten a servicios especializados en embarazos de alto riesgo. Método: estudio cualitativo, realizado con mujeres en atención prenatal de un servicio público especializado en gestación de atención especial en una ciudad mediana de Minas Gerais. La recopilación de datos se realizó a través de una entrevista semiestructurada en la que se utilizaron las nociones de la Teoría de las representaciones sociales y los datos organizados a través del Análisis estructural de la narración para interpretar las respuestas. Resultado: las representaciones encontradas giran en torno a las ideas relacionadas con el riesgo presente en los embarazos y la experiencia vivida en la atención prestada en los servicios de referencia, emergiendo del análisis tres categorías temáticas: representaciones relacionadas con el modelo biomédico, representaciones relacionadas con el miedo y representaciones relacionadas con la muerte. Conclusión: Como resultado de este estudio, fue posible mostrar que las representaciones de mujeres embarazadas de alto riesgo giraban en torno a sentimientos de miedo relacionados con el embarazo y la muerte debido al empeoramiento de la condición de riesgo, además de la valorización del modelo biomédico y el profesional de la salud. medicina en detrimento del trabajo en equipo multiprofesional y la promoción de la salud (AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Parenting stress is generally associated with poorer psychological adjustment in caregivers and children with chronic illness. Although parenting stress in pediatric cancer has been previously demonstrated, few studies have investigated this problem when treatments end. The present study aimed to describe disease-related parenting stress in the post-treatment phase of pediatric cancer, and to analyze the role of parents' age and education, family functioning, and perceived child vulnerability in predicting disease-related parenting stress. The study comprised 56 parents of children with cancer, in the post-treatment phase, who completed a clinical and demographic questionnaire, as well as the Pediatric Inventory for Parents, assessing parenting stress, the Child Perceived Vulnerability Scale, and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale-Version IV. Results revealed that the level of disease-related parenting stress in the post-treatment phase was still significant. Emotional stress scores were especially high, further showing that parents' concerns in this phase focus mainly on the long-term impact of the disease and treatments, involving intense feelings of fear and uncertainty. A model with four predictors was tested using regression analysis, which explained 57% of parenting stress variance. More specifically, findings indicated that parental age and education significantly predicted parenting stress, accounting for over one-third of the variance in this outcome. Family functioning and perceived child vulnerability explained an additional 18% of parenting stress. Findings of this study suggest that even when treatment ends, there is still the need for continued support in order to assist parents' ability to deal with the implications of having a child who had cancer. Importantly, special attention should be given in clinical practice to the family functioning and to parents' beliefs about their child's vulnerability.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Abstract Background: Kaolin may improve quail performance by maintaining intestinal integrity and improving nutrient absorption. Objective: To evaluate the overall performance, egg quality, moisture, nitrogen and calcium content in the excreta, intestinal morphology and financial analysis of kaolin in Japanese quail feed during the production phase. Methods: A total of 192 Japanese quails, distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six repetitions with eight birds each, were used. Kaolin levels added to the diet were 0, 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5%. Results: Kaolin reduced feed consumption. Additionally, egg production, feed conversion and viability increased. Moisture, nitrogen and calcium in the excreta decreased. Height and width of the intestinal villi increased with increasing levels of kaolin in the diet. Kaolin had no effect on egg quality. Inclusion level of 1.5% kaolin allowed for greater economic gains. Conclusion: Kaolin improved performance, intestinal morphology, and reduced the moisture, nitrogen and calcium contents in the excreta. Egg quality remained unchanged with the addition of kaolin, and the best economic response resulted with the addition 1.5% kaolin.

Resumen Antecedentes: El caolín puede mejorar el rendimiento de la codorniz al mantener la integridad intestinal y una mayor absorción de nutrientes. Objetivo: Evaluar el rendimiento general, calidad del huevo, humedad, contenido de nitrógeno y calcio en la excreta, morfología intestinal, y realizar un análisis financiero de la inclusion de caolín en el alimento de codorniz japonesa durante la fase de producción. Métodos: Se utilizaron un total de 192 codornices japonesas, distribuidas en un diseño completamente al azar con cuatro tratamientos y seis repeticiones con ocho aves cada una. Los niveles de caolín agregado a la dieta fueron 0; 1,5; 3,0; y 4,5%. Resultados: El caolin redujo el consumo de alimento, hubo una mejora en el porcentaje de huevos producidos, la conversión del alimento y la viabilidad, Los niveles de humedad, nitrógeno y calcio en la excreta disminuyeron, la altura y el ancho de las vellosidades intestinales aumentaron con la inclusión de niveles crecientes de caolín. No hubo efecto sobre la calidad del huevo. Los niveles de inclusión de 1,5% de caolín permitieron mayores ganancias económicas. Conclusión: El caolín mejoró el rendimiento, la morfología intestinal y redujo los contenidos de humedad, nitrógeno y calcio en las excretas. La calidad de los huevos producidos se mantuvo sin cambios con la adición de diferentes niveles de caolín, y el mejor nivel de inclusion de caolín -según el análisis económico- fue de 1,5%.

Resumo Antecedentes: O caulim pode melhorar o desempenho de codornas mantendo a integridade intestinal e maior absorção de nutrientes. Objetivo: Avaliar o desempenho global, a qualidade do ovo, a umidade, o teor de nitrogênio e cálcio na excreta, a morfologia intestinal e a análise financeira do caulim em codornas japonesas durante a fase de produção. Métodos: Foram utilizadas 192 codornas japonesas, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos e seis repetições, com oito aves cada. Os níveis de caulim adicionados à dieta foram 0; 1,5; 3,0; 4,5%. Resultados: O consumo de ração foi reduzido, houve melhora na porcentagem de ovos produzidos, conversão alimentar e viabilidade, os níveis de umidade, nitrogênio e cálcio nas excretas diminuíram, a altura e a largura das vilosidades intestinais aumentaram com a inclusão de níveis crescentes de caulim. Não houve efeito na qualidade do ovo. Os níveis de inclusão de 1,5% de caulim permitiram maiores ganhos econômicos. Conclusão: O caulim melhorou o desempenho, a morfologia intestinal e reduziu os teores de umidade, nitrogênio e cálcio na excreta. A qualidade dos ovos produzidos permaneceu inalterada com a adição de diferentes níveis de caulim, e o melhor nível de caulim, de acordo com a análise econômica, foi de 1,5% como aditivo para as codornas japonesas.

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationships between serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) levels and heart rate variability (HRV) among different age groups. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Forty-five healthy men were divided into 3 groups: young age (YA; 20-39 yrs; n = 15), middle age (MA; 40-59 yrs; n = 15) and old age (OA; ≥ 60 yrs; n = 15). Hemodynamic parameters, linear analyses of HRV and concentrations of cortisol and DHEA-S were measured at rest. RESULTS: The OA group presented a higher resting heart rate (84.3 ± 4.6 bpm) than the YA group (72.0 ± 4.4 bpm; p < 0.05). The YA group showed an attenuated variance of HRV (2235.1 ± 417.9 ms2) compared to the MA (1014.3 ± 265.2 ms2; p < 0.05) and OA (896.3 ± 274.1 ms2; p < 0.05) groups, respectively. The parasympathetic modulation of HRV was lower in both the MA (244.2 ± 58.0 ms2) and OA (172.8 ± 37.9 ms2) groups in comparison with the YA group (996.0 ± 255.4 ms2; p < 0.05), while serum DHEA-S levels were significantly lower in both the MA (91.2 ± 19.6 mg/dL) and OA (54.2 ± 17.7 mg/dL) groups compared to the YA group (240.0 ± 50.8 mg/dL; p < 0.05). A positive correlation between lower serum concentrations of DHEA-S and attenuated variance of HRV (r = 0.47, p = 0.031), as well as lower serum concentrations of DHEA-S and decreased parasympathetic modulation of HRV (r = 0.54, p = 0.010), were found. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that the decline of plasma DHEA-S is associated with reduced cardiac autonomic modulation during the aging process.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the relationships between serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) levels and heart rate variability (HRV) among different age groups. Subjects and methods: Forty-five healthy men were divided into 3 groups: young age (YA; 20-39 yrs; n = 15), middle age (MA; 40-59 yrs; n = 15) and old age (OA; ≥ 60 yrs; n = 15). Hemodynamic parameters, linear analyses of HRV and concentrations of cortisol and DHEA-S were measured at rest. Results: The OA group presented a higher resting heart rate (84.3 ± 4.6 bpm) than the YA group (72.0 ± 4.4 bpm; p < 0.05). The YA group showed an attenuated variance of HRV (2235.1 ± 417.9 ms2) compared to the MA (1014.3 ± 265.2 ms2; p < 0.05) and OA (896.3 ± 274.1 ms2; p < 0.05) groups, respectively. The parasympathetic modulation of HRV was lower in both the MA (244.2 ± 58.0 ms2) and OA (172.8 ± 37.9 ms2) groups in comparison with the YA group (996.0 ± 255.4 ms2; p < 0.05), while serum DHEA-S levels were significantly lower in both the MA (91.2 ± 19.6 mg/dL) and OA (54.2 ± 17.7 mg/dL) groups compared to the YA group (240.0 ± 50.8 mg/dL; p < 0.05). A positive correlation between lower serum concentrations of DHEA-S and attenuated variance of HRV (r = 0.47, p = 0.031), as well as lower serum concentrations of DHEA-S and decreased parasympathetic modulation of HRV (r = 0.54, p = 0.010), were found. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that the decline of plasma DHEA-S is associated with reduced cardiac autonomic modulation during the aging process.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To compare motivational interviewing (MI) with conventional care regarding the health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) of adolescents with overweight/obesity. METHODS: RCT with parallel design, involving two groups: intervention group (MI group [MIG]) and control group (conventional intervention group [CIG]). The intervention included three 30-minute interviews 3 months apart. OUTCOME: Change in Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) scores. A mixed repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to assess group versus time interactions. RESULTS: Eighty-three participants finished the protocol (82% girls). MIG participants showed a significant average increase (+4.7) on the Psychosocial (t[41] = -2.388, p = .022, d = .37) and Emotional Subscales (+5.1) (t[41] = 5.733, p < .001, d = .88). CIG participants showed a significant average decrease on the Psychosocial (-6.1) (t[40] = 5.733, p < .001, d = .90), Emotional (-14.1) (t[40] = 7.249, p < .001, d = 1.13) and Social Subscales (-3.8) (t[40] = 3.782, p = .001, d = .59) and on the Total Score (-4.4) (t[40] = 3.535, p = .001, d = .55) CONCLUSION: MI improved HRQoL among overweight adolescents participating in a weight management program. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: MI increases HRQoL and has the potential to benefit weight management programs for adolescents.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Este estudo analisou o papel das variáveis motivacionais na adesão à prevenção do câncer do colo do útero. Participaram da pesquisa 399 estudantes universitárias que responderam a um questionário em que avaliaram fatores de adesão à prevenção do câncer, incluindo variáveis sociodemográficas, nível de conhecimento sobre o câncer e variáveis motivacionais. Os resultados mostraram que as variáveis motivacionais explicam de 34% a 54% da variância (p < 0,001) da intenção de adesão aos comportamentos de prevenção (exames de Papanicolau, uso de preservativo e restrição do número de parceiros sexuais) e são também um preditor significativo do envolvimento efetivo nesses comportamentos (odds ratios: 0,33 - 5,83; p < 0,05). O estudo evidencia a importância de considerar quer as variáveis motivacionais facilitadoras (autoeficácia e construção da intenção de adesão), quer as debilitantes (custos emocionais) no planejamento e avaliação de intervenções de educação para a saúde, com vistas a maximizar a adesão à prevenção do câncer do colo do útero.

This study examined the role of motivation in young women's adherence to cervical cancer prevention. A total of 399 college female students completed a questionnaire that assessed a variety of factors influencing adherence to cancer prevention, including sociodemographic, knowledge and motivational variables. Results showed that motivation significantly predicted the intention to engage in the various preventive behaviors (Pap test, use of condoms, and restriction of the number of sexual partners), explaining 34% to 54% of the variance (p < 0.001), as well as the effective engagement in those preventive behaviors (odds ratio between 0.33 - 5.83; p < 0.05). These findings have important implications for designing and evaluating health education interventions to increase adherence to cervical cancer prevention by suggesting they should target both enhancing facilitating motivation (specifically, self-efficacy and building intention to engage in preventive behaviors) and decreasing debilitating motivation (specifically, emotional costs), thereby maximizing program efficacy.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Evidence shows that living with diabetes during adolescence is a challenging expe-rience. Besides the disease and treatment implications, it is important to compre-hend how young people make sense of and manage their illness. Illness percep-tions have been associated with a range of physical and mental health outcomes in adolescents with chronic disease. In order to contribute to a better understanding of the adolescent's experiences with diabetes, this study aimed at1 describing ill-ness perceptions of young people with diabetes2; understanding whether and in what ways, an in-depth analysis of the adolescent's narratives, offers additional in-sight into their experience of living with diabetes. Participants were 32 adolescents with diabetes, aged 12 to 18 years, who com-pleted the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire and wrote a text about "What it is like to have diabetes". Narratives were analysed with thematic analysis and illustrate how adolescents experience their disease, and the strategies adopted by them to maintain a sense of normalcy. Significant associations with the scores for illness perceptions were found, as for example, adolescents who reported a better understanding of their illness, eva-luated the experience of having diabetes as less restrictive (r = -0,445; p = 0.011). The use of narratives proved very informative on the adolescent's experiences with diabetes. For clinical interventions aimed to promote the adaptation of young people with diabetes, this study findings address the need to focus on normalizing their lives, and to promote more positive illness beliefs and coping strategies, to balance the restrictive impact that diabetes has on adolescent's lives

No disponible

Asunto(s)