RESUMEN
Gatekeeper trainings are an approach intended to increase help seeking for suicide prevention. However, little is known of gatekeeper training's function in increasing gatekeeper intent to intervene with those in distress. The current study utilized the theory of planned behavior as a guide to predict gatekeeper's intention to intervene over a six-month period in a pilot randomized controlled trial of the Alliance Project gatekeeper training. Results suggested that the Alliance Project, predicted the growth curve of trainees' intention to intervene better than a control training from pretest through six months. Attitudes toward completing gatekeeper behaviors and perceived behavioral control over gatekeeper behaviors approached significance in a less parsimonious model. These findings suggest the Alliance Project produces changes in gatekeeper's intent to intervene through three months' time.
Asunto(s)
Personal Militar , Suicidio , Actitud , Humanos , Intención , Proyectos PilotoRESUMEN
This study investigated whether gender moderated the association between masculine socialization pressures of restrictive emotionality and suicide risk through suicide capability (i.e., fearlessness about death). A sample of inpatients admitted for recent suicidality (n = 194) completed validated measures of restrictive emotionality, fearlessness about death, and current suicide risk. A moderated mediation effect was found opposite the hypothesized direction: fearlessness about death mediated the relationship between endorsement of the masculine gender norm of restrictive emotionality and suicide risk in women, but not men. Gender did not moderate the association between restrictive emotionality and fearlessness about death. The diverging gender effects suggest that the masculine gender norm of restrictive emotionality is associated with suicide capability in men and women, while acquired fearlessness about death is more informative of risk for suicide in women than men.
Asunto(s)
Ideación Suicida , Suicidio , Emociones , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Teoría Psicológica , ViolenciaRESUMEN
Objective: College students are most likely to seek psychological help from their peers. Internalized public stigma (ie, personal stigma) may prevent peer-helpers from aiding others, and such help-negating effects may depend on contextual factors such as race and gender. The current study examined a moderated mediation model in which the relationship between public stigma and peer intervention behaviors was mediated by personal stigma and moderated by race and gender categories. Method: Undergraduate students (N = 5,183) from the national Healthy Minds Study completed measures of help-seeking stigma and peer-helping behaviors. Results: Conditional Process Modeling revealed that personal stigma fully mediated the link between public stigma and peer-helping behaviors. Gender (but not race) moderated these associations such that the indirect and direct effects were stronger from men than women. Conclusions: Peer-helper interventions may benefit from culture-specific re-norming messages and by addressing the role of gender in peer-helping.
Asunto(s)
Conducta de Ayuda , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud/psicología , Estigma Social , Estudiantes/psicología , Adolescente , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Grupo Paritario , Factores Raciales , Factores Sexuales , Estados Unidos , Universidades/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Gatekeeper training for suicide prevention was evaluated on a college campus to examine the impact of training on gatekeeper enactment of behaviors in support of suicide prevention and identify predictors of enactment of gatekeeper behaviors. Trained gatekeepers (N = 216) displayed greater perceived knowledge and self-efficacy for suicide prevention and reported higher rates of self-reported actual gatekeeper behaviors, including inquiring about suicidal ideation and referring for mental health treatment when they encountered someone in distress, compared to their untrained counterparts (N = 169). Consistent with the Theory of Planned Behavior, SEM results indicated that attitudes, self-efficacy, and perceived knowledge explained intentions to engage in gatekeeper behaviors, accounting for 59% of the variance in intentions to inquire about suicidal ideation and supporting the role of attitudes and perceived behavioral control in intentions to act. These intentions explained self-reported actual gatekeeper behaviors among participants who encountered someone in distress, with each one-point increase in intention associated with nearly twice the likelihood of both inquiring about suicidal ideation and referring someone for mental health care. On the other hand, self-reported situational barriers were associated with a decreased likelihood of referral behavior, indicating the role of actual behavioral control over volitional actions. Findings support the value of gatekeeper training for promoting factors that influence the likelihood of action on behalf of suicide prevention.