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OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the different presentations of hyperandrogenism produced by ovarian tumors in women at different life stages DESIGN: case report. SETTING: academic institutions. PATIENT(S): 3 patients at different life stages, with increased androgen levels. INTERVENTION(S): review of hospital records. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): clinical and biochemical features, treatment and follow-up. RESULT(S): a 10 year-old girl with Leydig cell tumor presented with hyperandrogenemia, virilization and changes in social behavior. Another patient, at reproductive age, with a tumor>10 cm, presented with signs of virilization and abdominal mass, whose pathologic analysis disclosed a carcinoid tumor of the ovary associated with stromal hyperplasia. The third patient was a postmenopausal woman with severe alopecia, who presented a steroid cell tumor, rare at that age. CONCLUSION(S): the evaluation of women with signs and symptoms of virilization should include a detailed clinical record, thorough physical examination and an appropriate hormonal dosage, especially when images are inconclusive.

Objetivo: evaluar las diferentes manifestaciones del hiperandrogenismo tumoral de origen ovárico en distintos grupos etarios. Diseño: reporte de casos.Lugar de trabajo: centros académicos.Pacientes: son reportadas tres pacientes con exceso de andrógenos. Resultados: describimos una paciente de 10 años con hiperandrogenemia y signos de masculinización secundarios a un tumor de células de Leydig; otra paciente, en edad fértil, con un tumor carcinoide de ovario asociado a hiperplasia estromal que se manifestó con signos de masa abdominal y de virilización. El tercer caso una mujer, en etapa postmenopáusica con alopecia severa, tenía un tumor de células esteroideas, raro en este grupo etario. onclusión: la evaluación de una mujer con signos y síntomas de virilización debe incluir una detallada historia clínica, examen físico y apropiados dosajes hormonales, especialmente si existe dificultad en establecer su origen cuando los estudios imagenológicos son normales.

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OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the different presentations of hyperandrogenism produced by ovarian tumors in women at different life stages DESIGN: case report. SETTING: academic institutions. PATIENT(S): 3 patients at different life stages, with increased androgen levels. INTERVENTION(S): review of hospital records. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): clinical and biochemical features, treatment and follow-up. RESULT(S): a 10 year-old girl with Leydig cell tumor presented with hyperandrogenemia, virilization and changes in social behavior. Another patient, at reproductive age, with a tumor>10 cm, presented with signs of virilization and abdominal mass, whose pathologic analysis disclosed a carcinoid tumor of the ovary associated with stromal hyperplasia. The third patient was a postmenopausal woman with severe alopecia, who presented a steroid cell tumor, rare at that age. CONCLUSION(S): the evaluation of women with signs and symptoms of virilization should include a detailed clinical record, thorough physical examination and an appropriate hormonal dosage, especially when images are inconclusive.

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the different presentations of hyperandrogenism produced by ovarian tumors in women at different life stages DESIGN: case report. SETTING: academic institutions. PATIENT(S): 3 patients at different life stages, with increased androgen levels. INTERVENTION(S): review of hospital records. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): clinical and biochemical features, treatment and follow-up. RESULT(S): a 10 year-old girl with Leydig cell tumor presented with hyperandrogenemia, virilization and changes in social behavior. Another patient, at reproductive age, with a tumor>10 cm, presented with signs of virilization and abdominal mass, whose pathologic analysis disclosed a carcinoid tumor of the ovary associated with stromal hyperplasia. The third patient was a postmenopausal woman with severe alopecia, who presented a steroid cell tumor, rare at that age. CONCLUSION(S): the evaluation of women with signs and symptoms of virilization should include a detailed clinical record, thorough physical examination and an appropriate hormonal dosage, especially when images are inconclusive.

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Molecular genetic analysis was applied to 162 individuals of 37 half-sib selected families belonging to six provenances of Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden in a provenance/family trial. The individuals were selected by a trait selection index and genetic diversity criteria were later applied for designing seedling seed orchards. Genetic diversity and its distribution, as well as relationships among individuals, were assessed on the basis of nine microsatellite loci and 243 amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. High diversity was found with both kinds of markers. Clear-cut genomic patterns of identification (fingerprinting) were obtained for each individual. Genetic differentiation estimates consistently showed low differentiation among provenances (R(ST1) = 0.069, theta(P) = 0.026 and F(CT) = 0.035) and great differentiation among families (R(ST2) = 0.223, theta(S) = 0.174 and F(SC) = 0.164). A high proportion of the total variation was observed within families (around 80% by both marker analyses), suggesting that orchard design should be based on individual or family selection rather than on provenance selection, and that individual ranking by both trait selection index and molecular genetic diversity criteria should be considered. A selection procedure for a seedling seed orchard design is proposed.

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Sexual and Reproductive Health are considered at present as a Human Right that must be guaranteed by the State. In Argentina some Federal, Provincial and Municipal Laws have been sanctioned in order to guarantee this right through programs that bring information, counselling and implementation in the use of contraceptive methods, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections and genitomammary pathologies. Many Institutions, including Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, have been incorporated in these programs. Contraceptive methods have selection criteria and indication for its use that are described in this publication, for the purpose to explain indications, side-effects, advantages and disadvantages of each one of them; as well as their best usefulness in the three stages of reproductive life: adolescence, sexual maturity and premenopause. Finally, the Eligibility Criteria were synthetized for the use of contraceptive methods, performed by the OMS in 1996.

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La Salud Sexual y Reproductiva es considerada en la actualidad un Derecho Humano que debe ser garantizado por el Estado. En Argentina se han dictado leyes federales, provinciales y municipales para garantizar este derecho, a través de Programas que brindan información, consejería e implementación en el uso de métodos anticonceptivos; prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento de las infecciones de transmisión sexual y patologías genitomamarias. Numerosas instituciones, incluyendo la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, se han incorporado a estos Programas. Los métodos anticonceptivos tienen criterios de selección e indicación para su uso que son descriptos en esta publicación, a los efectos de precisar las indicaciones, contraindicaciones, ventajas y desventajas de cada uno de ellos. como también su mejor utilización en las tres etapas de la vida reproductiva: adolescencia. madurez sexual y premenopausia. Finalmente, se sintetizan los Criterios de Elegibilidad para uso de métodos anticonceptivos elaborados por la OMS en 1996.

Sexual and Reproductive Health are considered at present as a Human Right that must be guaranteed by the State. In Argentina some Federal, Provincial and Municipal Laws have been sanctioned in order to guarantee this right through programs that bring information, counselling and implementation in the use of contraceptive methods. prevention, diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections and genitomammary pathologies. Many Institutions, including Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, have been incorporated in these programs. Contraceptive methods have selection criteria and indication for its use that are described in this publication, for the purpose to explain indications, side-effects, advantages and disadvantages of each one of them; as well as their best usefulness in the three stages of reproductive life: adolescence, sexual maturity and premenopause Finally, the Eligibility Criteria were synthesized for the use of contraceptive methods, performed by the OMS in 1996.

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La Salud Sexual y Reproductiva es considerada en la actualidad un Derecho Humano que debe ser garantizado por el Estado. En Argentina se han dictado leyes federales, provinciales y municipales para garantizar este derecho, a través de Programas que brindan información, consejería e implementación en el uso de métodos anticonceptivos; prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento de las infecciones de transmisión sexual y patologías genitomamarias. Numerosas instituciones, incluyendo la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, se han incorporado a estos Programas. Los métodos anticonceptivos tienen criterios de selección e indicación para su uso que son descriptos en esta publicación, a los efectos de precisar las indicaciones, contraindicaciones, ventajas y desventajas de cada uno de ellos. como también su mejor utilización en las tres etapas de la vida reproductiva: adolescencia. madurez sexual y premenopausia. Finalmente, se sintetizan los Criterios de Elegibilidad para uso de métodos anticonceptivos elaborados por la OMS en 1996.(AU)

Sexual and Reproductive Health are considered at present as a Human Right that must be guaranteed by the State. In Argentina some Federal, Provincial and Municipal Laws have been sanctioned in order to guarantee this right through programs that bring information, counselling and implementation in the use of contraceptive methods. prevention, diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections and genitomammary pathologies. Many Institutions, including Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, have been incorporated in these programs. Contraceptive methods have selection criteria and indication for its use that are described in this publication, for the purpose to explain indications, side-effects, advantages and disadvantages of each one of them; as well as their best usefulness in the three stages of reproductive life: adolescence, sexual maturity and premenopause Finally, the Eligibility Criteria were synthesized for the use of contraceptive methods, performed by the OMS in 1996. (AU)

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This prospective, multicenter study was conducted to evaluate the contraceptive reliability, cycle control and tolerability of a 21-day oral contraceptive regimen containing 20 microg ethinylestradiol and 75 microg gestodene in four Latin American countries (Mexico, Argentina, Brazil and Colombia). Participants took trial medication daily for 21 days. Contraceptive efficacy, cycle control and tolerability were evaluated over a period of 13 cycles. Efficacy data gathered from 5,109 treatment cycles were obtained from 393 participants. The trial medication proved to be an effective contraceptive and provided good cycle control. One pregnancy because of poor compliance was recorded. This resulted in a study Pearl index of 0.25. Forty-six percent of Latin American women reported one intracyclic spotting bleeding episode and 37.6% reported one intracyclic breakthrough bleeding (medium/excessive bleeding) episode during cycles 2-4 (primary target). Overall, intracyclic bleeding was reported in 41%. Overall, there was a trend towards a lower incidence of spotting in all the countries and this difference had statistical significance between Argentina and the others three countries (p < 0.05) during cycles 2-4. This trend was also apparent with respect to breakthrough bleeding, but again the difference did not achieve statistical significance. The discontinuation rate because of adverse events was low (3%); no serious adverse events were reported. More than 78% of the women in the four countries maintained constant body weight or lost weight (2 kg) during the study. The treatment effect on blood pressure was negligible. There were no appreciable changes in mean laboratory values over the course of the study.

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Reportamos el número y el comportamiento de la frecuencia e incidencia del Embarazo Ectópico (EE) en Hospitales de atención pública de la Ciudad de Córdoba. Argentina, para el período 1981-90. Se registraron 356 de EE que, analizados, mostraron una mayor frecuencia del mismo en edades mayores que las normales para el embarazo ortotópico; incremento de la incidencia con el aumento de la edad de la gestante, duplicándose en las mayores de 30 años respecto de las menores; por último no hubo variación significativa en la incidencia de esta patología en los 10 años que abarcó el estudio, excepto un incremento poco significativo de la misma en el grupo de gestantes entre los 35 y 39 años. En comparación con estudios realizados por otros autores en otras regiones del mundo, los resultados coinciden cuando expresan que la incidencia aumenta con la edad de la gestante, mientras que no lo hacen con el incremento de la incidencia experimentado en dichas regiones en los últimos tiempos (AU)

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Reportamos el número y el comportamiento de la frecuencia e incidencia del Embarazo Ectópico (EE) en Hospitales de atención pública de la Ciudad de Córdoba. Argentina, para el período 1981-90. Se registraron 356 de EE que, analizados, mostraron una mayor frecuencia del mismo en edades mayores que las normales para el embarazo ortotópico; incremento de la incidencia con el aumento de la edad de la gestante, duplicándose en las mayores de 30 años respecto de las menores; por último no hubo variación significativa en la incidencia de esta patología en los 10 años que abarcó el estudio, excepto un incremento poco significativo de la misma en el grupo de gestantes entre los 35 y 39 años. En comparación con estudios realizados por otros autores en otras regiones del mundo, los resultados coinciden cuando expresan que la incidencia aumenta con la edad de la gestante, mientras que no lo hacen con el incremento de la incidencia experimentado en dichas regiones en los últimos tiempos

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