RESUMEN
We tested 294 domestic pet dogs in Mexico for neutralizing antibodies for mosquito-borne flaviviruses. We found high (42.6%) exposure to West Nile virus in Reynosa (northern Mexico) and low (1.2%) exposure in Tuxtla Gutierrez (southern Mexico) but very limited exposure to Aedes-borne flaviviruses. Domestic dogs may be useful sentinels for West Nile virus.
Asunto(s)
Aedes , Culicidae , Flavivirus , Fiebre del Nilo Occidental , Virus del Nilo Occidental , Animales , Anticuerpos Neutralizantes , Perros , México/epidemiología , Fiebre del Nilo Occidental/epidemiología , Fiebre del Nilo Occidental/veterinariaAsunto(s)
Actitud del Personal de Salud , Actitud Frente a la Salud , Betacoronavirus , Infecciones por Coronavirus , Atención de Enfermería/tendencias , Pandemias , Neumonía Viral , COVID-19 , Salud Global , Humanos , Atención de Enfermería/métodos , Atención de Enfermería/organización & administración , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
The year 2020 surprised us with COVID-19, which expanded throughout Asia and Europe and became a pandemic, reaching Latin America and our cities and everything seemed to change, including the most intimate and private relationships of social life in general, with repercussions in the human condition that lead to thinking about its setbacks. For the population not expert in epidemiology, it results quite difficult to understand what is happening and know what to do and how to assimilate discourses that break into the private sphere and at the same time amalgamate with social, environmental, economic, political, and other problems that even lead epidemiologists themselves to new reflections they thought already overcome. But also, within this context positive issues are unveiled, like solidarity, reflecting on consumerism, and caring for nature.
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Humanos , EnfermeríaRESUMEN
Enolase, which catalyses the conversion of 2-phospho-D-glycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate, is an important enzyme in the classic glycolysis pathway in cells. Enolase is highly conserved in organisms from bacteria to humans, indicating its importance in cells. Thus, enolase is a good target for developing new drugs. In the last decade, new functions of this enzyme have been found. Helicobacter pylori is a common human pathogen that causes gastric diseases and even gastric cancer. In this study, the sequence of H. pylori enolase (HpEno) was analysed; the conservation (at least partial) of binding sites for cofactor, plasminogen, and host extracellular RNA, as well as catalytic site, indicates that HpEno should be capable of performing the functions. Recombinant HpEno was overexpressed and purified from E. coli. Compared to the enolases from other species, HpEno had similar characteristics for its secondary structure. The temperature-induced profiles indicate that HpEno is quite stable to temperature, compared to other homologs. Regarding the kinetics of the unfolding reaction, we found that the activation enthalpy associated with the thermal unfolding reaction is equivalent to the reported activation enthalpy for yeast enolase, indicating a similar scaffold and kinetic stability. Although a wide range of experimental conditions were assayed, it was not possible to detect any enzymatic activity of HpEno. To prove the lack of activity, still a much wider range of experiments should be carried out.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Helicobacter pylori/metabolismo , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Dominio Catalítico , Clonación Molecular/métodos , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Fosfopiruvato Hidratasa , Plasminógeno/metabolismo , Estructura Secundaria de Proteína , Alineación de SecuenciaRESUMEN
El feocromocitoma quístico gigante es tumor adrenal raro en el que predomina el curso asintomático; por lo que muchos de los casos no son diagnosticados hasta el momento de la cirugía. La simple movilización del tumor se asocia con el paso a la sangre de grandes cantidades de catecolaminas y a una elevada morbimortalidad.; por esta razón la cirugía per se y su manejo perioperatorio constituyen un enorme desafío. En este artículo se presenta el caso de un feocromocitoma gigante maligno (35 cm) que ocupaba todo el hemiabdomen derecho. Aun con el diagnóstico preoperatorio de feocromocitoma, el bloqueo farmacológico preoperatorio y las medidas intraoperatorias, el paciente falleció poco antes de que finalizara la cirugía.
The giant cystic pheochromocytoma is a rare adrenal tumor in the predominantly asymptomatic course; so many cases are not diagnosed until the time of surgery. The simple mobilization of the tumor is associated with the passage to the blood of large amounts of catecholamines and high morbidity and mortality. So the surgery itself and perioperative management are a huge challenge. This article describes the case of a malignant giant pheochromocytoma (35 cm) which occupied the entire right abdomen. Even with the preoperative diagnosis of pheochromocytoma, pharmacological blockade preoperative and intraoperative measures, the patient died shortly before the end of surgery.
Asunto(s)
Anciano , Humanos , Masculino , Feocromocitoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/diagnóstico por imagen , Feocromocitoma/cirugía , Feocromocitoma/metabolismo , Feocromocitoma/patología , Medicación Preanestésica , Catecolaminas/metabolismo , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/cirugía , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/metabolismo , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/patología , Resultado Fatal , Médula Suprarrenal/metabolismo , Médula Suprarrenal/patología , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos alfa/administración & dosificación , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos alfa/uso terapéutico , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/administración & dosificación , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/uso terapéutico , Quistes/cirugía , Quistes/metabolismo , Quistes/patología , Quistes/diagnóstico por imagen , Carga Tumoral , Complicaciones Intraoperatorias/etiología , Complicaciones Intraoperatorias/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
The bacterium Helicobacter pylori infects more than 50% of the world population and causes several gastroduodenal diseases, including gastric cancer. Nevertheless, we still need to explore some protein interactions that may be involved in pathogenesis. MreB, an actin homolog, showed some special characteristics in previous studies, indicating that it could have different functions. Protein functions could be realized via protein-protein interactions. In the present study, the MreB protein from H. pylori 26695 fused with two tags 10×His and GST in tandem was overexpressed and purified from Escherchia coli. The purified recombinant protein was used to perform a pull-down assay with H. pylori 26695 cell lysate. The pulled-down proteins were identified by mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF), in which the known important proteins related to morphogenesis were absent but several proteins related to pathogenesis process were observed. The bacterial two-hybrid system was further used to evaluate the protein interactions and showed that new interactions of MreB respectively with VacA, UreB, HydB, HylB and AddA were confirmed but the interaction MreB-MreC was not validated. These results indicated that the protein MreB in H. pylori has a distinct interactome, does not participate in cell morphogenesis via MreB-MreC but could be related to pathogenesis.
Asunto(s)
Actinas/metabolismo , Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Helicobacter pylori/metabolismo , Dominios y Motivos de Interacción de Proteínas/fisiología , Técnicas del Sistema de Dos Híbridos , Actinas/fisiología , Proteínas Bacterianas/química , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Proteínas Bacterianas/fisiología , ADN Bacteriano/genética , Escherichia coli/genética , Regulación Bacteriana de la Expresión Génica , Genes Bacterianos , Helicobacter pylori/genética , Espectrometría de Masas , Proteínas de la Membrana/metabolismo , Proteínas de la Membrana/fisiología , Morfogénesis , Proteínas Recombinantes/química , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismoRESUMEN
Resumen Objetivo: analizar sinergias y continuidades entre acuerdos municipales relacionados con enfermedades cardio-cerebro-vasculares en Medellín, Colombia entre 2000-2013, como un proceso que trasciende la formalización del discurso. Metodología: estudio cualitativo, se revisaron 57 acuerdos y se realizaron doce entrevistas semiestructuradas a actores clave. Hallazgos: la formulación de algunos acuerdos partió de orientaciones externas o del diagnóstico local, lo que muestra continuidad y coherencia en la secuencia del ciclo de la política. Con respecto a la sinergia, proponen acciones para impactar positivamente las decisiones tomadas: construcción de alianzas y redes en los distintos niveles; desarrollo de estrategias de información, educación y comunicación; estímulo a la participación ciudadana y mejoramiento del acceso a la atención en salud. Conclusión: el análisis implicó considerar relaciones entre políticas que contemplen acciones que incidan en las enfermedades cardio-cerebro-vasculares y posibiliten su continuidad por las condiciones presupuestales, administrativas y de ejecución.
Abstract Objective: to analyze synergies and continuities between municipal agreements related to cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in Medellín, Colombia between the years 2000-2013, as a process that goes beyond the formalization of discourse. Methodology: qualitative study, 57 agreements were reviewed and twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with key stakeholders. Findings: the formulation of some agreements was based on external orientations or local diagnosis, which shows continuity and coherence in the sequence of the policy cycle. Regarding synergy, they propose actions to positively impact the decisions taken: building alliances and networks at different levels; development of information, education, and communication strategies; fostering citizen participation, and improving access to health care. Conclusion: the analysis involved considering relationships between policies that contemplate actions that have an effect on cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and enable their continuity given the budgetary, administrative, and implementation conditions.
Resumo Objetivo: analisar sinergias e continuidades entre acordos municipais relacionados com doenças cárdio-cerebro-vasculares em Medellín, Colômbia entre 2000-2013, como processo que transcende a formalização do discurso. Metodologia: estudo qualitativo, 57 acordos foram revistos e realizaram-se doze entrevistas semiestruturadas a atores chave. Achados: a formulação de alguns acordos partiu de orientações externas ou do diagnóstico local, o que mostra continuidade e coerência na sequencia do ciclo da política. No que diz respeito da sinergia, propõem ações para impactar positivamente as decisões tomadas: construção de parcerias e redes nos diferentes níveis; desenvolvimento de estratégias de informação, ensino e comunicação; estímulo à participação cidadã e melhoramento do acesso à atenção em saúde. Conclusão: a análise envolveu considerar relacionamentos entre políticas contemplando ações que incidirem nas doenças cárdio-cerebro-vasculares e possibilitarem a sua continuidade pelas condições orçamentarias, administrativas e de execução.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Política de Salud , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Factores de Riesgo , ColombiaRESUMEN
The giant cystic pheochromocytoma is a rare adrenal tumor in the predominantly asymptomatic course; so many cases are not diagnosed until the time of surgery. The simple mobilization of the tumor is associated with the passage to the blood of large amounts of catecholamines and high morbidity and mortality. So the surgery itself and perioperative management are a huge challenge. This article describes the case of a malignant giant pheochromocytoma (35 cm) which occupied the entire right abdomen. Even with the preoperative diagnosis of pheochromocytoma, pharmacological blockade preoperative and intraoperative measures, the patient died shortly before the end of surgery.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/diagnóstico por imagen , Feocromocitoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/metabolismo , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/patología , Neoplasias de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/cirugía , Médula Suprarrenal/metabolismo , Médula Suprarrenal/patología , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos alfa/administración & dosificación , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos alfa/uso terapéutico , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/administración & dosificación , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/uso terapéutico , Anciano , Catecolaminas/metabolismo , Quistes/diagnóstico por imagen , Quistes/metabolismo , Quistes/patología , Quistes/cirugía , Resultado Fatal , Humanos , Complicaciones Intraoperatorias/etiología , Complicaciones Intraoperatorias/fisiopatología , Masculino , Feocromocitoma/metabolismo , Feocromocitoma/patología , Feocromocitoma/cirugía , Medicación Preanestésica , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Carga TumoralRESUMEN
Aeromonas caviae is an emerging human pathogen. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Aeromonas caviae strain 429865 INP which shows the presence of various putative virulence-related genes.
RESUMEN
As part of a research study undertaken in the period 2003-2011 to understand situations of homicidal violence based in perceptions regarding the act of violence and the surrounding context, we reflect on the meaning of "invisible bourdaries" in the neighborhoods of Medellin (Colombia). Using a qualitative approach that combines documentary sources and interviews, the experiences of 8 participants are analyzed. In the primary results we can see how control over neighborhoods is exercised by different actors through bourdaries not visible to ordinary people. Nevertheless, around these lines people are recruited and controlled and strategies to illegally generate economic resources and to regulate the cultural and social activities of inhabitants are consolidated, thus affecting the social dynamics and imaginary of the neighborhood. In this way, the territories, friendships, and affects of young victims who are not linked to illegal groups and/or do not have "information" and of defenseless older adults are controlled.
Asunto(s)
Homicidio/psicología , Características de la Residencia , Controles Informales de la Sociedad/métodos , Violencia/psicología , Adolescente , Adulto , Colombia , Femenino , Homicidio/prevención & control , Humanos , Entrevistas como Asunto , Masculino , Investigación Cualitativa , Violencia/prevención & control , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
En el marco de un estudio realizado entre 2003 y 2011 para comprender escenarios de violencia homicida a partir de la percepción del hecho violento y su contexto, se reflexiona sobre el sentido de las "fronteras invisibles" en barrios de Medellín (Colombia). Desde un enfoque cualitativo que combina revisión documental y entrevistas, se analiza la experiencia vivida por ocho participantes. Entre los principales resultados se destaca que el control barrial es ejercido por distintos actores; que las fronteras no son visibles para el común de las personas, sino que son demarcaciones en las que son reclutadas y controladas, y que consolidan estrategias para recaudar recursos económicos de forma ilegal y regular las actividades culturales y sociales de los habitantes, lo cual repercute en la dinámica y los imaginarios sociales. De este modo, se controlan los territorios, las amistades y los afectos de víctimas jóvenes -que no se vinculan a grupos ilegales y/o no tienen "información"- y de adultos mayores indefensos.
As part of a research study undertaken in the period 2003-2011 to understand situations of homicidal violence based in perceptions regarding the act of violence and the surrounding context, we reflect on the meaning of "invisible bourdaries" in the neighborhoods of Medellin (Colombia). Using a qualitative approach that combines documentary sources and interviews, the experiences of 8 participants are analyzed. In the primary results we can see how control over neighborhoods is exercised by different actors through bourdaries not visible to ordinary people. Nevertheless, around these lines people are recruited and controlled and strategies to illegally generate economic resources and to regulate the cultural and social activities of inhabitants are consolidated, thus affecting the social dynamics and imaginary of the neighborhood. In this way, the territories, friendships, and affects of young victims - who are not linked to illegal groups and/or do not have "information" - and of defenseless older adults are controlled.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Femenino , Ratones , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/farmacología , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamiento farmacológico , División Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Ratones Desnudos , Trasplante de Neoplasias , /genética , ARN Mensajero/análisis , /genéticaRESUMEN
En el marco de un estudio realizado entre 2003 y 2011 para comprender escenarios de violencia homicida a partir de la percepción del hecho violento y su contexto, se reflexiona sobre el sentido de las "fronteras invisibles" en barrios de Medellín (Colombia). Desde un enfoque cualitativo que combina revisión documental y entrevistas, se analiza la experiencia vivida por ocho participantes. Entre los principales resultados se destaca que el control barrial es ejercido por distintos actores; que las fronteras no son visibles para el común de las personas, sino que son demarcaciones en las que son reclutadas y controladas, y que consolidan estrategias para recaudar recursos económicos de forma ilegal y regular las actividades culturales y sociales de los habitantes, lo cual repercute en la dinámica y los imaginarios sociales. De este modo, se controlan los territorios, las amistades y los afectos de víctimas jóvenes -que no se vinculan a grupos ilegales y/o no tienen "información"- y de adultos mayores indefensos.(AU)
As part of a research study undertaken in the period 2003-2011 to understand situations of homicidal violence based in perceptions regarding the act of violence and the surrounding context, we reflect on the meaning of "invisible bourdaries" in the neighborhoods of Medellin (Colombia). Using a qualitative approach that combines documentary sources and interviews, the experiences of 8 participants are analyzed. In the primary results we can see how control over neighborhoods is exercised by different actors through bourdaries not visible to ordinary people. Nevertheless, around these lines people are recruited and controlled and strategies to illegally generate economic resources and to regulate the cultural and social activities of inhabitants are consolidated, thus affecting the social dynamics and imaginary of the neighborhood. In this way, the territories, friendships, and affects of young victims - who are not linked to illegal groups and/or do not have "information" - and of defenseless older adults are controlled.(AU)
RESUMEN
The increasing number of dengue virus (DENV) genome sequences available allows identifying the contributing factors to DENV evolution. In the present study, the codon usage in serotypes 1-4 (DENV1-4) has been explored for 3047 sequenced genomes using different statistics methods. The correlation analysis of total GC content (GC) with GC content at the three nucleotide positions of codons (GC1, GC2, and GC3) as well as the effective number of codons (ENC, ENCp) versus GC3 plots revealed mutational bias and purifying selection pressures as the major forces influencing the codon usage, but with distinct pressure on specific nucleotide position in the codon. The correspondence analysis (CA) and clustering analysis on relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) within each serotype showed similar clustering patterns to the phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide sequences for DENV1-4. These clustering patterns are strongly related to the virus geographic origin. The phylogenetic dependence analysis also suggests that stabilizing selection acts on the codon usage bias. Our analysis of a large scale reveals new feature on DENV genomic evolution.
Asunto(s)
Codón/genética , Virus del Dengue/genética , Evolución Molecular , Filogenia , Composición de Base , Secuencia de Bases , Dengue/genética , Dengue/virología , Genoma Viral , Humanos , MutaciónRESUMEN
As part of a research study undertaken in the period 2003-2011 to understand situations of homicidal violence based in perceptions regarding the act of violence and the surrounding context, we reflect on the meaning of "invisible bourdaries" in the neighborhoods of Medellin (Colombia). Using a qualitative approach that combines documentary sources and interviews, the experiences of 8 participants are analyzed. In the primary results we can see how control over neighborhoods is exercised by different actors through bourdaries not visible to ordinary people. Nevertheless, around these lines people are recruited and controlled and strategies to illegally generate economic resources and to regulate the cultural and social activities of inhabitants are consolidated, thus affecting the social dynamics and imaginary of the neighborhood. In this way, the territories, friendships, and affects of young victims ¡ who are not linked to illegal groups and/or do not have "information" ¡ and of defenseless older adults are controlled.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: construir escenarios de violencia por lesiones intencionales no fatales en el departamento de Antioquia, Colombia, a partir de casos atendidos en 12 hospitales de diferentes niveles de atención, en 2007. Métodos: Se combinaron elementos de distintos enfoques cualitativos que permiten describir el contexto (etnografía); hacer una doble interpretación de los hechos, desde el actor y el investigador (hermenéutica), y construir los escenarios de violencia, mediante entrevistas a 87 lesionados en hechos violentos. Resultados: La mayoría de las agresiones ocurrieron en hombres, de 20 a 49 años de edad, residentes en áreas urbanas, trabajadores informales; sucedieron entre viernes y domingo, en medio de una riña en la vía pública o en un establecimiento público; fueron ocasionadas por armas cortopunzantes, cortantes o contundentes, y fueron por un conocido, amigo o familiar. Los escenarios construidos ayudan a comprender el fenómeno de la violencia en el departamento y las diferencias entre regiones. Estos fueron: apropiación de bienes, reivindicación económica o moral, lesión por azar, conflictos personales, control social, fracaso en la tramitación de los conflictos dentro de la familia, agresión a símbolo identitario, sobrevivencia y coexistencia de prácticas o normas con actores armados. Conclusión: Con los escenarios se identifican procesos sociales fundamentales; sin embargo, su delimitación no es definitiva, hay imbricaciones entre ellos, lo que muestra su complejidad en el departamento...
Objective: To build scenarios of violence caused by nonfatal intentional injuries in the Province of Antioquia (Colombia), based on cases managed in 12 hospitals of different care levels in 2007. Methodology: Different qualitative approach elements were combined to allow describing the context (ethnography); to make double interpretation of the events, from the actor and the investigator (hermeneutics), and to construct the scenarios of violence by means of inteviews with 87 subjects injured in violent events. Results: Most of the aggressions occurred in males between 20 and 49 years of age, living in urban areas and with no formal employment. The attacks happened between Friday and Sunday, in the middle of a fight in the street or a public establishment. The injuries were caused by stabbing, slashing or blunt weapons and usually by sombody known to the victim, a friend or a relative. Such scenarios help to understand the violence in Antioquia and the differences between regions. These were: conversion, economic or moral claim, random injury, personal conflicts, social control, failure in managing intra-family conflicts, aggression as an identity symbol, survival and coexistence of practices or norms with armed actors. Conclusion: By means of these scenarios fundamental social processes are identified. However, their boundaries are not definitive overlappings exist between them, showing their complexity in this Province...
Asunto(s)
Investigación Cualitativa , ViolenciaRESUMEN
Se presenta un estado del arte basado en producción publicada sobre la salud como derecho en la última década. La metodología, enmarcada en el enfoque Cualitativo, utiliza técnicas de análisis de contenido y de discurso. Se aplicaron instrumentos con descriptores como: objetivos, temáticas, actores, enfoque y resultados. De los hallazgos pueden destacarse preocupaciones por la agudización de la crisis hospitalaria, el problema laboral y su relación con la salud, las barreras de acceso a los servicios y el deterioro de la salud pública. El estudio muestra dos perspectivas para configurar la política de salud: la libertad de mercado como mejor opción para asegurar la atención a la salud o la garantía de la salud desde el Estado como responsable fundamental.
We are presenting a state of art based on published books and articles on health as a right in the last decade. The methodology is part of the qualitative approach, using techniques of content analysis and discourse analysis. We applied instruments with descriptors such as: objectives, themes, actors and results. Among the findings may highlight concerns over the worsening of the hospital crisis, the labor problem and its relation to health, access barriers to services and the deteriorating situation of public health The balance shows two perspectives to set health policy: the free market as the best option to ensure the health attention or the guarantee of health from the State as a fundamental responsable.
Apresenta-se um estado da arte baseado na produção publicada sobre a saúde como direito na ultima década. A metodologia enfoca um estudo qualitativo, utilizando técnicas de análise de conteúdo e discurso. Utilizaram-se instrumentos com descritores como: objetivos, temáticas, atores, enfoque e resultados. Dos resultados, destacam-se: preocupações pelo crescimento da crise hospitalaria, o problema laboral e sua relação com a saúde, as barreiras de acesso aos serviços, e o deterioro da saúde pública. O estudo ilustra duas perspectivas para configurar a política de saúde: a liberdade do mercado como melhor opção para segurar a atenção à saúde; ou a garantia da saúde desde o Estado como responsável fundamental.
Asunto(s)
Política de Salud , Derecho a la Salud , Seguridad SocialRESUMEN
Se analiza el comportamiento de la mortalidad en una región colombiana, destacando hallazgos relacionados con las causas de muerte evitable y su contribución a la esperanza de vida.Entre 1980 y 2000 predominan las muertes violentas, principalmente homicidios de hombres jóvenes. Esto hace pensar que existe una problemática social poco combatida o controlada. La eficacia de políticas públicas para garantizar la salud y contribuir a evitar la mortalidad queda en entredicho, porque más del 55 porciento de las muertes fueron evitables. Reivindicar la vida es considerar el proceso social en términos de dotaciones y capacidades, es reconocer procesos históricos que caracterizan la región con una marcada exclusión social, económica y política,que ha facilitado la presencia de diversas formas de violencia.
The behavior of the mortality is analyzed in a Colombian region, highlighting discoveries related with the causes of avoidable death and its contribution to the hope of life. Among 1980-2000 the violent deaths prevail, mainly homicides of young men, this makes to think that there is a socialproblem that is low fighted or controlled. The effectiveness of a public policy to guarantee the health and to contribute to avoid a bigger mortality it is in interdict when more than 55% of the deaths could be avoided. To claim the life is to consider the social process in terms of endowments, capacities, it is to recognize the historical processes of the region which characterize it as area of high exclusion that has facilitated the presence of diverse forms of violence.
Asunto(s)
Planificación en Salud , Esperanza de Vida , Mortalidad , Estudios Poblacionales en Salud PúblicaRESUMEN
Objetivo: Presentar elementos teórico-metodológicos delestudio de condiciones de vida y salud en el municipio deMarinilla, Colombia, con base en una matriz de procesoscríticos. Material y métodos: Análisis documental histórico, aplicación de ficha familiar a 4284 familias, talleres con líderes comunitarios e institucionales, entrevistas a actores clave, análisis de planes y programas municipales.Resultados: Condiciones protectoras: riqueza cultural,conservación de tradiciones artísticas; proyectos de vivienda; promotores ambientales y juntas administradorasde acueductos en zona rural; programas de gestores ypromotores de salud. Condiciones de deterioro: Dimensióndel trabajo: Grupos urbano y rural con alto deterioro, gran inestabilidad laboral, baja calificación, jornadas laborales extensas. Dimensión del consumo: grupos urbano y rural con alto deterioro sin vivienda propia; viviendas rurales y deterioradas sin electrificación. Entorno: Contaminación ambiental, especialmente en el barrio más pobre; grupo rural con gran contaminación de las fuentes de agua y deforestación. Proceso salud enfermedad: Problemas comunes: Desnutrición infantil, enfermedad respiratoria y diarreica aguda, hipertensión arterial, diabetes, cáncer; intoxicaciones por plaguicidas, lesiones, accidentes, abuso sexual, muerte violenta mayor frecuencia en grupo rural con alto deterioro. Conclusiones: La matriz es una propuesta teórico-metodológica útil para investigadores sociales, administradores municipales y sector salud, porque articula el conocimiento de las necesidades de poblaciones diferenciadas por grupos, con proyectos políticos y vigilancia de condiciones de vida medianteprocesos participativos.