RESUMEN
Tris-(benzyltriazolylmethyl)amine (TBTA) has been immobilized onto a styrenic monomer and subsequently copolymerized with styrene to afford catalytically active and reusable copolymers for the CuAAC reaction.
Asunto(s)
Alquinos/química , Azidas/química , Azidas/síntesis química , Química Clic , Cobre/química , Compuestos Organometálicos/química , Polímeros/química , Catálisis , Ciclización , Ligandos , Estructura Molecular , Compuestos Organometálicos/síntesis química , Polímeros/síntesis química , Estireno/químicaRESUMEN
Well-defined functional star-shaped polymer structures with up to 29 arms have been successfully synthesized by the combination of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and click chemistry. First, azide end-functionalized poly(isobornyl acrylate) (PiBA) star-shaped polymers were prepared by successive ATRP and bromine substitution. Subsequently, alkyne end-functionalized molecules and polymers were introduced onto the star-shaped PiBA bearing pendant azide moieties by copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). The possibilities and limits for the CuAAC on such highly branched polyacrylates are described.
RESUMEN
Star-shaped poly(isobornyl acrylate) (PiBA) was prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) using multifunctional initiators. The optimal ATRP conditions were determined to minimize star-star coupling and to preserve high end group functionality (>90%). Star-shaped PiBA with a narrow polydispersity index was synthesized with 4, 6, and 12 arms and of varying molecular weight (10,000 to 100,000 g x mol(-1)) using 4 equiv of a Cu(I)Br/PMDETA catalyst system in acetone. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) analysis, NMR spectroscopy, and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) confirmed their controlled synthesis. The bromine end group of each arm was then transformed to a reactive end group by a nucleophilic substitution with methacrylic acid or cinnamic acid (conversion >90%). These reactive star polymers were used to prepare PiBA nanoparticles by intramolecular polymerization of the end groups. The successful preparation of this new type of organic nanoparticles on a multigram scale was proven by NMR spectroscopy and SEC. Subsequently, they have been used as additives for linear, rubbery poly(n-butyl acrylate). Rheology measurements indicated that the viscoelastic properties of the resulting materials can be fine-tuned by changing the amount of incorporated nanoparticles (1-20 wt %), as a result of the entanglements between the nanoparticles and the linear polymers.