RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To assess age differences in children's beliefs about the long-term health effects of alcohol and cocaine, to use such beliefs to predict attitudes toward and intentions to use these substances, and to establish whether accurate beliefs are more predictive than inaccurate ones. METHODS: Children ages 6 to 12 (N: = 217) responded to an open-ended question about the effects of long-term alcohol and cocaine use and to 12 structured questions asking whether each produces alcohol-like, cocaine-like, and tobacco-like effects. RESULTS: Differentiation among alcohol, cocaine, and tobacco effects was limited but increased with age. Beliefs about health effects had no impact on alcohol attitudes and intentions, but intentions to drink were stronger among older and white children. Anti-cocaine attitudes and intentions were associated with being older and non-White and with having accurate knowledge of cocaine's true health effects-but also with believing falsely that cocaine has tobacco-like effects and that drugs in general have catastrophic effects. CONCLUSIONS: With age, and as predicted by Werner's orthogenetic principle, children differentiated more sharply between substances. Although negative misconceptions can contribute to anti-drug attitudes and intentions, children should nonetheless be taught about the distinct effects of different substances on health.
Asunto(s)
Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas , Actitud Frente a la Salud , Conducta Infantil/psicología , Trastornos Relacionados con Cocaína , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/prevención & control , Niño , Trastornos Relacionados con Cocaína/prevención & control , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Amyloidosis is an end point of several diseases in which the unifying characteristic is the association and extracellular deposition of the insoluble protein fibrils within various tissues and organs. We have discussed a variety of clinical findings of primary amyloidosis with emphasis on its otolaryngologic manifestations. This case represents the second report in the literature of a neck mass resulting from a plasma cell dyscrasia and the first report of AL disease producing such extensive cervical lymphadenopathy as to cause significant respiratory compromise.
Asunto(s)
Amiloidosis/diagnóstico , Disnea/etiología , Enfermedades Linfáticas/etiología , Cuello , Anciano , Amiloidosis/complicaciones , Resultado Fatal , Humanos , Enfermedades Linfáticas/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Cuello/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
After 1 month of monitoring the drug regimens of 25 randomly selected skilled nursing facility patients, clinically trained pharmacists were able to decrease the total number of medications from an average of 6.0 medications per patient to 4.2 medications per patient. Not only was the number of prescribed medications decreased, but also the total number of administered doses was decreased by 18.6%. The potential additive savings to the state of Washington through decreases in the number of state-funded medications, and to the skilled nursing facilities through decreases in nursing medication administration time, amount to $0.40 per patient per day or approximately $1.7 million annually.