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1.
Environ Sci Technol ; 2024 Sep 18.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39291625

RESUMEN

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas with various production pathways. N2O reductase (N2OR) is the primary N2O sink, but the distribution of its gene clades, typically nosZI and atypically nosZII, along urbanization gradients remains poorly understood. Here we sampled soils from forests, parks, and farmland across eight provinces in eastern China, using high-throughput sequencing to distinguish between two N2O-reducing bacteria clades. A deterministic process mainly determined assemblies of the nosZI communities. Homogeneous selection drove nosZI deterministic processes, and both homogeneous and heterogeneous selection influenced nosZII. This suggests nosZII is more sensitive to environmental changes than nosZI, with significant changes in community structure over time or space. Ecosystems with stronger anthropogenic disturbance, such as urban areas, provide diverse ecological niches for N2O-reducing bacteria (especially nosZII) to adapt to environmental fluctuations. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and correlation analyses revealed that pH significantly influences the community composition of both N2O-reducing bacteria clades. This study underscores urbanization's impact on N2O-reducing bacteria in urban soils, highlighting the importance of nosZII and survival strategies. It offers novel insights into the role of atypical denitrifiers among N2O-reducing bacteria, underscoring their potential ecological importance in mitigating N2O emissions from urban soils.

2.
World J Diabetes ; 15(6): 1353-1366, 2024 Jun 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38983830

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Obesity in children and adolescents is a serious problem, and the efficacy of exercise therapy for these patients is controversial. AIM: To assess the efficacy of exercise training on overweight and obese children based on glucose metabolism indicators and inflammatory markers. METHODS: The PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched for randomized controlled trials related to exercise training and obese children until October 2023. The meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software to evaluate the efficacy of exercise therapy on glucose metabolism indicators and inflammatory markers in obese children. RESULTS: In total, 1010 patients from 28 studies were included. Exercise therapy reduced the levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) [standardized mean difference (SMD): -0.78; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.24 to -0.32, P = 0.0008], fasting insulin (FINS) (SMD: -1.55; 95%CI: -2.12 to -0.98, P < 0.00001), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (SMD: -1.58; 95%CI: -2.20 to -0.97, P < 0.00001), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (SMD: -1.31; 95%CI: -2.07 to -0.55, P = 0.0007), C-reactive protein (CRP) (SMD: -0.64; 95%CI: -1.21 to -0.08, P = 0.03), and leptin (SMD: -3.43; 95%CI: -5.82 to -1.05, P = 0.005) in overweight and obese children. Exercise training increased adiponectin levels (SMD: 1.24; 95%CI: 0.30 to 2.18, P = 0.01) but did not improve tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels (SMD: -0.80; 95%CI: -1.77 to 0.18, P = 0.11). CONCLUSION: In summary, exercise therapy improves glucose metabolism by reducing levels of FBG, FINS, HOMA-IR, as well as improves inflammatory status by reducing levels of IL-6, CRP, leptin, and increasing levels of adiponectin in overweight and obese children. There was no statistically significant effect between exercise training and levels of TNF-α. Additional long-term trials should be conducted to explore this therapeutic perspective and confirm these results.

3.
J Med Internet Res ; 26: e52341, 2024 Jun 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38861710

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death globally. In addition, 20% to 40% of the patients with CHD have comorbid mental health issues such as anxiety or depression, affecting the prognosis and quality of life (QoL). Mobile health (mHealth) interventions have been developed and are widely used; however, the evidence for the effects of mHealth interventions on QoL, anxiety, and depression in patients with CHD is currently ambiguous. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of mHealth interventions on QoL, anxiety, and depression in patients with CHD. METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases from inception to August 12, 2023. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials that involved patients with CHD who received mHealth interventions and that reported on QoL, anxiety, or depression outcomes. We used the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials to evaluate the risk of bias in the studies, ensuring a rigorous and methodologically sound analysis. Review Manager (desktop version 5.4; The Cochrane Collaboration) and Stata MP (version 17.0; StataCorp LLC) were used to conduct the meta-analysis. The effect size was calculated using the standardized mean difference (SMD) and its 95% CI. RESULTS: The meta-analysis included 23 studies (5406 participants in total) and showed that mHealth interventions significantly improved QoL in patients with CHD (SMD 0.49, 95% CI 0.25-0.72; Z=4.07; P<.001) as well as relieved their anxiety (SMD -0.46, 95% CI -0.83 to -0.08; Z=2.38; P=.02) and depression (SMD -0.34, 95% CI -0.56 to -0.12; Z=3.00; P=.003) compared to usual care. The subgroup analyses indicated a significant effect favoring the mHealth intervention on reducing anxiety and depressive symptoms compared to usual care, especially when (1) the intervention duration was ≥6 months (P=.04 and P=.001), (2) the mHealth intervention was a simple one (only 1 mHealth intervention was used) (P=.01 and P<.001), (3) it was implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic (P=.04 and P=.01), (4) it was implemented in low- or middle-income countries (P=.01 and P=.02), (5) the intervention focused on mental health (P=.01 and P=.007), and (6) adherence rates were high (≥90%; P=.03 and P=.002). In addition, comparing mHealth interventions to usual care, there was an improvement in QoL when (1) the mHealth intervention was a simple one (P<.001), (2) it was implemented in low- or middle-income countries (P<.001), and (3) the intervention focused on mental health (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of the existing evidence, mHealth interventions might be effective in improving QoL and reducing anxiety and depression in patients with CHD. However, large sample, high-quality, and rigorously designed randomized controlled trials are needed to provide further evidence. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42022383858; https://tinyurl.com/3ea2npxf.


Asunto(s)
Ansiedad , Enfermedad Coronaria , Depresión , Calidad de Vida , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Telemedicina , Humanos , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Enfermedad Coronaria/psicología , Enfermedad Coronaria/complicaciones , Enfermedad Coronaria/terapia , Depresión/terapia , Depresión/psicología , Ansiedad/terapia , Ansiedad/psicología , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad
4.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl ; 63(17): e202401434, 2024 Apr 22.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38425264

RESUMEN

Traditional H2O2 cleavage mediated by macroscopic electron transfer (MET) not only has low utilization of H2O2, but also sacrifices the stability of catalysts. We present a non-redox hydroxyl-enriched spinel (CuFe2O4) catalyst with dual Lewis acid sites to realize the homolytic cleavage of H2O2. The results of systematic experiments, in situ characterizations, and theoretical calculations confirm that tetrahedral Cu sites with optimal Lewis acidity and strong electron delocalization can synergistically elongate the O-O bonds (1.47 Š→ 1.87 Å) in collaboration with adjacent bridging hydroxyl (another Lewis acid site). As a result, the free energy of H2O2 homolytic cleavage is decreased (1.28 eV → 0.98 eV). H2O2 can be efficiently split into ⋅OH induced by hydroxyl-enriched CuFe2O4 without MET, which greatly improves the catalyst stability and the H2O2 utilization (65.2 %, nearly 2 times than traditional catalysts). The system assembled with hydroxyl-enriched CuFe2O4 and H2O2 affords exceptional performance for organic pollutant elimination. The scale-up experiment using a continuous flow reactor realizes long-term stability (up to 600 mL), confirming the tremendous potential of hydroxyl-enriched CuFe2O4 for practical applications.

5.
Small ; 20(8): e2307547, 2024 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37814367

RESUMEN

The sluggish four-electron oxygen evolving reaction is one of the key limitations of photoelectrochemical water decomposition. Optimizing the binding of active sites to oxygen in water and promoting the conversion of *O to *OOH are the key to enhancing oxygen evolution reaction. In this work, W-doped Cu2 V2 O7 (CVO) constructs corner-sharing tetrahedrally coordinated W-V dual active sites to induce the generation of electron deficiency active centers, promote the adsorption of ─OH, and accelerate the transformation of *O to *OOH for water splitting. The photocurrent obtained by the W-modified CVO photoanode is 0.97 mA cm-2 at 1.23 V versus RHE, which is much superior to that of the reported CVO. Experimental and theoretical results show that the excellent catalytic performance may be attributed to the formation of synergistic dual active sites between W and V atoms, and the introduction of W ions reduces the charge migration distance and prolongs the lifetime of photogenerated carriers. Meanwhile, the electronic structure in the center of the d-band is modulated, which leads to the redistribution of the electron density in CVO and lowers the energy barrier for the conversion of the rate-limiting step *O to *OOH.

6.
Small ; 20(15): e2306600, 2024 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38009782

RESUMEN

2D Bi2O2Se has recently garnered significant attention in the electronics and optoelectronics fields due to its remarkable photosensitivity, broad spectral absorption, and excellent long-term environmental stability. However, the development of integrated Bi2O2Se photodetector with high performance and low-power consumption is limited by material synthesis method and the inherent high carrier concentration of Bi2O2Se. Here, a type-I heterojunction is presented, comprising 2D Bi2O2Se and lead-free bismuth perovskite CsBi3I10, for fast response and broadband detection. Through effective charge transfer and strong coupling effect at the interfaces of Bi2O2Se and CsBi3I10, the response time is accelerated to 4.1 µs, and the detection range is expanded from ultraviolet to near-infrared spectral regions (365-1500 nm). The as-fabricated photodetector exhibits a responsivity of 48.63 AW-1 and a detectivity of 1.22×1012 Jones at 808 nm. Moreover, efficient modulation of the dominant photocurrent generation mechanism from photoconductive to photogating effect leads to sensitive response exceeding 103 AW-1 for heterojunction-based photo field effect transistor (photo-FETs). Utilizing the large-scale growth of both Bi2O2Se and CsBi3I10, the as-fabricated integrated photodetector array demonstrates outstanding homogeneity and stability of photo-response performance. The proposed 2D Bi2O2Se/CsBi3I10 perovskite heterojunction holds promising prospects for the future-generation photodetector arrays and integrated optoelectronic systems.

7.
Artículo en Chino | WPRIM (Pacífico Occidental) | ID: wpr-1020477

RESUMEN

Objective:To explore the latent profile of discharge readiness of patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide theoretical basis for individualized management of discharge readiness in patients with lower limb arteriosclerosis obliterans.Methods:From February 2022 to December 2022, 194 patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans of lower limbs who received surgical treatment in the vascular surgery department of Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University were investigated by using general information questionnaire, Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale, Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale and Family APGAR Index for a cross-sectional survey. Latent profile analysis was used to identify different categories, and Logistic regression analysis was used to explore its influencing factors.Results:Totally 182 valid questionnaires were collected, of which 127 males and 55 females, and patients over 60 years old were the majority, accounting for 81.9%. Three latent profile models were identified in this study, namely, low discharge readiness group (27.47%), medium discharge readiness-high expected support group (41.21%) and high discharge readiness group (31.31%). Logistic regression analysis showed that first hospitalization ( OR=19.218, 95% CI 2.949-125.237), the quality of discharge guidance ( OR=0.896, 95% CI 0.857-0.937) were the predictive factors of medium discharge readiness-high expected support group ( P<0.05); family function ( OR=0.185, 95% CI 0.097-0.353) and the quality of discharge guidance ( OR=0.823, 95% CI 0.764-0.888) were the predictive factors of the low discharge readiness group of patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans (all P<0.05). Conclusions:There are different types of discharge readiness of patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans, and patients with poor quality of discharge guidance and poor family function are more likely to have a trend of low discharge readiness. Patients with low quality discharge guidance and first hospitalization are more likely to have a trend of moderate discharge readiness-high expected support. For this kind of patients, medical staff should take corresponding measures to improve their readiness for discharge.

8.
Artículo en Chino | WPRIM (Pacífico Occidental) | ID: wpr-1022360

RESUMEN

Objective:To summarize the clinical characteristics and first aid measures of children with drowning,and to provide scientific basis for the treatment and prevention of drowning in children.Methods:The clinical data of drowning children admitted to the Children's Medical Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University(Hunan Provincial People's Hospital)from January 2011 to December 2021 were retrospectively summarized. Baseline characteristics,prehospital emergency care and prognosis of the included children were analyzed.According to the time span, drowning children were divided into two stages, the first stage (2011-2016) and the second stage (2017-2021). According to cerebral performance category assessment scale,drowning children with cardiac arrest were divided into two groups: a group with good neurological prognosis and a group with poor neurological prognosis. The baseline characteristics,pre-hospital emergency care, and prognosis of drowning children during different periods and with different prognosis were analyzed.Results:A total of 53 children were enrolled during the study period,with 24 cases in the first phase(2011-2016)and 29 cases in the second phase(2017-2021).Boys accounted for 73.6%(39/53)of the cases, the age ranged from 1 month and 24 days to 14 years old,with 1-4 years old being the most common,accounting for 58.5%(31/53), and the season in which drowning occurred was more common in the summer(39.6%, 21/53).Six cases (11.3%) had significant neurological sequelae, and the mortality rate was 3.8%(2/53).There was a decrease in the proportion of drowning with water control in the second stage compared to the first stage(37.5% vs. 13.79%, P=0.046).Thirty-two(60.4%)children experienced on-site cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) after drowning,with 24 cases in the group with good neurological prognosis and 8 cases in the group with poor neurological prognosis.Children in the poor neurological prognosis group required CPR for a long duration [10.00(1.50, 25.00)min],had lower body temperature,Glasgow Coma Score,pH and higher blood glucose levels on admission(all P < 0.05). Conclusion:Drowning is most common in preschool children,common in boys,and drowning prevention measures for young children deserve focused attention. Children found to be in cardiac arrest at the time of drowning have a long duration of drowning and CPR,which predicts a poor neurological prognosis,and timely and effective on-site CPR is the key to reducing the drowning rate.

9.
Water Res ; 249: 121008, 2024 Feb 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38096729

RESUMEN

Phytoremediation, which is commonly carried out through hydroponics and substrate-based strategies, is essential for the effectiveness of nature-based engineered solutions aimed at addressing excess nitrogen in aquatic ecosystems. However, the performance and mechanisms of plants involving nitrogen removal between different strategies need to be deeply understood. Here, this study employed in-situ cultivation coupled with static nitrogen tracing experiments to elucidate the influence of both strategies on plant traits associated with nitrogen removal. The results indicated that removal efficiencies in plants with substrate-based strategies for ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen were 30.51-71.11 % and 16.82-99.95 %, respectively, which were significantly higher than those with hydroponics strategies (25.98-58.18 % and 7.29-79.19 %, respectively). Similarly, the plant nitrogen uptake rates in the substrate-based strategy also generally showed higher levels compared to hydroponics strategies (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the microorganisms-mediated nitrous oxide emission rates in the substrate-based strategy during summer (unamended: 0.00-0.58 µg/g/d; potential: 3.35-7.65 µg/g/d) were obviously lower than those in the hydroponics strategy (unamended: 2.23-11.70 µg/g/d; potential: 9.72-43.09 µg/g/d) (P < 0.05). Notably, analysis of similarity tests indicated that the influences of strategy on the above parameters generally surpass the effects attributable to interspecies plant differences, particularly during summer (R > 0, P < 0.05). Based on statistical and metagenomic analyses, this study revealed that these differences were driven by the stabilizing influence of substrate-based strategy on plant roots and enhancing synergistic interplay among biochemical factors within plant-root systems. Even so, phytoremediation strategies did not significantly alter the characteristics of plants with regards to their tendency towards ammonium nitrogen uptake (up to 87.68 %) and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium as primary biological pathway for nitrogen transformation which accounted for 53.66-96.47 % nitrate removal. In summary, this study suggested that the substrate-based strategy should be a more effective strategy for enhancing the nitrogen removal ability of plants in subtropical river restoration practices.


Asunto(s)
Compuestos de Amonio , Nitratos , Ecosistema , Biodegradación Ambiental , Ríos , Nitrógeno/metabolismo , Desnitrificación
10.
ISME Commun ; 3(1): 94, 2023 Sep 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37660098

RESUMEN

Food safety of leafy greens is an emerging public health issue as they can harbor opportunistic human pathogens (OHPs) and expose OHPs to consumers. Protists are an integral part of phyllosphere microbial ecosystems. However, our understanding of protist-pathogen associations in the phyllosphere and their consequences on public health remains poor. Here, we examined phyllosphere protists, human pathogen marker genes (HPMGs), and protist endosymbionts from four species of leafy greens from major supermarkets in Xiamen, China. Our results showed that Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the dominant human pathogens in the vegetable phyllosphere. The distribution of HPMGs and protistan communities differed between vegetable species, of which Chinese chive possessed the most diverse protists and highest abundance of HPMGs. HPMGs abundance positively correlated with the diversity and relative abundance of phagotrophic protists. Whole genome sequencing further uncovered that most isolated phyllosphere protists harbored multiple OHPs which carried antibiotic resistance genes, virulence factors, and metal resistance genes and had the potential to HGT. Colpoda were identified as key phagotrophic protists which positively linked to OHPs and carried diverse resistance and virulence potential endosymbiont OHPs including Pseudomonas nitroreducens, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. We highlight that phyllosphere protists contribute to the transmission of resistant OHPs through internalization and thus pose risks to the food safety of leafy greens and human health. Our study provides insights into the protist-OHP interactions in the phyllosphere, which will help in food safety surveillance and human health.

11.
Heliyon ; 9(9): e19246, 2023 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37681145

RESUMEN

Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3), an adaptor protein, has significant and varying effects on immunity depending on cell types. The role of TRAF3 in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Epithelial (MDCK) cell resistance to influenza A virus (IVA) remains elusive. In the present study, CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology was used to construct the TRAF3 knockout MDCK cells (MDCK-TRAF3-/-). Hemagglutination assay, plaque assay, transcriptome, and quantitative real-time PCR were performed after IVA infection. The results showed that after IVA infection, HA titers and virus titers were promoted, interferon I-related pathways were significantly blocked, and transcription of several antiviral-related genes was significantly decreased in MDCK-TRAF3-/- cells. Thus, our study suggests that TRAF3 gene knockout reduced MDCK cell's resistance to IVA, thereby resulting in a promising way for IVA isolation and vaccine manufacturing.

12.
Cell Death Dis ; 14(7): 471, 2023 07 26.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37495592

RESUMEN

Breast cancer is the major common malignancy worldwide among women. Previous studies reported that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) showed pivotal roles in regulating tumor progression via exosome-mediated cellular communication. However, the detailed mechanism underlying the exosomal circRNA from CAFs in breast cancer progression remains ambiguous. Here, exosomal circRNA profiling of breast cancer-derived CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) was detected by high-throughput sequencing, and upregulated circTBPL1 expression was identified in CAF exosomes. The exosomal circTBPL1 from CAFs could be transferred to breast cancer cells and promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Consistently, circTBPL1 knockdown in CAFs attenuated their tumor-promoting ability. Further exploration identified miR-653-5p as an inhibitory target of circTBPL1, and ectopic expression of miR-653-5p could partially reverse the malignant phenotypes induced by circTBPL1 overexpression in breast cancer. Additionally, TPBG was selected as a downstream target gene, and circTBPL1 could protect TPBG from miR-653-5p-mediated degradation, leading to enhanced breast cancer progression. Significantly, the accelerated tumor progression triggered by exosomal circTBPL1 from CAFs was confirmed in xenograft models. Taken together, these results revealed that exosomal circTBPL1 derived from CAFs contributed to cancer progression via miR-653-5p/TPBG pathway, indicating the potential of exosomal circTBPL1 as a biomarker and novel therapeutic target for breast cancer.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama , Fibroblastos Asociados al Cáncer , Exosomas , MicroARNs , Humanos , Femenino , Fibroblastos Asociados al Cáncer/metabolismo , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , ARN Circular/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Comunicación Celular , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Proliferación Celular/genética , Exosomas/metabolismo , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica
13.
Chemosphere ; 338: 139533, 2023 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37459932

RESUMEN

Urban greenspace (UGS) is recognized to confer significant societal benefits, but few studies explored the microbial communities and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from different urban greenspace types. Here, we collected leaf and soil samples from forest, greenbelt, and parkland to analyze microbial community assembly and ARG profile. For phyllosphere fungal community, the α-diversity was higher in forest, compared to those in greenbelt and parkland. Moreover, urban greenspace types altered the community assembly. Stochastic processes had a greater effect on phyllosphere fungal community in greenbelt and parkland, while in forest they were dominated by deterministic processes. In contrast, no significant differences in bacterial community diversity, community assembly were observed between the samples collected from different urban greenspace types. A total of 153 ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were detected in phyllosphere and soil with resistance to the majority classes of antibiotics commonly applied to humans and animals. Structural equation model further revealed that a direct association between greenspace type and ARGs in the phyllosphere even after considering the effects of all other factors simultaneously. Our findings provide new insights into the microbial communities and antibiotic resistome of urban greenspaces and the potential risk linked with human health.


Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos , Microbiota , Animales , Humanos , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Suelo/química , Genes Bacterianos , Parques Recreativos , Microbiología del Suelo
14.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(9)2023 Apr 23.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37175441

RESUMEN

Gene therapy is a technique involving the modification of an individual's genes for treating a particular disease. The key to effective gene therapy is an efficient carrier delivery system. Viral vectors that have been artificially modified to lose their pathogenicity are used widely as a delivery system, with the key advantages of their natural high transduction efficiency and stable expression. With decades of development, viral vector-based gene therapies have achieved promising clinical outcomes. Currently, the three key vector strategies are based on adeno-associated viruses, adenoviruses, and lentiviruses. However, certain challenges, such as immunotoxicity and "off-target", continue to exist. In the present review, the above three viral vectors are discussed along with their respective therapeutic applications. In addition, the major translational challenges encountered in viral vector-based gene therapies are summarized, and the possible strategies to address these challenges are also discussed.


Asunto(s)
Terapia Genética , Vectores Genéticos , Terapia Genética/métodos , Vectores Genéticos/genética , Lentivirus/genética , Adenoviridae/genética , Técnicas de Transferencia de Gen , Dependovirus/genética
15.
Emerg Microbes Infect ; 12(1): 2202278, 2023 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37067355

RESUMEN

Seasonal influenza, causes hundreds of thousands of deaths annually, posing a severe threat to human health. Currently available influenza vaccines are targeted only at specific strains or conserved epitopes; however, these vaccines are not completely efficacious because influenza viruses can undergo mutation during circulation, leading to antigenic mismatch between recommended strains and circulating strains and elusion from the immune system. Therefore, developing an influenza vaccine that is quick, effective, and broadly protective has become crucial, and the integral part of hemagglutinin (HA) remains an ideal target for vaccine development. This study developed a lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccine (mRNA-LNPs) encoding a consensus full-length HA sequence (H1c) and evaluated its protective efficacy and immunogenicity through in vitro and in vivo assays. Following two intramuscular immunizations (2, 10 µg, or 20 µg) at a 3-week interval in BALB/c mice, H1c-mRNA-LNP vaccine induced strong antibodies as shown in the hemagglutination-inhibition test and protective neutralizing antibodies against numerous heterologous H1N1 influenza viruses as shown in the microneutralization assay. Additionally, both Th1- and Th2-biased cellular immune responses were elicited, with the Th1-biased response being stronger. Two doses of the H1c-mRNA-LNP vaccine could neutralize a panel of heterologous H1N1 influenza viruses and could confer protection in mice. Taken together, these findings suggest that the H1c-mRNA-LNP vaccine encoding a consensus full-length HA is a feasible strategy for developing a cross-protective vaccine against a panel of heterologous H1N1 influenza viruses.


Asunto(s)
Subtipo H1N1 del Virus de la Influenza A , Virus de la Influenza A , Vacunas contra la Influenza , Gripe Humana , Infecciones por Orthomyxoviridae , Humanos , Animales , Ratones , Hemaglutininas , Subtipo H1N1 del Virus de la Influenza A/genética , Consenso , Estaciones del Año , Anticuerpos Antivirales , Glicoproteínas Hemaglutininas del Virus de la Influenza/genética , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C
16.
Sci Total Environ ; 866: 161322, 2023 Mar 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36603616

RESUMEN

The plastisphere is a new ecological niche. Compared to the surrounding water, microbial community composition associated with the plastisphere is known to differ with functional consequences. Here, this study characterized the bacterial and fungal communities associated with four types of plastisphere (polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride) in an estuarine habitat; assessed ecological functions including carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur cycling, and determined the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and human pathogens. Stochastic processes dominated the community assembly of microorganisms on the plastisphere. Several functional genera related to nutrient cycling were enriched in the plastisphere. Compared to surrounding water and other plastisphere, the abundances of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling genes (cdaR, nosZ and chpy etc.) and ARGs (aadA2-1, cfa and catB8 etc.) were significantly increased in polyvinyl chloride plastisphere. In contrast, the polystyrene plastisphere was the preferred substrate for several pathogens being enriched with for example, Giardia lamblia 18S rRNA, Klebsiella pneumoniae phoE and Legionella spp. 23S rRNA. Overall, this study showed that different plastisphere had different effects on ecological functions and health risk in estuaries and emphasizes the importance of controlling plastic pollution in estuaries. Data from this study support global policy drivers that seek to reduce plastic pollution and offer insights into ecological functions in a new ecological niche of the Anthropocene.


Asunto(s)
Microbiota , Poliestirenos , Humanos , Cloruro de Polivinilo , Plásticos , Agua , Farmacorresistencia Microbiana/genética , Antibacterianos , Nitrógeno , Fósforo
17.
Artículo en Chino | WPRIM (Pacífico Occidental) | ID: wpr-1018678

RESUMEN

Objective To explore the pattern of early expression and secretion of tissue factor(TF)in vascular endothelial cells induced by heat stress.Methods Thirty SPF-rated C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into five groups:the control group and groups of indicated recovery time,including 0,3,6,and 9 h in room temperature after heat stress(n=6).Mice in the heat stress groups were exposed to an animal incubator to reach 42.5℃for core body temperature for heat stroke.We analyzed the histopathological changes in the liver,lung,and kidney tissues with HE staining.We measured the TF mRNA in mice tissues by RT-qPCR and the plasma concentration of TF in mice with a commercial ELISA kit.Human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)were placed in a culture incubator to build an in vitro heat stress model.HUVECs were divided into five groups,including a control group and groups of indicated recovery time,including 0,3,6,and 9 h after heat stress.We quantified the expression of TF mRNA and protein in HUVEC cells by RT-qPCR,Western blotting,and immunofluorescence and measured the secreted TF with a commercial ELISA kit.Results No significant pathological injury was observed in the tissues of the control group.Mice treated with heat stress had various degrees of structural injuries and hemorrhagic and inflammatory changes in multiple tissues.Compared to control group,the expression of TF mRNA significantly increased in the kidney of heat stress-treated mice with 0 and 3 h recovery time(1.719±0.018,1.241±0.178 vs.1.000±0.063),the lung with 3 h recovery time(2.444±0.511 vs.1.000±0.106)and the liver with 6 h recovery time(7.312±0.618 vs.1.000±0.147)(P<0.05).The concentration of TF in plasma also sustainedly elevated in mice with 0,3,6,and 9 h recovery time after heat stress as compared to control group[(132.426±17.920)pg/ml,(119.400±10.267)pg/ml,(107.374±13.495)pg/ml,(163.767±22.810)pg/ml vs.(75.479±13.831)pg/ml,respectively,P<0.01].The expression levels of TF mRNA were higher in heat stress HUVECs with 6 h and 9 h recovery time than the control cells(1.905±0.354,2.564±0.297 vs.1.000±0.097,P<0.01).Secreted TF in the supernatant from HUVECs treated with heat stress and different recovery time also increased significantly[(36.309±4.101)pg/ml,(38.425±5.484)pg/ml,(41.655±4.380)pg/ml,(43.586±4.718)pg/ml vs.(14.996±0.254)pg/ml,P<0.01].Conclusion Heat stress increased early expression and secretion of TF in vascular endothelial cells.Vascular endothelial cells may be a main source of circulating TF in heat stroke.

18.
ACS Omega ; 7(46): 42242-42255, 2022 Nov 22.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36440150

RESUMEN

The unique structure and physical properties of graphene and anatase TiO2 make them suitable for use as additives for engine lubricants. This study describes the use of dielectric barrier discharge plasma-assisted ball milling to synthesize a multilayer graphene-reinforced TiO2 composite nanolubricant additive (MGTC). A variety of physical and chemical tests were performed to characterize the resulting experimental materials, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Four-ball friction and wear testing machines were used to study the tribological properties and extreme pressure anti-wear properties of a base oil containing 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 wt % of the modified TiO2. Raman spectroscopy, XPS, SEM, and energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS) analyses were used to examine and analyze the microstructure of the friction pairs. As a result of the plasma-assisted ball milling process, expanded graphite was successfully separated into multilayer graphene nanosheets, and spherical TiO2 was successfully bonded to the nanosheets of the multilayer graphene. The 1.0 wt % composite oil was found to provide good friction reduction and wear resistance. It had a film thickness of 27.5 nm, which was 167% thicker than base oil. Due to its excellent dispersion stability, the MGTC nanocomposite exhibited excellent lubrication performance, which was attributed to the formation of carbon protective films, titanium dioxide deposition films, transfer films, and the occurrence of nano ball effects on the surface of friction pairs.

19.
Clin Chim Acta ; 531: 12-16, 2022 Jun 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35292251

RESUMEN

Myofibrillar myopathy (MFM) is characterized by phenotypic heterogeneity; decreased function of the myosin-directed chaperone, UNC-45B protein, leads to MFM II, which is characterized by slow progressive proximal myasthenia. Currently, only two studies have reported 11 cases worldwide. This study aimed to conduct genetic research and etiological analysis of a neonatal case of perinatal myasthenia who eventually died due to autonomic dyspnea. The case involved a newborn female admitted for weak cries and groaning. Physical examination revealed shallow and irregular spontaneous breathing, difficulty feeding, hip flexion and knee flexion in both lower limbs, hypotonia (level 1), less translation action, and inability to resist gravity. The child died at 23 days after birth. Gene testing, mutation analysis, and crystal structure analysis were conducted. Cell culture and plasmid construction were conducted, followed by western blot analysis. Pathological changes, including Z-line breakage, were observed in the muscle biopsies of different tissues. Gene testing showed that UNC-45B had a novel compound heterozygous mutation (c.2357T>A/p.Met786Lys, c.2591A>C/p.His864Pro), and in vitro functional experiments showed that the variants could lead to a decrease in protein expression. This study expands the UNC-45B mutation and phenotype spectrum by reporting an MFM II case in a Chinese patient for the first time.


Asunto(s)
Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas , Femenino , Humanos , Debilidad Muscular/metabolismo , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Mutación , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/diagnóstico , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/genética , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/metabolismo , Fenotipo
20.
Sci Total Environ ; 820: 153170, 2022 May 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35051473

RESUMEN

Spread of antibiotic resistance or the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in pathogens is a globally recognized threat to human health. Numerous studies have shown that application of organic fertilizers may increase the risk of ARGs, however, the risk of resistance genes associated with biofertilizers is largely unknown. To investigate whether biofertilizer application introduces ARGs to the soil, we used high-throughput quantitative polymerization chain reaction (HT-qPCR) to explore the effect of biofertilizer application over three years on soil ARGs in three orchards with different locations in China. Redundancy analysis showed specific and significant differences in the beta diversity of soil bacteria and fungi between treatments (fertilizer vs. no fertilizer). One-way ANOVA analysis revealed findings of the main driver of the significant difference in microbial community structure between fertilizer and control treatment was the change in soil properties following the application of biofertilizer. A total of 139 ARGs and 27 MGEs (mobile genetic elements), and 46 ARGs and 6 MGEs from 11 major taxa were detected in biofertilizer and soil samples, respectively. Only the samples from Guangxi had significant differences in the detected number of ARGs and MGEs between fertilization and control. Through structural equation modeling (SEM), we found that soil properties indirectly affected ARGs by shaping bacterial diversity, while bacterial abundance directly affected ARGs. Biofertilizer application did not significantly alter the relative abundance of ARGs in soil due to the complexity of the soil environment and competition between exogenous and native microorganisms. This study provided new insights into the spread of the antibiotic resistome of the soil through biofertilizer applications.


Asunto(s)
Microbiología del Suelo , Suelo , Antibacterianos/análisis , China , Farmacorresistencia Microbiana/genética , Genes Bacterianos , Humanos , Estiércol/análisis , Suelo/química
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