RESUMEN
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) represents a partially-understood cerebrovascular disease of high incidence, morbidity and mortality. We, herein, report the findings of our study concerning the role of two important adenosinetriphosphatases (ATPases) in a porcine model of spontaneous ICH that we have recently developed (by following recent references as well as previously-established models and techniques), with a focus on the first 4 and 24 h following the lesion's induction, in combination with a study of the effectiveness of the lazaroid antioxidant U-74389G administration. Our study demonstrates that the examined ICH model does not cause a decrease in Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity (the levels of which are responsible for a very large part of neuronal energy expenditure) in the perihematomal basal ganglia territory, nor a change in the activity of Mg(2+)-ATPase. This is the first report focusing on these crucial ATPases in the experimental setting of ICH and differs from the majority of the findings concerning the behavior of these (crucial for central nervous system cell survival) enzymes under stroke-related ischemic conditions. The administration of U-74389G (an established antioxidant) in this ICH model revealed an injury specific type of behavior, that could be considered as neuroprotective provided that one considers that Na(+),K(+)- and Mg(2+)-ATPase inhibition might in this case diminish the local ATP consumption.
Asunto(s)
Adenosina Trifosfatasas/efectos de los fármacos , Adenosina Trifosfatasas/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Hemorragia Cerebral/enzimología , Fármacos Neuroprotectores , Pregnatrienos/farmacología , Adenosina Trifosfato/metabolismo , Animales , Encéfalo/enzimología , Encéfalo/patología , ATPasa de Ca(2+) y Mg(2+)/efectos de los fármacos , ATPasa de Ca(2+) y Mg(2+)/metabolismo , Hemorragia Cerebral/patología , Masculino , ATPasa Intercambiadora de Sodio-Potasio/efectos de los fármacos , ATPasa Intercambiadora de Sodio-Potasio/metabolismo , PorcinosRESUMEN
STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study on 9 patients treated for ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) at the lumbar spine. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical and radiologic findings as well as the postoperative results of the patients. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Ossification of ligamentum flavum (OLF) in the lumbar region causing neurologic impairment is a rare pathologic entity described mainly in Japanese literature. The present study represents the largest surgical series of European patients with OLF at the lumbar spine. METHODS: A retrospective study of 9 consecutive patients was conducted between 2000 and 2005. The clinical status was evaluated according to the Japanese Orthopedic Association scale. Potential associated disorders were also recorded. Diagnosis in each case was established using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Whole-spine magnetic resonance imaging was routinely used in order to reveal possible coexisting spinal lesions. Pathologic confirmation was available in all cases. RESULTS: Radicular pain was the most common presenting symptom. Myotomal weakness was found in most of the cases. A majority of our patients had lesions located at the L3-L5 levels. Thoracic OLF was recorded as a spinal coexisting ossified lesion. Surgery led to neurologic improvement with a statistically significant increase in the Japanese Orthopedic Association score (P = 0.007). The median recovery rate was 91.60% +/- 43.85%. CONCLUSION: It is possible that OLF is underreported in the Greek population. Surgical treatment is important in order to improve functional outcomes.