RESUMEN
QUESTION: Is an injury prevention program consisting of 10 exercises designed to improve stability, muscle strength, co-ordination, and flexibility of the trunk, hip and leg muscles (known as The11) cost effective in adult male amateur soccer players? DESIGN: Cost-effectiveness analysis of a cluster-randomised controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS: 479 adult male amateur soccer players aged 18-40 years. INTERVENTION: The intervention group was instructed to perform the exercises at each training session (2 to 3 sessions per week) during one soccer season. The exercises focus on core stability, eccentric training of thigh muscles, proprioceptive training, dynamic stabilisation, and plyometrics with straight leg alignment. The control group continued their usual warm-up. OUTCOME MEASURES: All injuries and costs associated with these injuries were compared between groups after bootstrapping (5000 replications). RESULTS: No significant differences in the proportion of injured players and injury rate were found between the two groups. Mean overall costs in the intervention group were 161 (SD 447) per athlete and 256 (SD 555) per injured athlete. Mean overall costs in the control group were 361 (SD 1529) per athlete and 606 (SD 1944) per injured athlete. Statistically significant cost differences in favour of the intervention group were found per player (mean difference 201, 95% CI 15 to 426) and per injured player (mean difference 350, 95% CI 51 to 733). CONCLUSIONS: The exercises failed to significantly reduce the number of injuries in male amateur soccer players within one season, but did significantly reduce injury-related costs. The cost savings might be the result of a preventive effect on knee injuries, which often have substantial costs due to lengthy rehabilitation and lost productivity. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NTR2416.
Asunto(s)
Traumatismos en Atletas/economía , Traumatismos en Atletas/prevención & control , Entrenamiento de Fuerza/economía , Entrenamiento de Fuerza/métodos , Fútbol/lesiones , Adolescente , Adulto , Traumatismos en Atletas/fisiopatología , Análisis Costo-Beneficio/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Evaluación de Resultado en la Atención de Salud , Modalidades de Fisioterapia/economía , Músculo Cuádriceps/fisiología , Fútbol/fisiología , Muslo/fisiología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The incidence rate of soccer injuries is among the highest in sports, particularly for adult male soccer players. PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of the 'The11' injury prevention programme on injury incidence and injury severity in adult male amateur soccer players. STUDY DESIGN: Cluster-randomised controlled trial. METHODS: Teams from two high-level amateur soccer competitions were randomly assigned to an intervention (n=11 teams, 223 players) or control group (n=12 teams, 233 players). The intervention group was instructed to perform The11 in each practice session during one soccer season. The11 focuses on core stability, eccentric training of thigh muscles, proprioceptive training, dynamic stabilisation and plyometrics with straight leg alignment. All participants of the control group continued their practice sessions as usual. RESULTS: In total, 427 injuries were recorded, affecting 274 of 456 players (60.1%). Compliance with the intervention programme was good (team compliance=73%, player compliance=71%). Contrary to the hypothesis, injury incidences were almost equal between the two study groups: 9.6 per 1000 sports hours (8.4-11.0) for the intervention group and 9.7 (8.5-11.1) for the control group. No significant differences were found in injury severity, but a significant difference was observed in the location of the injuries: players in the intervention group sustained significantly less knee injuries. CONCLUSIONS: This study did not find significant differences in the overall injury incidence or injury severity between the intervention and control group of adult male soccer players. More research is recommended, focusing on injury aetiology and risk factors in adult male amateur soccer players.
Asunto(s)
Terapia por Ejercicio/métodos , Traumatismos de la Pierna/prevención & control , Fútbol/lesiones , Adolescente , Adulto , Traumatismos en Atletas/prevención & control , Análisis por Conglomerados , Humanos , Masculino , Cooperación del Paciente , Análisis de Regresión , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Approximately 16% of all sports injuries in the Netherlands are caused by outdoor soccer. A cluster-randomised controlled trial has been designed to investigate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an injury prevention programme ('The11') for male amateur soccer players. The injury prevention programme The11, developed with the support of the World Football Association FIFA, aims to reduce the impact of intrinsic injury risk factors in soccer. METHODS: Teams playing at first-class amateur level in two districts in the Netherlands are participating in the study. Teams in the intervention group were instructed to apply The11 during each practice session throughout the 2009-10 season. All participants of the control group continued their practice sessions as usual. All soccer-related injuries and related costs for each team were systematically reported online by a member of the medical staff. Player exposure to practice sessions and matches was reported weekly by the coaches. Also the use of The11 during the season after the intervention season will be monitored. DISCUSSION: Our hypothesis is that integrating the The11 exercises in the warm-up for each practice session is effective in terms of injury incidence, injury severity, healthcare use, and its associated costs and/or absenteeism. Prevention of soccer injuries is expected to be beneficial to adult soccer players, soccer clubs, the Royal Dutch Football Association (KNVB), health insurance companies and society.