RESUMEN
Fecal specimens collected in the early stage of the disease from hepatitis patients classified by serological, clinical, and epidemiological data as non-A-non-B hepatitis were examined by means of cross immune electron microscopy. Extracts of feces from such patients were found to contain full, semi-empty, and empty virus particles without envelopes, 27-30 nm in size, forming immune complexes only in the presence of acute and convalescent sera from patients with this type of hepatitis. The lack of serological crosses with hepatitis A and non-A-non-B viruses isolated in other regions suggests that this virus is antigenically distinct. The final solution requires further studies in which methods of molecular biology of viruses should be used.
Asunto(s)
Heces/microbiología , Hepatitis C/transmisión , Hepatitis Viral Humana/transmisión , Antígenos Virales/análisis , Convalecencia , Reacciones Cruzadas , Anticuerpos Antihepatitis/análisis , Anticuerpos contra la Hepatitis B/análisis , Antígenos de Superficie de la Hepatitis B/análisis , Hepatitis C/inmunología , Hepatitis C/microbiología , Hepatovirus/inmunología , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina M/análisis , Microscopía Electrónica , Factores de Tiempo , Virión/inmunologíaRESUMEN
A certain role in the outcome of virus infection of cells was assumed to belong to cell membrane lipids peroxidation. The influence of known inhibitors of lipid peroxidation, beta-naphthol and ionol, on HeLa cells infection with human adenovirus type 2 was studied. These antioxidants in certain concentrations were found to be capable of effectively inhibiting virus infection of HeLa cell cultures. At the same time, beyond these concentration levels these antioxidants did not inhibit but stimulated virus infection of HeLa cell cultures. It is concluded that inhibition of virus infection of cells by antioxidants in moderate concentrations is due to their blocking of membrane lipids peroxidation. The opposite effect of antioxidants in much higher or lower concentrations may be due to their membranotropic effect which enhances the development of virus infection. The results of the study attest to the possible use of antioxidants in appropriate concentrations for control of virus infection.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Adenoviridae/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Adenovirus Humanos/tratamiento farmacológico , Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico , Células HeLa/efectos de los fármacos , Infecciones por Adenovirus Humanos/metabolismo , Hidroxitolueno Butilado/uso terapéutico , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Células HeLa/metabolismo , Humanos , Peróxidos Lipídicos/metabolismo , Lípidos de la Membrana/metabolismo , Naftoles/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
It is assumed that the process of virus infection of cells causes significant changes in the conditions of lipid peroxidation in membrane structures of such cells. Experiments with virus-infected HeLa cells demonstrated noticeable decrease in the capacity of membrane lipids for peroxidation induced by ultraviolet irradiation and iron monoxide ions. Similar changes were also observed in membranes of chick embryo liver cells infected with viruses. The established reduced capacity of lipids in membranes of virus-infected cells to induced peroxidation (interpreted as the increase of their antioxidant activity) is characteristic of whole membranes only, because the lipids extracted from infected and control cells showed no differences in their capacity to peroxidation in liposomal membranes when oxidation was induced by iron monoxide.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Adenoviridae/metabolismo , Infecciones por Adenovirus Humanos/metabolismo , Gripe Humana/metabolismo , Peróxidos Lipídicos/metabolismo , Lípidos de la Membrana/metabolismo , Animales , Membrana Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Membrana Celular/efectos de la radiación , Células Cultivadas , Embrión de Pollo , Células HeLa/efectos de los fármacos , Células HeLa/metabolismo , Células HeLa/efectos de la radiación , Humanos , Hierro/farmacología , Peróxidos Lipídicos/efectos de la radiación , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/metabolismo , Hígado/efectos de la radiación , Mediciones Luminiscentes , Oxidación-Reducción/efectos de los fármacos , Oxidación-Reducción/efectos de la radiación , Rayos UltravioletaRESUMEN
Excretion of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in the time course of the infectious process is described. Among 197 fecal specimens collected from 45 patients HAV was found in 40 (20.5%); in 51% of the patients the virus was isolated in the 1st week of the icteric period, in 25% in the 2nd week and in 4% in the 3rd week. The buoyant density in cesium chloride gradient of virus specimens obtained on the 1st-2nd day of jaundice was represented by one peak of 1.30-1.35 g/cm3, whereas the material collected at late periods of the disease had heterogeneous buoyant density in zones from 1.24 to 1.43 g/cm3. The immune electron microscopic studies showed the fecal specimens collected early in the disease to be richer in virus than those collected at later intervals.
Asunto(s)
Heces/microbiología , Hepatitis A/microbiología , Hepatovirus/aislamiento & purificación , Adolescente , Adulto , Antígenos Virales/análisis , Niño , Preescolar , Hepatovirus/inmunología , Humanos , Ictericia/microbiología , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Efficiency of sodium dicloxacillin in the form of capsules prepared at the All-Union Research Institute of Antibiotics was studied in treatment of 23 patients with acute pneumonia (mainly of staphylococcal etiology) and 16 patients with chronic pneumonia at the stage of exacerbation. High therapeutic effect of dicloxacillin in treatment of acute pneumonia in a daily dose of 4--5 gm was found. Satisfactory results were obtained with combined use of dicloxacillin and benzylpenicillin. In treatment of chronic pneumonia dicloxacillin was less effective. No toxic effect of dicloxacillin on the parenchymatose organs and peripheral blood was registered.
Asunto(s)
Bronconeumonía/tratamiento farmacológico , Dicloxacilina/uso terapéutico , Enfermedad Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Cápsulas , Enfermedad Crónica , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Dicloxacilina/administración & dosificación , Evaluación de Medicamentos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Femenino , Humanos , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Penicilina G/uso terapéutico , Neumonía/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Regular laboratory and clinical examinations were carried out in 150 patients with acute respiratory diseases and 25 normal subjects from family foci in whom adenovirus antigen was found in the epithelial cells of the nasal mucosa by means of the immunofluorescence test upon admission. By combinations of various laboratory methods adenovirus infection was confirmed in all the subjects under study. In preparations obtained from normal subjects, predominantly nuclear localization of adenovirus antigen was observed. In patients, localization of the antigen varied. Detection of cells with nuclear localization of adenovirus antigen, the regularity of this localization and the duration of this finding suggest latent infection, whereas findings of cells with cytoplasmic localization of the antigen and an increase in the number of such cells in the course of the disease suggest active adenovirus infection.