RESUMEN
Anthropometric study of 1425 children of both sexes aged 4-7 years followed by somatodiagnostics according to R. N. Dorokhov method has revealed that at the age of 4 significant proportion of girls belonged to macrosomal type. In the age period of 5-7 years, most part of the children belonged to mesosomal type. However, among the girls of 5-6 years and the boys of 5-7 years the significant proportion belonged to microsomal type (21.1-28.3% of children studied). The growth of height and body mass is more intensive in girls as compared to boys during the whole period of the first childhood. This regularity was found in all the somatotypes with the exclusion of the boys of macrosomal type aged 6-7 years, in whom the maximal reduction of growth of body length was observed.
Asunto(s)
Estatura/fisiología , Peso Corporal/fisiología , Somatotipos/fisiología , Antropometría , Composición Corporal/fisiología , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Crecimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Factores SexualesRESUMEN
The data on age changes occurring in the height of the articular cleft of the talocrural joint, in morphological components of the diaphysis of the crus and foot bones have been presented in pole-jumpers and in non-sportsmen at the age of 13-21 years. Roentgenological, roentgenogrammetric and x-ray densitometric methods have been used. At the age of 14-15 years the greatest changes in the talocrural joint, crus and foot bones are noted.
Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento , Articulación del Tobillo/anatomía & histología , Huesos/anatomía & histología , Pie/anatomía & histología , Pierna/anatomía & histología , Deportes , Adolescente , Adulto , Articulación del Tobillo/diagnóstico por imagen , Densidad Ósea , Huesos/diagnóstico por imagen , Pie/diagnóstico por imagen , Dureza , Humanos , Pierna/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Osteogénesis , RadiografíaRESUMEN
Good correlation between the size of necrosis, as measured by precordial cartograms of 35 ECG leads, and blood CPK and LDH activity and myoglobin levels was demonstrated in 21 myocardial infarction patients. Myoglobin measurement is particularly informative for early diagnosis of myocardial infarction and the assessment of the size of necrosis. A formula is proposed for the estimation of the size of necrosis on the basis of variation in R waves from 35 ECG leads.
Asunto(s)
Creatina Quinasa/sangre , L-Lactato Deshidrogenasa/sangre , Infarto del Miocardio/diagnóstico , Miocardio/patología , Mioglobina/sangre , Anciano , Pruebas Enzimáticas Clínicas , Electrocardiografía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infarto del Miocardio/sangre , Infarto del Miocardio/patología , NecrosisRESUMEN
Metacarpal bones have been examined in hand X-ray photos of 125 sportsmen at the age of 17-18 years who go in for swimming (dynamic loading on the hand) and competitive gymnastics (static loading on the hand). Under the effect of systematic trainings, which are connected with an increased loading on the hand, a number of morphological changes take place in the metacarpal bones. A prolonged loading of the dynamic character delays the synostosis process in the distal parts of the forearm bones and contributes to lengthening the I, III and IV and to widening the I-V metacarpal bones. As demonstrate decreasing indices of compactness in the swimmers, the widening diaphisis of the metacarpal bones occurs at the expense of dilatation of the medullary cavity. The static loadings result in a greater delay of the synostosis processes in the upper extremity parts mentioned, in a greater width of the I-III, V metacarpal bones in boy-gymnasts. The increased index of compactness demonstrates that the widening diaphysis of the metacarpal bones takes place at the expense of thickening of the compact substance and narrowing of the medullary cavity.
Asunto(s)
Huesos del Metacarpo/crecimiento & desarrollo , Deportes , Adolescente , Desarrollo Óseo , Femenino , Gimnasia , Humanos , Masculino , Caracteres Sexuales , Patinación , Fútbol , NataciónRESUMEN
Luliberin, a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, was shown to inhibit the respiratory enzymes of rat liver mitochondria and submitochondrial particles prepared from beef heart mitochondria. At the hormone concentration of 8.10(-6) M the NADH-oxidase activity of the submitochondrial particles was inhibited by 50%. The fragments of the hormone and its analogs and pyroglutamic acid, oxytocin and bradikinin possessed practically no inhibiting effects. In the case of submitochondrial particles the inhibition was only observed in the presence of Ca2+ and was significantly decreased after addition of bovine serum albumin and phospholipase inhibitors -- butacaine and dicaine. It is assumed that the effect of luliberin on the respiratory chain is mediated through mitochondrial phospholipase.
Asunto(s)
Hormona Liberadora de Gonadotropina/farmacología , Mitocondrias Cardíacas/enzimología , Mitocondrias Hepáticas/enzimología , Consumo de Oxígeno/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Bovinos , Cinética , Mitocondrias Cardíacas/efectos de los fármacos , Mitocondrias Hepáticas/efectos de los fármacos , NADH NADPH Oxidorreductasas/metabolismo , Ratas , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Partículas Submitocóndricas/efectos de los fármacos , Partículas Submitocóndricas/enzimologíaRESUMEN
Studies of the effects of luliberin (luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone) on cardiac cells showed that the hormone is specifically bound by the sarcolemmal membrane. The activity of the membrane enzyme -- reception of luliberin involves two types of binding sites with high (K' = 10(7) M-1) and low (K'' = 10(5) M-1) affinities for the hormone, respectively. The hormone has no effect on the activities of adenylate cyclase and phosphodiesterase.
Asunto(s)
Hormona Liberadora de Gonadotropina/farmacología , Miocardio/metabolismo , Sarcolema/metabolismo , ATPasa Intercambiadora de Sodio-Potasio/metabolismo , 3',5'-AMP Cíclico Fosfodiesterasas/metabolismo , Adenilil Ciclasas/metabolismo , Animales , Femenino , Hormona Liberadora de Gonadotropina/metabolismo , Membranas Intracelulares/metabolismo , Cinética , Ratas , Receptores de Superficie Celular/metabolismoRESUMEN
The level of luliberin, the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH), and the possibility of the hormonal control of metabolic and biosynthetic processes in the heart were studied. It was shown that the rat heart contains a factor, which is immunochemically and chromatographically related to LH-RH (19--46 picograms per organ). Intraperitoneal injection of LH-RH increases the activities of phosphorylase A and ornithine decarboxylase and the concentration of 3',5'-AMP and potentiates the stimulating effect of adrenaline on ornithine decarboxylase.