RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To describe food shopping frequency across 7 store types in a rural context and compare food shopping frequency between federal nutrition assistance recipients and nonrecipients. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at county fairs in rural Tennessee. RESULTS: Reported overall mean food shopping frequency was 18.4 (SD, 13.9) times in the past 30 days. A mean of 3.1 (SD, 1.2) store types were visited, with supermarkets, convenience stores, and dollar stores the most frequented stores. Federal nutrition assistance program recipients shopped significantly less frequently than nonrecipients for overall shopping frequency (Pâ¯=â¯0.02), supermarkets (Pâ¯=â¯0.02), and farmers' markets (Pâ¯=â¯0.04). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Educating and counseling individuals on how food shopping frequency may promote nutrition and health may be important. Federal nutrition assistance programs that distribute benefits monthly may impact food shopping frequency.
Asunto(s)
Asistencia Alimentaria , Verduras , Adulto , Comercio , Estudios Transversales , Abastecimiento de Alimentos , Frutas , Humanos , TennesseeRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Both the physical and social home food environment (HFE) are believed to influence dietary intake and diet quality, but few studies have examined both aspects together. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among the physical and social HFE, dietary intake, and diet quality in mothers and children. DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional substudy of a larger study. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: The study included 24 mothers (aged ≥30 years) with a biological child aged 6 to 12 years living in the Newark, DE, area between June and November 2018. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The outcome measures of interest included the physical HFE (ie, home food availability); aspects of the social HFE (ie, parenting styles, family meal frequency, and policies); maternal and child intake of fruits, vegetables, sugar-sweetened beverages, and snacks; and diet quality using the 2015 Healthy Eating Index total score. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Pearson correlations were used to examine the relationship between physical HFE and dietary intake as well as social HFE and dietary intake in both mothers and children. The relationships were further examined through exploratory regression analyses. RESULTS: In mothers, fruit availability in the physical HFE was correlated with fruit intake (r = 0.50; P = 0.02). Fruit and vegetable availability in the physical HFE were correlated with 2015 Healthy Eating Index total score in both the mother and child. Family meals participation was correlated with dietary intake (vegetable intake in children, r = 0.44; P = 0.04; and snack intake in mothers, r = -0.74; P < .001). Exploratory regression analysis showed vegetables in the HFE was associated with vegetable intake and 2015 Healthy Eating Index total score in mothers, and fruits and vegetables in the HFE were associated with child 2015 Healthy Eating Index total score. Family meals participation was negatively associated with maternal snack intake and child sugar-sweetened beverages intake. Authoritative parenting was negatively associated with child snack intake and permissive parenting was negatively associated with mother's fruit intake. CONCLUSIONS: Both the physical and social HFE are associated with maternal and child dietary intake, but only the physical HFE was associated with dietary quality. Although preliminary, these data indicate the importance of future studies that include measures to assess both the physical and social HFE to better elucidate the influences of the HFE on dietary intake.
Asunto(s)
Dieta Saludable/estadística & datos numéricos , Ingestión de Alimentos , Abastecimiento de Alimentos/estadística & datos numéricos , Madres/estadística & datos numéricos , Medio Social , Adulto , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Delaware , Ambiente , Conducta Alimentaria , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Responsabilidad Parental , Análisis de RegresiónRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Food skills are behaviors surrounding the planning, purchasing, and preparing of food. Food skills have been identified as important for promoting diet quality. Little work has investigated specific food skills perceived by parents to promote a healthy diet or parents' perceived barriers to implementing food skills. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to determine current food skills that parents identify as helpful behaviors for consuming a healthy diet and the perceived barriers to implementing food skills. DESIGN: We conducted a qualitative study using focus groups with mothers (18 years or older) who reported being primarily responsible for acquiring and preparing food. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Thirty mothers with at least 1 child under the age of 18 years were asked to attend 1 of 5 focus groups held in a university setting. MAIN OUTCOMES: Outcomes included emergent themes and subthemes within the domains of food skill behaviors identified as helpful and perceived barriers to implementing food skills. ANALYSIS: Focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was used to analyze transcripts and descriptive statistics were used to characterize participant demographics. RESULTS: Food skill themes identified as helpful behaviors for consuming a healthy diet included mothers' resourcefulness, overall planning behaviors, and child involvement and influence. Themes for barriers to implementing food skills included limited time, cooking for multiple needs and tastes, exposure to food and sales while shopping, and food cost. CONCLUSIONS: Qualitative findings indicated that mothers need behavior strategies for time management, meeting multiple family needs, dealing with exposure to food and sales, and food resource management rather than being provided solely with education. These findings can inform future behavior-based interventions to improve the diet quality of families.