RESUMEN
Introduction: The study aims to examine the trends of 4 metabolic NCDs risk factors including raised blood pressure, increased blood glucose, elevated blood lipids and overweight/obesity over the last 10 years in Vietnam as well as examine these trends among different sub-population by geographical area, gender, and age groups. Methods: The study combined the national representative data from three rounds of STEPs survey in Vietnam conducted in 2010, 2015, and 2020 on people aged 25-64 years. The overall prevalence of each metabolic factor together with 95% CI for each time point as well as the stratified prevalence by rural/urban, male/female, and 4 separated age groups were calculated and considered the sampling weight. Cochran-Armitage test for trend was used to test for the differences in the prevalence over time. Results: The prevalence of hypertension, overweight/obesity, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia among the population aged 25-64 years old was 28.3, 20.57, 6.96, and 15.63%, respectively in the year 2020. All NCD metabolic risk factors examined in this analysis show significantly increasing trends over time. For most age groups, the increasing burden of NCD metabolic risk factors was more significant during the period 2015-2020 compared to the period 2010-2015. Male population and population aged 55-64 experienced the most dramatic changes in the burden of all NCD metabolic risk factors. Conclusion: To reverse the increasing trend of NCD metabolic factors in Vietnam, intervention, and policy need to apply a comprehensive life course approach.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades no Transmisibles , Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades no Transmisibles/epidemiología , Sobrepeso/epidemiología , Vietnam/epidemiología , Factores de Tiempo , Estudios Transversales , Factores de Riesgo , Obesidad/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the Western dietary guidelines on fruit and vegetable intake are associated with blood pressure parameters and hypertension among Vietnamese adults. METHODS: Participants included 1384 women and 1049 men aged 18-69 years from the 2015 Vietnam national survey on risk factors of non-communicable diseases. Associations between dietary intake score based on the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) guidelines and World Health Organization recommendations on fruit and vegetable consumption and blood pressure parameters and hypertension were evaluated by multivariate regression analyses. RESULTS: Approximately 17.0% and 40.1% of participants met the respective definitions of hypertension according to Joint National Committee 7 (JNC7) and 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) Hypertension Guideline. Highest tertiles of DASH scores for fruit intake were significantly associated with increased blood pressure parameters, particularly in women. Hypertension was associated with DASH score for fruit intake with odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for tertiles 2-3 versus tertile 1: 1.31 (0.98, 1.76) and 1.43 (1.05, 1.93) for JNC7; 1.26 (1.01, 1.58) and 1.31 (1.04, 1.66) for 2017 ACC/AHA guideline (all p-trend <0.05). No association with blood pressure parameters and hypertension was observed for DASH score for vegetable intake and meeting World Health Organization recommendations for fruit and vegetable intake. CONCLUSION: We found an unexpected positive association between DASH score for fruit intake and blood pressure parameters and hypertension among Vietnamese adults. More research is needed in this population to understand the relationship between vegetable and fruit intake with hypertension before a firm conclusion and recommendation are made.
Asunto(s)
Presión Sanguínea , Dieta Saludable , Enfoques Dietéticos para Detener la Hipertensión , Frutas , Hipertensión/epidemiología , Ingesta Diaria Recomendada , Verduras , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios Transversales , Encuestas sobre Dietas , Dieta Saludable/efectos adversos , Enfoques Dietéticos para Detener la Hipertensión/efectos adversos , Femenino , Frutas/efectos adversos , Humanos , Hipertensión/diagnóstico , Hipertensión/fisiopatología , Hipertensión/prevención & control , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Valor Nutritivo , Prevalencia , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Vietnam/epidemiología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
PURPOSE: There is a lack of an overview of overall and site-specific cancer incidence time trends in Vietnam, especially for the period after the year 2000. This paper aims at describing the development of cancer incidence for some cancer sites during 1993-2007. METHODS: The Age Standardized Rate (ASR) of cancer incidence data from population based cancer registries of Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh and Cantho cities were used to analyze temporary trends of cancer incidence by site, age and sex group. RESULTS: The ASR of cancer incidence increased from 151.1/105 in the period 1993-1998 to 160.0/105 in the period 2006-2007 for males and from 106.8/105 to 143.9/105 for females. By age, the highest ASR was found in the group of 75+ years in males and between 70-74 years in females, with ASRs of 1,109/105 and 619/105, respectively (2006-2007). Lung remains the most frequent site, followed by stomach and liver in males. In females, the most commonly affected site has shifted from cervix uteri in 1993-1998 to breast in recent years, followed by stomach and lung. Increasing trends were observed in incidence rates of 21 out of 34 cancer sites in males and 27 out of 35 cancer sites in females. CONCLUSION: Cancer incidences in general have continuously increased during 1993-2007. More efforts should be concentrated on developing and implementing tobacco-related cancer prevention interventions.