RESUMEN
Marathon runners, subjected to intense training regimens and prolonged, exhaustive exercises, often experience a compromised immune response. Probiotic supplementation has emerged as a potential remedy to mitigate the impact of prolonged exercise on athletes. Consequently, this study sought to assess the influence of probiotic supplementation on monocyte functionality both before and after the official marathon race. Twenty-seven runners were randomly and double-blindly assigned to two groups: placebo (n 13) and probiotic (PRO) (n 14). Over 30 d, both groups received supplements - placebo sachets containing maltodextrin (5 g/d) and PRO sachets containing 1 × 1010 colony-forming unit Lactobacillus acidophilus and 1 × 1010 colony-forming unit Bifidobacterium bifidum subsp. lactis. Blood samples were collected, and immunological assays, including phagocytosis, hydrogen peroxide production, cytokine levels and monocyte immunophenotyping, were conducted at four different intervals: baseline (start of supplementation/30 d pre-marathon), 24 h-before (1 d pre-marathon), 1 h-after (1 h post-marathon) and 5 d-after (5 d post-marathon). Monocyte populations remained consistent throughout the study. A notable increase in phagocytosis was observed in the PRO group after 30 d of supplementation. Upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation, both PRO and placebo groups exhibited decreased IL-8 production. However, after the marathon race, IL-15 stimulation demonstrated increased levels of 5 d-after, while IL-1-ß, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15 and TNF-α varied across different intervals, specifically within the PRO group. Probiotic supplementation notably enhanced the phagocytic capacity of monocytes. However, these effects were not sustained post-marathon.
Asunto(s)
Suplementos Dietéticos , Carrera de Maratón , Monocitos , Fagocitosis , Probióticos , Humanos , Fagocitosis/efectos de los fármacos , Probióticos/administración & dosificación , Probióticos/farmacología , Monocitos/metabolismo , Monocitos/inmunología , Método Doble Ciego , Masculino , Adulto , Carrera de Maratón/fisiología , Citocinas/metabolismo , Citocinas/sangre , Femenino , Lactobacillus acidophilus , Bifidobacterium bifidum/fisiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Carrera/fisiología , AtletasRESUMEN
We aimed to compare the effects of beta-alanine on Traditional Resistance Training (TRAD) or Blood Flow Restriction Training (BFR). METHODS: 19 subjects were randomly allocated to a Placebo (n = 10) or beta-alanine (n = 9) group. Subjects from both groups were trained unilaterally (unilateral arm curl) for six weeks, and each arm was trained using a different paradigm (BFR or TRAD). One repetition maximum (1RM) test measurements were performed before and after the strength training program. Work output was accessed as the total weight lifted (repetitions × weight lifted × sets) for the entire strength training program. RESULTS: 1RM or total weight lifted was not increased by beta-alanine supplementation. However, the TRAD-trained arm showed a significantly increased 1RM and total weight lifted compared to the BFR arm (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: We conclude that in the short-term (6 weeks) and following the current experimental conditions, beta-alanine does not benefit BFR or TRAD in terms of total weight lifted (volume of training) or maximal strength (1RM).
RESUMEN
The aim of the present study was to evaluate, in adults, the nutritional statusand risk factors for cardiovascular disease and correlate them with exercise. We evaluated 77 employees , both male and female, aged an average 31.5 years. Body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) and body fat percent (BF%) were measured. Cardiovascular risk was assessed by waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and conicity index (CI). Weanalyzed blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose. Alcohol consumption and physical exercise were also evaluated. According to BMI, 77.8% were eutrophic, 20.8% overweight and 1.3% underweight in the total sample. As for BF%, 44.2% were above the average and 41.6% below it. The variables serum cholesterol and exercise showed significant correlation (p = 0.001), and all individuals who had borderline cholesterol levels did not exercise regularly. Through the comparison of numerical variables between physical activity and triglyceride values, higher values of serum triglycerides were found for those who did not do physical exercise (p = 0.037). The remaining variables showed no significant differences. Only 1.3% of men had metabolic syndrome and this classification was not relatedto physical exercise. Although this is a population with a high prevalence of sedentarism, elevated triglycerides and overweight, it can be inferred that the study population showed a low prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk.
El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar, en adultos, el estado nutricional y factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular y larelación con la práctica de ejercicio físico. Se estudiaron 77 empleados de ambos sexos,con un promedio de 31,5 años. Se midieron: peso, talla, circunferencia de cintura (CC), circunferencia de cadera (HC) y porcentaje de grasa corporal (% GC). El riesgo cardiovascular fue estimado por medio de la relación cinturacadera (RCC) y el índice de conicidad (IC). Sedeterminaron: presión arterial, colesterol total, triglicéridos y glucosa, consumo de alcoholy ejercicio físico. De acuerdo con el IMC del grupo de estudio, 77,8% eran eutróficos; 20,8%presentaban sobrepeso y 1,3% estaban con bajopeso. Con respecto a G%, 44,2% estaban sobrela media y 41,6% bajo la media. El riesgo para enfermedades cardiovasculares por el IC fue de13%. El colesterol sérico mostró una correlación positiva significativa (p=0,001) con la prácticade actividad física y todas las personas que portaban índice de colesterol elevado o limítrofe no practicaban ejercicio con regularidad. La comparación de variables numéricas entre actividad física y niveles de triglicéridos mostraba estos últimos más elevados en los individuos que no practicaban ejercicio físico (p = 0,037). Las otras variables estudiadas nomostraron diferencias significativas. Solamente el 1,3% de los hombres presentaba SM que no se relacionaba con la práctica de ejercicio físico. Apesar de ser una población con alta prevalencia de sedentarismo, portadora de triglicéridos elevados y sobrepeso, presenta baja prevalenciade ECV.
O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar, em adultos, o estado nutricional e fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares e correlacioná-los com a prática de exercício físico. Foram avaliados 77 funcionários, de ambos os gêneros, com média de 31,5 anos. Foram mensurados: peso, estatura, circunferência da cintura (CC), do quadril (CQ) e percentual de gordura (%G). O risco cardiovascular foi avaliado pela relação cintura-quadril (RCQ) e pelo índice de conicidade (IC). Analisou-se pressão arterial, colesterol total, triglicérides e glicemia; consumo de bebida alcoólica e prática de exercícios físicos. De acordo com o IMC, observou-se eutrofia em 77,8%, 20,8% com sobrepeso e 1,3% baixo peso na amostra total. Quanto ao %G, 44,2% encontravam-se acima da média e 41,6% abaixo da média. O risco para doenças cardiovasculares pelo IC foi de 13%. As variáveis colesterol total sérico e prática de exercícios apresentaram correlação positiva significante (p=0,001), sendo que todos os indivíduos que apresentaram taxa de colesterol limítrofe não praticavam exercícios físicos de modo regular. Por meio da comparação das variáveis numéricas entre prática de exercício físico e triglicérides foram encontrados valores maiores de triglicérides séricos nos que não praticavam exercício físico (p=0,037). As demais variáveis não apresentaram diferenças significativas. Apenas 1,3% dos indivíduos do gênero masculino apresentaram SM e esta classificação não apresentou relação com a prática de exercício físico. Apesar de se tratar de uma população com altas prevalências de sedentarismo, triglicérides elevados, sobrepeso, pode-se inferir que a população de estudo apresentou baixa prevalência de risco para DCV.