RESUMEN
There was investigated the effect of chronic Cr (VI) on the content of chromium, iron, copper; zinc, nickel in the blood of rats and activity of antioxidant enzymes of erythrocytes in Wistar rats. The chromium concentration has been shown to increase multifold while the level of other metal is more or less declining. Also it was found a decrease in the activity of such antioxidant enzymes as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and the activation of the processes of free radical oxidation. Thus, it can be assumed that the effect of Cr (VI) is implemented via an imbalance of trace elements and the activation of the processes of free radical oxidation.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Radicales Libres/metabolismo , Oligoelementos/sangre , Animales , Cromo/administración & dosificación , Cromo/sangre , Eritrocitos/metabolismo , Oxidación-Reducción , Ratas , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
The quality of potable water at the exit point for distribution networks and a network for three zones (central, east and northern) where the Orenburg population lived compactly were studied which showed its difference. The complex anthropogenic and total oxidative loads created by aqueous and air environments were calculated; the maximum values for inhabitants of the east part of the city were established, which correspond to the higher levels of nitrates, chlorides, and sulfates in the water and its general mineralization and general rigidity.
Asunto(s)
Contaminantes Atmosféricos/análisis , Agua Potable/normas , Monitoreo del Ambiente/métodos , Industrias , Contaminación Química del Agua/análisis , Abastecimiento de Agua/normas , Agua Potable/química , Humanos , Contaminación Química del Agua/prevención & controlRESUMEN
The paper shows that a chronic slowly developing inflammation manifesting itself as adipokine imbalance and lipid metabolism abnormalities in the body under the influence of unfavorable environmental factors.
Asunto(s)
Proteína C-Reactiva/metabolismo , Citocinas/metabolismo , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/efectos adversos , Enfermedades Ambientales/complicaciones , Inflamación/etiología , Metabolismo de los Lípidos/efectos de los fármacos , Enfermedades Ambientales/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Ambientales/metabolismo , Humanos , Inflamación/metabolismoRESUMEN
The paper gives the results of a study of the biochemical status of general educational school pupils in Orenburg and the Sakmarsky District, Orenburg Region. The findings suggest that biochemical abnormalities found in the urban and rural schoolchildren may result from nutrition that is irrational and inadequate in terms of their age and gender.
Asunto(s)
Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales de los Adolescentes/fisiología , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales Infantiles/fisiología , Metabolismo Energético/fisiología , Población Rural , Instituciones Académicas , Estudiantes , Población Urbana , Adolescente , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Federación de RusiaRESUMEN
The hair levels of metals were measured in the workers of gas-and-chemical industry. The intensity of oxidative stress was estimated from the activity of antioxidative enzymes in the lysates of erythrocytes and serum gamma-glutamyltransferase. An association was found between the content of the metals under study and the intensity of free radical oxidation processes in persons engaged in different production cycles.
Asunto(s)
Industria Química , Metales/análisis , Enfermedades Profesionales/metabolismo , Exposición Profesional/análisis , Estrés Oxidativo/fisiología , Radicales Libres/análisis , Humanos , Enfermedades Profesionales/diagnóstico , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadRESUMEN
The environmental oxidative burden was established in the eastern, central, and western areas of the Orenburg Region. The rate of serum lipid peroxidation (LPO) processes was determined. The level of cholesterol and its distribution by the fractions of lipoproteins of different classes were studied in the region's residents. The residential areas with a high oxidative load are characterized by the higher rate of LPO and the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia.
Asunto(s)
Colesterol/sangre , Hipercolesterolemia/epidemiología , Adulto , Anciano , Humanos , Hipercolesterolemia/sangre , Peroxidación de Lípido , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Federación de Rusia/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
The chemical composition of drinking water was studied by some indices: total mineralization, oxidability, harshness by different regional economic areas of an angoindustrial region. The content of trace elements, imbalance of which had been found by earlier studies, was determined. Higher water mineralization was ascertained in the central area, higher water harshness and oxidability were in the eastern area. The areas under study showed the inhomogeneous content of trace elements.
Asunto(s)
Agua Dulce/química , Oligoelementos/análisis , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Abastecimiento de Agua/análisis , Humanos , Federación de RusiaRESUMEN
The urinary and serum levels of vitamins B1, B2, B3, A, E, and C were analyzed in 300 children aged 2 to 7 years, who lived in the Orenburg Regions areas having a varying oxidative load. The most severe deficiency of vitamins was observed in the children residing in the regional area characterized by the highest oxidative load.
Asunto(s)
Avitaminosis/prevención & control , Contaminantes Ambientales/efectos adversos , Metales , Vitaminas/provisión & distribución , Avitaminosis/sangre , Avitaminosis/etiología , Niño , Preescolar , Indicadores de Salud , Humanos , Estrés Oxidativo , Prevalencia , Federación de Rusia/epidemiología , Vitaminas/farmacocinéticaRESUMEN
The level of cholesterol and its distribution by the fractions of lipoproteins of different classes were studied in the dwellers of an industrial town. The persons living in the residential areas characterized by a high oxidative stress were observed to have higher blood cholesterol levels and dyslipoproteinemia.
Asunto(s)
Hipercolesterolemia/epidemiología , Industrias , Estrés Oxidativo/fisiología , Población Urbana/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Prevalencia , Federación de Rusia/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Aliovalent metals (d-metals, such as manganese, nickel, iron, copper, chromium, etc.) which are able to change the degree of oxidation, to activate free radical oxidative processes, and to initiate the development of the condition that is currently defined as oxidative stress soundly and which are diagnostic criteria in the prenosological assessment of health risks are prominent among other priority ambient air pollutants. The findings suggest that there is a direct relationship between the calculated indices characterizing the carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic effects, the risk of oxidative stress, the environmental availability of prooxidants, mainly d-elements (manganese, nickel, copper, zinc) and the actual values of an increase in the rate of lipid peroxidation, of a decrease in antioxidative activity, and of an elevation in the level of methemoglobin formation.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Ambientales/etiología , Contaminantes Ambientales/efectos adversos , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Estrés Oxidativo/fisiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Enfermedades Ambientales/metabolismo , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/efectos adversos , Estado de Salud , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Medición de RiesgoRESUMEN
The levels of lead were determined in snow water, soil, and sludge. Its highest concentration was found in the deposits of the eastern and central areas of the region. These are areas with elevated technogenic loads. The concentration of lead in the snow cover was compared with its levels in the sludge and soil.
Asunto(s)
Intoxicación por Plomo/epidemiología , Áreas de Influencia de Salud , Humanos , Federación de Rusia/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
The mean concentrations of trace elements were determined in the bottoms of open water reservoirs in the western part of the Orenburg Region. The content of chromium was found to exceed the maximum permissible concentration by about 5 times, that of zinc and nickel complies with the clarke; that of copper was nearly 2 times less than the clarke, that of cobalt and vanadium is nearly 1.5 times less. The concentrations of trace elements in the bottoms were compared with those in soil, portable water, and snow cover in order to elucidate possible sources of origin.
Asunto(s)
Contaminantes del Suelo/análisis , Oligoelementos/análisis , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Abastecimiento de Agua/análisis , Cromo/análisis , Cobalto/análisis , Cobre/análisis , Humanos , Concentración Máxima Admisible , Níquel/análisis , Siberia , Nieve , Vanadio/análisis , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Zinc/análisisRESUMEN
Animal experiments have indicated that chronic ethanol intoxication suppresses the activity of microsomal oxidation of enzymes and limits their induction with phenobarbital.
Asunto(s)
Intoxicación Alcohólica/etiología , Etanol/efectos adversos , Etanol/farmacocinética , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/metabolismo , Xenobióticos/efectos adversos , Xenobióticos/farmacocinética , Animales , Biotransformación , Etanol/administración & dosificación , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
AIM: To study lipid peroxidation (LPO) in Bechterev's disease (BD) treated with antiinflammatory and antioxidant drugs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: LPO was estimated in 75 BD patients before medication and during this treatment. 30 healthy volunteers served control. RESULTS: Levels of LPO products was high but activity of antioxidant defense enzymes low in BD patients. CONCLUSION: Antiinflammatory drugs meloxicam, indometacin and an antioxidant drug triovit depressed LPO activity, improve the patients' condition and results of functional tests.
Asunto(s)
Peroxidación de Lípido , Espondilitis Anquilosante/enzimología , Espondilitis Anquilosante/metabolismo , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/administración & dosificación , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/uso terapéutico , Antioxidantes/administración & dosificación , Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Femenino , Radicales Libres/metabolismo , Humanos , Indometacina/administración & dosificación , Indometacina/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Meloxicam , Espondilitis Anquilosante/sangre , Espondilitis Anquilosante/tratamiento farmacológico , Tiazinas/administración & dosificación , Tiazinas/uso terapéutico , Tiazoles/administración & dosificación , Tiazoles/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Adaptation to intermittent hypoxia in a hypobaric altitude chamber reduced two-fold ethanol consumption in chronically alcoholized rats and limited or eliminated abstinence syndrome. The effect of the adaptation was evident from prevented development of abstinence analgesia, enhanced alcohol consumption following deprivation, abstinence activation of lipid peroxidation in the liver, and release of hepato-specific enzymes fructose monophosphate and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase into blood. At the same time adaptation prevented the fall of cardiac fibrillation threshold and pronounced disturbance of ventricular contraction and relaxation. The problem is discussed of using adaptation to intermittent hypoxia in the treatment for those forms of alcoholism in which abstinence plays the key role.
Asunto(s)
Adaptación Fisiológica/fisiología , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/fisiopatología , Alcoholismo/fisiopatología , Etanol/efectos adversos , Hipoxia/fisiopatología , Periodicidad , Síndrome de Abstinencia a Sustancias/fisiopatología , Animales , Cámaras de Exposición Atmosférica , Corazón/efectos de los fármacos , Corazón/fisiopatología , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/fisiopatología , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Adaptation to intermittent hypoxia in the hypobaric altitude chamber showed a two-fold decrease in ethanol consumption in chronically alcoholized rats and attenuated or arrested the withdrawal syndrome. The impact of adaptation to the withdrawal syndrome was that it prevented the development of withdrawal analgesia, higher alcohol consumption after its withdrawal, withdrawal hepatic activation of lipid oxidation products and blood release of the hepatic specific enzymes fructose monophosphataldolase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Concurrently, the adaptation prevented the withdrawal fall of the cardiac fibrillation threshold and marked disorders of ventricular contraction and relaxation. The paper discusses whether adaptation to intermittent hypoxia can be used in the management of the types of alcoholism in whose development the withdrawal plays the key role.
Asunto(s)
Etanol/efectos adversos , Hipoxia/inducido químicamente , Síndrome de Abstinencia a Sustancias , Adaptación Fisiológica , Animales , Cardiopatías/fisiopatología , Hipoxia/fisiopatología , Hepatopatías Alcohólicas/fisiopatología , Masculino , RatasRESUMEN
Peculiarities of creatinemia and creatinurea have been studied in patients with different stages of the heart failure. Administration of alpha-tocopherol, an antioxidant, promotes normalization of these changes. Antioxidants are discussed in the aspect of their possibility prevent the creatine loss by the heart and skeletal muscles in case of the heart failure.
Asunto(s)
Gasto Cardíaco Bajo/metabolismo , Creatina/metabolismo , Vitamina E/uso terapéutico , Gasto Cardíaco Bajo/tratamiento farmacológico , Creatina/sangre , Creatina/orina , Femenino , Humanos , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , MasculinoAsunto(s)
Adaptación Fisiológica/fisiología , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/fisiopatología , Alcoholismo/fisiopatología , Etanol/efectos adversos , Hipoxia/fisiopatología , Síndrome de Abstinencia a Sustancias/fisiopatología , Animales , Cámaras de Exposición Atmosférica , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas EndogámicasRESUMEN
The maximum physical exercises lead to the activation of lipid peroxidation in rats. It is accompanied by an increase in the concentration of diene conjugates and malonic dialdehyde in skeletal muscles. Preliminary administration of ionol antioxidant, prevents these changes. The possibilities of using the antioxidant in the prevention of skeletal muscle lesion during physical exercises are discussed.