RESUMEN
AIM: To evaluate the effects of methylprednisolone and vitamin B12 injection on the regeneration of the nerves after a mental nerve crush injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 40 albino Wistar rats have been randomly divided into four groups: group 1 (n=10): crushlike nerve damage was created by pinching the left mental nerve for 60 s with an aneurysm clip and intraperitoneally administered 1 ml of saline for 14 days; group 2 (n=10): the left mental nerve was pinched for 60 s with an aneurysm clip and intraperitoneally administered 2 mg/kg of methylprednisolone for 14 days; group 3, experimental group (n=10): the left mental nerve was pinched for 60 s with an aneurysm clip and intraperitoneally administered 2 mg/kg of vitamin B12 for 14 days; and group 4, experimental group (n=10): the left mental nerve was pinched for 60 s and intraperitoneally administered 2 mg/kg of methylprednisolone and 2 mg/kg of vitamin B12 for 14 days. All rats were sacrificed on the 28th postoperative day, and histopathological evaluation was performed. RESULTS: Nerve damage was higher in the control group than in other groups (p < 0.05). When Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM) expression levels were compared, no major differences were observed between the methylprednisolone and control groups (p > 0.05). The B12 and B12+methylprednisolone groups reached significantly higher NCAM expression levels compared to the control and methylprednisolone groups. When the myelin basic protein (MBP) expression levels were compared (p < 0.05), the MBP expression was significantly higher in all experimental groups than in the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Systemic vitamin B12 and methylprednisolone administration effectively supported remyelination in the crushed mental nerve by increasing Schwann cell proliferation and differentiation.
Asunto(s)
Metilprednisolona , Regeneración Nerviosa , Ratas Wistar , Vitamina B 12 , Animales , Metilprednisolona/administración & dosificación , Metilprednisolona/farmacología , Vitamina B 12/administración & dosificación , Vitamina B 12/farmacología , Regeneración Nerviosa/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas , Masculino , Moléculas de Adhesión de Célula Nerviosa/metabolismo , Compresión Nerviosa , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/administración & dosificación , Modelos Animales de EnfermedadRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Evaluating the effect of ABS (Ankaferd Blood Stopper®), Tranexamic Acid (Transamin®) and Thrombin-Containing Hemostatic Matrix (Floseal®) on the mental nerve of rats by using histopathologic and immunohistochemical analyses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 40 Wistar Albino rats were used. Rats were randomly selected into 4 groups as Control (G1), ABS (G2), Tranexamic Acid (G3) and Thrombin-Containing Hemostatic Matrix (G4). In the control group G1, the left mental nerve was exposed and 0.3 ml of sterile saline was applied for 5 min, then closed with suture. In the other three groups, the left mental nerve was exposed and 0.3 ml ABS, Tranexamic Acid and Floseal was applied to groups, respectively. After 5 min, wounds were closed with suture. Immunohistochemical and histopathologic examinations were performed on mental nerves after 28 days. RESULTS: The total histopathologic and immunohistochemical semiquantitative scores were significantly higher in ABS (G2) compared to Control (G1), Tranexamic Acid (G3) and Thrombin-Containing Hemostatic Matrix (G4) (P < 0.05). Myelin thickness were significantly lower in G2 compared to G1, G2 and G3 (P < 0.05). G3 has the most reliable results compared to G2 and G4 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The study results suggest that ABS has neurotoxic effects and should not be used close to the nerve, and thrombin-containing hemostatic matrix should be used carefully. Tranexamic acid, on the other hand, was found to be the most reliable hemostatic agent for use in close proximity to neural tissues. Further studies are required to determine the efficacy of the hemostatic agents on peripheral nerve degeneration.
Asunto(s)
Hemostáticos , Ácido Tranexámico , Animales , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Nervio Mandibular , Extractos Vegetales , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Trombina , Ácido Tranexámico/farmacologíaRESUMEN
ABSTRACT: Epidermoid cysts are rare, slow-growing, benign, developmental cysts that are derived from abnormally situated ectodermal tissue. Epidermoid cysts may grow anywhere on the body and about 7% of them are located in the head and neck region. They are usually asymptomatic over years but can be symptomatic due to secondary changes or the growing size. Clinically, the lesion presents as a slow-growing asymptomatic mass, usually located in the midline, above or below the mylohyoid muscle. Surgical excision from the floor of the mouth is indicated to relieve symptoms and prevent possible infection. This swelling on the floor of the mouth can sometimes cause serious problems with difficulty for swallowing and speaking. The purpose of this report is to present a case of sublingual epidermoid cyst of the floor of the mouth.
Asunto(s)
Quiste Epidérmico , Ránula , Humanos , Quiste Epidérmico/diagnóstico por imagen , Quiste Epidérmico/cirugía , Suelo de la Boca/diagnóstico por imagen , Suelo de la Boca/cirugía , DegluciónRESUMEN
The infestation of human and animal tissues or organs by the larvae of flies is collectively termed as myiasis. The occurrence of oral myiasis is analogously low compared with cutaneous myiasis as oral tissues are not habitually exposed to the external environment. Oral myiasis predominantly affects the periodontium, buccal and/or palatal mucosa, lips, and tongue. The prevalence of myiasis is substantially higher in tropical and subtropical regions, especially in developing countries. This research adduces a case of oral myiasis related to palatal gingiva in a young boy who was intubated due to pneumonia.
Asunto(s)
Dípteros , Miasis , Animales , Humanos , Larva , Masculino , Miasis/diagnóstico , Lengua , TurquíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between molar root positions and antral pseudocysts (APs). STUDY DESIGN: The retrospective study included 160 patients. Vertical relationships of the molar roots and the maxillary sinus floor were divided into 4 categories. Root relationships were compared for the presence and dimensions of APs overlying teeth. The root relationships and the presence of APs were also compared for differences in gender, right versus left side, and age groups. RESULTS: APs were significantly more likely to occur in areas where 1 root extended through the sinus floor from the first molar (P = .004) or second molar (P = .014) and where more than 1 root of the first molar extended through the floor (P = .002). The extension of roots into the sinus was associated with a 9.900 to 25.300 times increase in APs compared with areas with no root contact. The height and width of APs were significantly greater in areas of root penetration into the sinus but gender, side, and age had no effect on the distribution of these root relationships. CONCLUSIONS: Root apices that transmit occlusal force to the Schneiderian membrane might induce the formation of APs and increase the dimensions of the lesions.
Asunto(s)
Seno Maxilar , Elevación del Piso del Seno Maxilar , Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico , Humanos , Maxilar , Seno Maxilar/diagnóstico por imagen , Diente Molar/diagnóstico por imagen , Estudios Retrospectivos , Raíz del Diente/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Ganoderma lucidum, a kind of mushroom used for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities, was investigated in the present study for its possible healing effect on calvarial defects with bone grafts. METHODS: Wistar male rats (n = 30) were divided into 3 groups: 1) the control (defect) group (n = 10), 2) defect and graft group (n = 10), and 3) defect, graft, and G. lucidum treated group (n = 10). The G. lucidum was administered to the rats at 20 mL/kg per day via gastric lavage. RESULTS: In the defect and graft group, osteonectin positive expression was observed in osteoblast and osteocyte cells at the periphery of the small bone trabeculae within the graft area. In the defect, graft, and G. lucidum treated group, osteonectin expression was positive in the osteoblast and osteocyte cells and positive osteonectin expression in new bone trabeculae. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was positive in the inflammatory cells, fibroblast cells, and degenerated collagen fibril areas within the defect area. CONCLUSION: This study shows that, with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, G. Lucidum is an important factor in the treatment of calvarial bone defects.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico , Regeneración Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Trasplante Óseo , Reishi/química , Cráneo/cirugía , Animales , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Oseointegración/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Cráneo/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Lymphangiomas are benign hamartomatous tumors which are characterized by abnormal proliferation of lymphatic vessels. They are lymphatic malformations which are commonly localized to head and neck region. They are rare located in the oral cavity and tongue, lips, buccal mucosa, soft palate, floor of the mouth are mostly affected.
Asunto(s)
Linfangioma/patología , Mucosa Bucal/patología , Neoplasias de la Boca/patología , Adolescente , Femenino , Hamartoma , Estado de Salud , Humanos , Linfangioma/cirugía , Mucosa Bucal/cirugía , Neoplasias de la Boca/cirugía , Cuello/patologíaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The effects of resveratrol administration on calvarial bone defects with alloplastic graft material was investigated for osteoinductive reaction and bone development in rats. METHODS: Healthy male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups consisting of 10 rats. Groups were as follows: control (defect) group, defect + graft group, and defect + graft + resveratrol group. A calvarial bone defect was created in all groups, alloplastic bone grafts were applied to the defect in the 2nd and 3rd group, resveratrol (5 mg/kg/day) was added to the drinking water of the animals following graft application for 28 days in the 3rd group. RESULTS: Increase in osteoclasts and necrotic changes were observed histopathologically in the control group. In the 2nd group, reduction of inflammation, congestion of blood vessels, increased osteblastic activity, osteoinductive effect, progression of osteocyte development and increased collagen fibers in connective tissue were observed. In the 3rd group, osteoblasts seemed to secrete bone matrix and accelerate osteoinductive effect with increased osteopregenitor activity and positive osteopontin and osteonectin expressions. CONCLUSION: Resveratrol treatment was thought to be an alternative and supportive drug for implant application by inducing new bone formation in the calvaral defect region as a result of short-term treatment.
Asunto(s)
Regeneración Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Sustitutos de Huesos/administración & dosificación , Trasplante Óseo/métodos , Resveratrol/administración & dosificación , Cráneo/cirugía , Animales , Sustitutos de Huesos/uso terapéutico , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Esquema de Medicación , Masculino , Oseointegración/efectos de los fármacos , Osteoblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Osteogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Osteonectina/administración & dosificación , Osteopontina/administración & dosificación , Ratas , Cráneo/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To evaluate histologically and immunohistochemically the bone regeneration after application of simvastatin on tibial bone defects in rats. METHODS: Sixty Wistar albino rats were divided into 3 groups as control (6 mm tibial bone defect), defect + graft (allograft treatment), and defect + graft + simvastatin (10 mg/kg/day) for 28 days. RESULTS: Histopathological examination revealed inflammation in control group (defect group), congestion in blood vessels, and an increase in osteoclast cells. In defect + graft group, osteoclastic activity was observed and osteocyte cells were continued to develop. In defect + graft + simvastatin group, osteocytes and matrix formation were increased in the new bone trabeculae. Osteopontin and osteonectin expression were positive in the osteclast cells in the control group. Osteoblasts and some osteocytes showed a positive reaction of osteopontin and osteopontin. In defect + graft + simvastatin group, osteonectin and osteopontin expression were positive in osteoblast and osteocyte cells, and a positive expression in osteon formation was also seen in new bone trabeculae. CONCLUSION: The simvastatin application was thought to increase bone turnover by increasing the osteoinductive effect with graft and significantly affect the formation of new bone.
Asunto(s)
Regeneración Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Simvastatina/farmacología , Tibia/efectos de los fármacos , Tibia/cirugía , Animales , Autoinjertos , Remodelación Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Masculino , Osteoblastos , Osteoclastos , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Tibia/patologíaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of allopurinol administration on osteoinductive reaction and bone development with graft material. METHODS: Thirty-six Wistar albino rats were divided into 3 groups. In the control group, calvarial bone defect was only created without any treatment. In the Defect + Graft group, allograft treatment was performed by forming 8 mm calvarial bone defect. In the Defect + Graft + Allopurinol group, alloplastic bone graft was placed in the calvarial bone defect and then, allopurinol (50 mg/kg/day) treatment was intraperitoneally applied for 28 days. RESULTS: Histopathological examination revealed inflammation, congestion in the vessels, and an increase in osteoclast cells in the defect area. We also observed that new osteocyte cells, increase in connective tissue fibers, and new bone trabeculae. Osteopontin expression was positive in osteoblast cells and lacunated osteocyte cells were located in the periphery of the new bone trabeculae. Osteopontin expression was also positive in osteoblasts and osteocytes cells of new bone trabeculae in the graft site. CONCLUSION: It has been shown that allopurinol treatment in rat calvaria defects may induce osteoblastic activity, matrix development, mature bone cell formation and new bone formation when used with autogenous grafts.
Asunto(s)
Alopurinol/farmacología , Regeneración Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Osteogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Cráneo/efectos de los fármacos , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Autoinjertos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Cráneo/lesionesRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and location of accessory mental foramen (AMF) in a Turkish population using cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT). METHOD: CBCT images of 1005 patients were retrospectively reviewed from the archive of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University. The prevalence, size, and localization of AMFs were assessed according to gender and age. In addition, the vertical and horizontal dimension of the mental foramen (MF) with and without AMF was measured to investigate the relationship between MF dimensions and the presence and absence of AMF. The average distance between the MF and AMF was also calculated. All measurements were then analyzed statistically. RESULTS: A total of 149 AMFs in 123 (12.23%) patients were identified on the CBCT images of the 1005 patients reviewed. There was no significant correlation between presence of AMF and gender (p = 0.152). The most common localization of an AMF with respect to the MF was posterio-inferior (n = 52; 34.89%). A statistically significant difference was also found between the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the MF with and without AMF (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrate the high prevalence of AMF in the studied Turkish population. Considering the high prevalence and the structures passing through it, recognition of AMF and its detection using CBCT is important to prevent complications that may occur during and after surgical procedures.
Asunto(s)
Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico , Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagen , Nervio Mandibular/diagnóstico por imagen , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Imagenología Tridimensional , Masculino , Mandíbula/anatomía & histología , Mandíbula/inervación , Nervio Mandibular/anatomía & histología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Turquía , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to analyze stress distribution on four different implant designs and four different qualities of cortical bone surrounding the implant crest modules using three-dimensional finite element analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four different implant designs of the same diameter and length (3.75 ± 11.5 mm) were used. Rhinoceros 4.0 3D modeling software was used for preparing the four types of bone quality (D1, D2, D3, and D4). Mandibular second premolar crowns were constructed as prosthetic superstructures of the implants, and a total force of 300 N was vertically applied to the crowns. Stress distribution on dental implants and cortical bone of D1, D2, D3, and D4 bone quality was evaluated. RESULTS: Among all of the implants, the maximum von Mises stress value on cortical bone surrounding the neck region of the implants was found in D4 bone quality, while the minimum stress was detected in D1 bone quality. The stress distribution on the threads of dental implants exhibited the most homogeneous distribution in D1 bone quality, while higher von Mises stress values were observed in the apical blade segment of the implants in D3 and D4 bone quality. CONCLUSION: It was found that the maximum stress of cortical bone surrounding the implant crest module decreased as the bone density increased. The microthreads on the implant crest module might cause an increase in stress to cortical bone surrounding the neck region of implants.
Asunto(s)
Implantes Dentales , Coronas , Diseño de Prótesis Dental , Análisis del Estrés Dental , Análisis de Elementos Finitos , Estrés MecánicoRESUMEN
Abstract Purpose: Ganoderma lucidum, a kind of mushroom used for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities, was investigated in the present study for its possible healing effect on calvarial defects with bone grafts. Methods: Wistar male rats (n = 30) were divided into 3 groups: 1) the control (defect) group (n = 10), 2) defect and graft group (n = 10), and 3) defect, graft, and G. lucidum treated group (n = 10). The G. lucidum was administered to the rats at 20 mL/kg per day via gastric lavage. Results: In the defect and graft group, osteonectin positive expression was observed in osteoblast and osteocyte cells at the periphery of the small bone trabeculae within the graft area. In the defect, graft, and G. lucidum treated group, osteonectin expression was positive in the osteoblast and osteocyte cells and positive osteonectin expression in new bone trabeculae. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was positive in the inflammatory cells, fibroblast cells, and degenerated collagen fibril areas within the defect area. Conclusion: This study shows that, with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, G. Lucidum is an important factor in the treatment of calvarial bone defects.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Cráneo/cirugía , Regeneración Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Trasplante Óseo , Reishi/química , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico , Cráneo/efectos de los fármacos , Inmunohistoquímica , Oseointegración/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas Wistar , Modelos Animales de EnfermedadRESUMEN
Abstract Purpose: The effects of resveratrol administration on calvarial bone defects with alloplastic graft material was investigated for osteoinductive reaction and bone development in rats. Methods: Healthy male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups consisting of 10 rats. Groups were as follows: control (defect) group, defect + graft group, and defect + graft + resveratrol group. A calvarial bone defect was created in all groups, alloplastic bone grafts were applied to the defect in the 2nd and 3rd group, resveratrol (5 mg/kg/day) was added to the drinking water of the animals following graft application for 28 days in the 3rd group. Results: Increase in osteoclasts and necrotic changes were observed histopathologically in the control group. In the 2nd group, reduction of inflammation, congestion of blood vessels, increased osteblastic activity, osteoinductive effect, progression of osteocyte development and increased collagen fibers in connective tissue were observed. In the 3rd group, osteoblasts seemed to secrete bone matrix and accelerate osteoinductive effect with increased osteopregenitor activity and positive osteopontin and osteonectin expressions. Conclusion: Resveratrol treatment was thought to be an alternative and supportive drug for implant application by inducing new bone formation in the calvaral defect region as a result of short-term treatment.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Cráneo/cirugía , Regeneración Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Trasplante Óseo/métodos , Sustitutos de Huesos/administración & dosificación , Resveratrol/administración & dosificación , Osteoblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Osteogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Cráneo/efectos de los fármacos , Esquema de Medicación , Osteonectina/administración & dosificación , Oseointegración/efectos de los fármacos , Sustitutos de Huesos/uso terapéutico , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Osteopontina/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
Abstract Purpose: To evaluate histologically and immunohistochemically the bone regeneration after application of simvastatin on tibial bone defects in rats. Methods: Sixty Wistar albino rats were divided into 3 groups as control (6 mm tibial bone defect), defect + graft (allograft treatment), and defect + graft + simvastatin (10 mg/kg/day) for 28 days. Results: Histopathological examination revealed inflammation in control group (defect group), congestion in blood vessels, and an increase in osteoclast cells. In defect + graft group, osteoclastic activity was observed and osteocyte cells were continued to develop. In defect + graft + simvastatin group, osteocytes and matrix formation were increased in the new bone trabeculae. Osteopontin and osteonectin expression were positive in the osteclast cells in the control group. Osteoblasts and some osteocytes showed a positive reaction of osteopontin and osteopontin. In defect + graft + simvastatin group, osteonectin and osteopontin expression were positive in osteoblast and osteocyte cells, and a positive expression in osteon formation was also seen in new bone trabeculae. Conclusion: The simvastatin application was thought to increase bone turnover by increasing the osteoinductive effect with graft and significantly affect the formation of new bone.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Tibia/efectos de los fármacos , Regeneración Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Simvastatina/farmacología , Osteoblastos , Osteoclastos , Tibia/cirugía , Tibia/patología , Remodelación Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas Wistar , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , AutoinjertosRESUMEN
Abstract Purpose: To investigate the effects of allopurinol administration on osteoinductive reaction and bone development with graft material. Methods: Thirty-six Wistar albino rats were divided into 3 groups. In the control group, calvarial bone defect was only created without any treatment. In the Defect + Graft group, allograft treatment was performed by forming 8 mm calvarial bone defect. In the Defect + Graft + Allopurinol group, alloplastic bone graft was placed in the calvarial bone defect and then, allopurinol (50 mg/kg/day) treatment was intraperitoneally applied for 28 days. Results: Histopathological examination revealed inflammation, congestion in the vessels, and an increase in osteoclast cells in the defect area. We also observed that new osteocyte cells, increase in connective tissue fibers, and new bone trabeculae. Osteopontin expression was positive in osteoblast cells and lacunated osteocyte cells were located in the periphery of the new bone trabeculae. Osteopontin expression was also positive in osteoblasts and osteocytes cells of new bone trabeculae in the graft site. Conclusion: It has been shown that allopurinol treatment in rat calvaria defects may induce osteoblastic activity, matrix development, mature bone cell formation and new bone formation when used with autogenous grafts.