RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Accelerations role during the second stage of labor has not been studied and current classification system NICHD downplays its presence. The objective of this study is to determine validity for acidemia detection of the loss of accelerations during the second stage of labor. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This is a one year retrospective case-control study of 102 neonates with acidemia defined as an umbilical cord gas pH≤7.10 compared to 100 non acidemic controls. The last thirty minutes of CTG were evaluated by two obstetricians blind to clinical and outcome data that classified tracings into categories according to NICHD definitions, determining the presence or absence of accelerations. Validity of NICHD categories and absence of accelerations were calculated. RESULTS: 85% of fetuses presented a category II tracing in the last 30 minutes of labor. Absence of accelerations was associated with neonatal acidemia (ORa 4.43). Category II tracings were not associated with acidemia after adjusting for confounding factors.Validity of the absence of accelerations during the second stage of labor was higher in terms of sensitivity (80.3%), specificity (54%) and global value (67%) to that of the presence of a category II tracing (96%, 24% and 60% respectively) in this period. CONCLUSIONS: The absence of accelerations during the second stage of labor shows a bigger validity for neonatal acidemia than the presence of a category II tracing.
Asunto(s)
Frecuencia Cardíaca Fetal , Segundo Periodo del Trabajo de Parto , Adulto , Cardiotocografía , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Embarazo , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Discovery of genetic abnormalities associated with neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) has led to use of a genetic-based NBIA classification schema. Most NBIA subtypes demonstrate characteristic imaging abnormalities. While clinical diagnosis of NBIA is difficult, analysis of both clinical findings and characteristic imaging abnormalities allows accurate diagnosis of most of the NBIA subtypes. This article reviews recent updates in the genetic, clinical, and imaging findings of NBIA subtypes and provides a practical step-by-step clinicoradiological algorithm toward clinical diagnosis of different NBIA subtypes.
Asunto(s)
Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad/genética , Sobrecarga de Hierro/diagnóstico , Sobrecarga de Hierro/genética , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas/genética , Encéfalo/patología , Humanos , Aumento de la Imagen/métodosRESUMEN
Parasitism in cattle is known to impair growth and development. Recent findings suggest that productivity of adult animals is also affected, but little is known about the physiological mechanisms involved. Furthermore, development of nematode resistance to drugs makes imperative the search of management practices that avoid whole herd treatment. We undertook an epidemiological and endocrine study in a grass based dairy farm in Argentina to study the effect of parasites on milk production and the underlying mechanisms involved, and identify individual animals that would benefit from antiparasitic treatment. All the cows in the dairy were followed monthly for egg parasite output in feces. Samples were cultured for genera determination. Milk production and reproductive results were recorded and periodical bleedings for hormone determination were performed. Nematode egg output (EPG) was maximal in late Summer and Autumn and minimal in Spring in coincidence with the Ostertagia inhibition-disinhibition cycle as this genus had the highest prevalence in all the study. The highest proportion of positive samples was found in the high producing herd and maximal counts were found in the peripartal period. Milk production did not correlate with EPG mean values but, when cows were grouped by EPG positivity around parturition, a significant difference in total milk production between EPG null and positive cows was observed. Positive cows produced 7%, 12% or 15% less milk than null EPG cows, depending on the sampling month/s chosen for classification. The highest difference was seen when both prepartum and postpartum samples were taken into account. No difference in lactation length and a marginal effect on partum to first service interval were encountered. Endocrine studies revealed a decrease in serum growth hormone (GH), type I insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) and prolactin during lactation in cows with positive EPG in the first postpartum sample with respect to null EPG cows at that time. GH levels decreased and prolactin and IGF-I levels increased in both groups of cows from month 0 to 6 in milk. Serum insulin levels remained stable throughout lactation and were similar in both groups of cows. In conclusion, EPG around parturition may be a useful tool for identifying cows that will have a decrease in productivity due to parasite effects and would possibly benefit from an antiparasitic treatment. Besides, our results suggest that detrimental effect of parasites on milk production may be mediated by GH, IGF-I and prolactin serum levels.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/metabolismo , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/parasitología , Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/veterinaria , Leche/metabolismo , Nematodos/metabolismo , Infecciones por Nematodos/veterinaria , Animales , Argentina , Bovinos , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Heces/parasitología , Femenino , Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/metabolismo , Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/parasitología , Hormona del Crecimiento/sangre , Hormona del Crecimiento/metabolismo , Insulina/sangre , Insulina/metabolismo , Factor I del Crecimiento Similar a la Insulina/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Factor I del Crecimiento Similar a la Insulina/metabolismo , Lactancia , Infecciones por Nematodos/metabolismo , Infecciones por Nematodos/parasitología , Recuento de Huevos de Parásitos/veterinaria , Periodo Periparto , Prolactina/sangre , Prolactina/metabolismo , Estaciones del AñoRESUMEN
In 2002, the term congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders (CCDDs) was proposed to group heterogeneous syndromes with congenital abnormalities of ocular muscle and facial innervations. The concept of neurogenic etiology has been supported by discovery of genes that are essential to the normal development of brainstem, cranial nerves, and their axonal connections. The CCDDs include Duane retraction syndrome, congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles, Möbius syndrome, horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis, the human homeobox-related disorders, pontine cap tegmental dysplasia, and an expanding list. The purpose of this review was to update the imaging features, as well as clinical and genetic information, regarding cases of CCDDs.
Asunto(s)
Nervios Craneales/anomalías , Síndrome de Retracción de Duane/diagnóstico , Fibrosis/congénito , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Síndrome de Mobius/diagnóstico , Trastornos de la Motilidad Ocular/congénito , Músculos Oculomotores/patología , Nervios Craneales/patología , Femenino , Fibrosis/diagnóstico , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Trastornos de la Motilidad Ocular/diagnóstico , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
Se presenta el segundo reporte en Cuba de un paciente que se le realizó trasplante renal, quien recibió esquema inmunosupresor a base de Imurán, ciclosporina y prednisona. A los 20 meses de haber realizado el trasplante se consulta por presentar lesiones de tipo máculo, nodulares, en placas de color rojo violáceo distribuidas en todo el cuerpo menos en la cara y el cuello, además de lesiones nodulares en el paladar blando. Se le realizó una biopsia de piel donde se le diagnosticó un sarcoma de Kaposi y se efectuó tinción de Warthin Starry. Se le retiró el tratamiento con ciclosporina y se le redujo la dosis de Imurßn. Las lesiones desaparecieron paulatinamente hasta alcanzar casi un 100 por ciento de recuperación a los 3 meses aproximadamente de haber disminuido la dosis de los inmunosupresores. Las cifras de creatinina no presentaron un aumento significativo a pesar de la reducción de la inmunosupresión. La reducción de la inmunosupresión y la disminución de las dosis de los anticalcineurínicos mejoraron la evolución de las lesiones dermatológicas de dicho paciente(AU)
This is the second report in Cuba from a patient undergoes a renal transplantation who received an immunosuppressive scheme based on Imuran, Cyclosporine and Prednisone. Twenty months post-transplantation is seen in consulting room from macular, nodular, in red-violet plaques lesions distributed in whole body except in the face and neck as well as nodular lesions in soft palate. We obtained a skin biopsy with a diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma and Warthin Starry dye was performed. Cyclosporine treatment was stopped and Imuran was decreased. Lesions disappeared gradually until achieving almost a 100 percent of recovery at three months approximately after decrease the immunosuppressive dose. Creatinine figures have not a significant increase despite immunosuppression reduction and decrease of anticalcineurinic dose improved dermatologic lesions course of such patient(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Trasplante de Riñón/efectos adversos , Trasplante de Riñón/métodos , Sarcoma de Kaposi/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias RenalesRESUMEN
Se presenta el segundo reporte en Cuba de un paciente que se le realizó trasplante renal, quien recibió esquema inmunosupresor a base de Imurán, ciclosporina y prednisona. A los 20 meses de haber realizado el trasplante se consulta por presentar lesiones de tipo máculo, nodulares, en placas de color rojo violáceo distribuidas en todo el cuerpo menos en la cara y el cuello, además de lesiones nodulares en el paladar blando. Se le realizó una biopsia de piel donde se le diagnosticó un sarcoma de Kaposi y se efectuó tinción de Warthin Starry. Se le retiró el tratamiento con ciclosporina y se le redujo la dosis de Imurßn. Las lesiones desaparecieron paulatinamente hasta alcanzar casi un 100 por ciento de recuperación a los 3 meses aproximadamente de haber disminuido la dosis de los inmunosupresores. Las cifras de creatinina no presentaron un aumento significativo a pesar de la reducción de la inmunosupresión. La reducción de la inmunosupresión y la disminución de las dosis de los anticalcineurínicos mejoraron la evolución de las lesiones dermatológicas de dicho paciente.
This is the second report in Cuba from a patient undergoes a renal transplantation who received an immunosuppressive scheme based on Imuran, Cyclosporine and Prednisone. Twenty months post-transplantation is seen in consulting room from macular, nodular, in red-violet plaques lesions distributed in whole body except in the face and neck as well as nodular lesions in soft palate. We obtained a skin biopsy with a diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma and Warthin Starry dye was performed. Cyclosporine treatment was stopped and Imuran was decreased. Lesions disappeared gradually until achieving almost a 100 percent of recovery at three months approximately after decrease the immunosuppressive dose. Creatinine figures have not a significant increase despite immunosuppression reduction and decrease of anticalcineurinic dose improved dermatologic lesions course of such patient.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Renales , Sarcoma de Kaposi/tratamiento farmacológico , Trasplante de Riñón/efectos adversos , Trasplante de Riñón/métodosRESUMEN
Se presenta la historia clínica de una paciente de 66 años de edad con antecedentes de buena salud, que acude a consulta por decaimiento, pérdida del apetito, cifras elevadas de tensión arterial y pérdida de la elasticidad de la piel de ambos miembros inferiores. En los estudios complementarios se detectó una hipercalcemia severa, aumento de las cifras de creatinina de forma progresiva y cifras elevadas de paratohormona. Se le diagnosticó una masa en el cuello y múltiples adenomas paratiroideos mediastinales por ganmagrafía paratiroidea con methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrite 99 mtc y angiotomografía de mediastino. Se presenta este caso por lo inusual que resulta encontrar el hiperparatiroidismo primario como causa de insuficiencia renal rápidamente progresiva sin la presencia de nefropatía obstructiva por litiasis. Se demuestra que este diagnóstico solo es posible mediante la utilización de técnicas radiológicas combinadas(AU)
The medical history of a 66 years-old patient with a history of good health condition, who went to see the doctor because she felt exhausted, had lost appetite, her blood pressure figures had increased and her lower limbs had lost their elasticity. The supplementary exams showed severe hypercalcemia, progressive increase of creatinine values and high paratohormone figures. The diagnosis was a mass in her neck and multiple mediastinal parathyroid adenomas, detected by parathyroid gammagraphy with methoxy-isobutyl isonitrite 99 mtc and angiotomography of the mediastinum. This case was presented in this paper because it is not common to find primary hyperparathyroidism as the cause of rapidly progressive renal failure without obstructive nephropathy due to lithiasis. It was demonstrated that this kind of diagnosis can only be made if combined radiological techniques are used(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Anciano , Hiperparatiroidismo Primario/etiología , Insuficiencia Renal/complicaciones , Tecnología Radiológica/métodos , Glándula Tiroides , Neoplasias de la Tiroides , AdenomaRESUMEN
Se presenta la historia clínica de una paciente de 66 años de edad con antecedentes de buena salud, que acude a consulta por decaimiento, pérdida del apetito, cifras elevadas de tensión arterial y pérdida de la elasticidad de la piel de ambos miembros inferiores. En los estudios complementarios se detectó una hipercalcemia severa, aumento de las cifras de creatinina de forma progresiva y cifras elevadas de paratohormona. Se le diagnosticó una masa en el cuello y múltiples adenomas paratiroideos mediastinales por ganmagrafía paratiroidea con methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrite 99 mtc y angiotomografía de mediastino. Se presenta este caso por lo inusual que resulta encontrar el hiperparatiroidismo primario como causa de insuficiencia renal rápidamente progresiva sin la presencia de nefropatía obstructiva por litiasis. Se demuestra que este diagnóstico solo es posible mediante la utilización de técnicas radiológicas combinadas.
The medical history of a 66 years-old patient with a history of good health condition, who went to see the doctor because she felt exhausted, had lost appetite, her blood pressure figures had increased and her lower limbs had lost their elasticity. The supplementary exams showed severe hypercalcemia, progressive increase of creatinine values and high paratohormone figures. The diagnosis was a mass in her neck and multiple mediastinal parathyroid adenomas, detected by parathyroid gammagraphy with methoxy-isobutyl isonitrite 99 mtc and angiotomography of the mediastinum. This case was presented in this paper because it is not common to find primary hyperparathyroidism as the cause of rapidly progressive renal failure without obstructive nephropathy due to lithiasis. It was demonstrated that this kind of diagnosis can only be made if combined radiological techniques are used.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Anciano , Adenoma , Glándula Tiroides , Hiperparatiroidismo Primario/etiología , Insuficiencia Renal/complicaciones , Neoplasias de la Tiroides , Tecnología Radiológica/métodosRESUMEN
En esta ocasión se trata de un paciente de 61 años de edad, del sexo masculino, de la raza negra, residente en Habana del Este. Ingresó para estudio de un dolor abdominal. Presentó antecedentes de hipertensión arterial. Cumplió misión internacionalista en Angola del 1985 al 86, donde tuvo un mono como mascota, su vivienda esta en buen estado, no tenía gatos ni perros y su higiene personal era adecuada
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fiebre de las Trincheras/etiología , Angiomatosis/complicacionesRESUMEN
Se presenta una paciente de 66 años de edad, del sexo femenino con antecedentes de infarto agudo del miocardio, de salud mental e insuficiencia renal crónica terminal. Se mantuvo en tratamiento de diálisis peritoneal intermitente y se interconsultó con Psiquiatría por sentir y ver ¿bichos¿ que le caminaban por todo el cuerpo y salían por todos los orificios naturales y el del catéter de diálisis peritoneal. Las muestras de los supuestos parásitos fueron analizadas microscópicamente y en ninguna se constató su presencia, se trató de tejidos provenientes de la ropa de cama o de las prendas de vestir. Se le realizaron estudios parasitológicos seriados y en ninguno se obtuvo evidencia de una forma de vida parasitaria. El examen físico minucioso de la piel y de los orificios naturales y el examen físico neurológico no demostraron alteraciones. Después de varias valoraciones se estableció el diagnóstico de delusión parasitaria. Se le puso tratamiento con trifluoperazina y gotas florales, se actuó con terapia de grupo e individual y se obtuvo mejoría del cuadro clínico, pero sin solucionarlo completamente. En conclusión, el trastorno psicológico que presentó la paciente es secundario al proceso orgánico con afectación general que supone la insuficiencia renal crónica terminal y el tratamiento de diálisis. La insuficiencia renal crónica terminal es una enfermedad que genera múltiples factores estresantes ya sea por sus síntomas generales, la acumulación de toxinas, el tratamiento farmacológico y los efectos estresantes de la diálisis(AU)
We presented the case of a female patient aged 66, with history of acute myocardial infarction, mental health and a end-stage chronic renal failure. She was maintained under treatment with intermittent peritoneal dialysis and an inter-consultation with the Psychiatry Service was arranged because she felt and saw bugs walking over all her body that came out from all the natural orifices and from the orifice of the catheter of the peritoneal dialysis. Samples of the supposed parasites were analysed under the microscope and they were really fabrics from bed linen or from clothes. Serial parasitological studies were conducted and there was no evidence of parasite life. In the meticulous physical examination of the skin and of the natural orifices, as well as in the neurological physical examination no alterations were found. After some assessments, she was diagnosed delusional parasitosis. The treatment included Trifluoperazine and floral drops, group and individual therapy. The clinical picture improved, but without a definitive solution. In conclusion, the psychological disorder in this patient is secondary to an organic process with general affectation caused supposedly by end-stage chronic renal failure, and the dialysis treatment. The end-stage chronic renal failure is a disease generating multiple stressing factors due to its general symptoms, the accumulation of toxins, the pharmacological treatment, and the stressing effects of dialysis(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Anciano , Diálisis Peritoneal/métodos , Parasitología/métodos , Trifluoperazina/uso terapéutico , Psicoterapia de Grupo/métodos , Pruebas PsicológicasRESUMEN
Se presenta una paciente de 66 años de edad, del sexo femenino con antecedentes de infarto agudo del miocardio, de salud mental e insuficiencia renal crónica terminal. Se mantuvo en tratamiento de diálisis peritoneal intermitente y se interconsultó con Psiquiatría por sentir y ver ¿bichos¿ que le caminaban por todo el cuerpo y salían por todos los orificios naturales y el del catéter de diálisis peritoneal. Las muestras de los supuestos parásitos fueron analizadas microscópicamente y en ninguna se constató su presencia, se trató de tejidos provenientes de la ropa de cama o de las prendas de vestir. Se le realizaron estudios parasitológicos seriados y en ninguno se obtuvo evidencia de una forma de vida parasitaria. El examen físico minucioso de la piel y de los orificios naturales y el examen físico neurológico no demostraron alteraciones. Después de varias valoraciones se estableció el diagnóstico de delusión parasitaria. Se le puso tratamiento con trifluoperazina y gotas florales, se actuó con terapia de grupo e individual y se obtuvo mejoría del cuadro clínico, pero sin solucionarlo completamente. En conclusión, el trastorno psicológico que presentó la paciente es secundario al proceso orgánico con afectación general que supone la insuficiencia renal crónica terminal y el tratamiento de diálisis. La insuficiencia renal crónica terminal es una enfermedad que genera múltiples factores estresantes ya sea por sus síntomas generales, la acumulación de toxinas, el tratamiento farmacológico y los efectos estresantes de la diálisis.
We presented the case of a female patient aged 66, with history of acute myocardial infarction, mental health and a end-stage chronic renal failure. She was maintained under treatment with intermittent peritoneal dialysis and an inter-consultation with the Psychiatry Service was arranged because she felt and saw bugs walking over all her body that came out from all the natural orifices and from the orifice of the catheter of the peritoneal dialysis. Samples of the supposed parasites were analysed under the microscope and they were really fabrics from bed linen or from clothes. Serial parasitological studies were conducted and there was no evidence of parasite life. In the meticulous physical examination of the skin and of the natural orifices, as well as in the neurological physical examination no alterations were found. After some assessments, she was diagnosed delusional parasitosis. The treatment included Trifluoperazine and floral drops, group and individual therapy. The clinical picture improved, but without a definitive solution. In conclusion, the psychological disorder in this patient is secondary to an organic process with general affectation caused supposedly by end-stage chronic renal failure, and the dialysis treatment. The end-stage chronic renal failure is a disease generating multiple stressing factors due to its general symptoms, the accumulation of toxins, the pharmacological treatment, and the stressing effects of dialysis.