RESUMEN
PURPOSE: To evaluate the possibility and advantages of using echography for optic nerve head estimation of glaucoma patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 146 patients (146 eyes) - group A and 20 glaucoma patients (24 eyes)- group B underwent ultrasound investigation. On B - scan the optic nerve head was evaluated with the help of 10 MHz probe. In the patients with the possibility of glaucoma with transparent ocular media the C/D ratio was measured. RESULTS: In 6 patients of group A large cup of the optic disc was detected, which correlated with the eye fundus picture. In group B only in one case there was no correlation between echographic image of the optic cup and the eye fundus picture. CONCLUSIONS: During the ultrasound investigation of the eyes of patients before cataract extraction, corneal transplantation or vitreoretinal surgery we suggest the echography imaging of the optic cup as a routine procedure, which will be helpful in the diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma.
Asunto(s)
Glaucoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Nervio Óptico/diagnóstico por imagen , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
Investigations were carried out to clarify the role of autoimmune phenomena in the pathogenesis of human cataract. We determined the antibodies to lens proteins of serum in the following groups of patients: patients with senile cataract, patients with diabetic cataract, patients with diabetes mellitus, dependent of insulin and without cataract, patients without cataract and without diabetes mellitus (healthy adults), using the plate gel with double diffusion method described by Ouchterlony. 98% patients with senile cataract, 100% patients with diabetic cataract and only 12% healthy adults showed positive reactions to the test. There is little evidence so far, to incriminate immunological mechanisms in the pathogenesis of cataract.
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Enfermedades Autoinmunes/inmunología , Catarata/sangre , Catarata/inmunología , Cristalinas/sangre , Cristalinas/inmunología , Adulto , Anciano , Enfermedades Autoinmunes/sangre , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/sangre , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/inmunología , Diabetes Mellitus , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
The aim of the study is to determine the influence of some selected immunological factors upon the pathogenesis of senile cataract and cataract in diabetic people. Immunofluorescent pictures of opacities lenses in senile cataract patients and in diabetic cataract patients were compared. The fluorescent microscopic examination of these preparations revealed green colored concrements. The concrements thus observed proved the presence of a given class immunoglobulin in the lenticular nucleus sections. In all preparations (100%), the presence of IgG was found. None concrements' of C4 and the fibrin were spotted in the observed preparations.
Asunto(s)
Catarata/inmunología , Catarata/patología , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/inmunología , Catarata/clasificación , Complemento C4/análisis , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/patología , Fibrina/aislamiento & purificación , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina G/análisis , Cristalino/química , Cristalino/inmunología , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
PURPOSE: As Sjögren syndrome is regarded by ophthalmologists as a synonim of dry eye syndrome, we decided to evaluate how often these patients demonstrate other than ocular symptoms, especially systemic complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined 30 patients with primary (PZS) and 45 patients with secondary Sjögren syndrome (WZS). RESULTS: Pathological findings in course of Sjogren syndrome concerned predominantly eyes (94%) and mucous membrane of the mouth (91%), salivary glands (65%) and skin. The most frequent complaint was fatigue (91%). CONCLUSIONS: Sjogren syndrome is a chronic systemic disease, in which predominant symptoms are: dryness of mucous membranes, chronic fatigue, painful joints and stomach disturbances.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Autoinmunes/epidemiología , Síndrome de Sjögren/epidemiología , Comorbilidad , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: We present our own antiglaucoma procedure using glassy carbon fibre. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Our procedure belongs to filtration type of antyglaucoma operations, so we call it carbofiltratio. 32 carbofiltratio procedures were performed. All our patients had neovascular glaucoma. Each patient complained of intensive pain, because of increasing intraocular pressure. RESULTS: The follow-up time was 3 month to 2 years. All patients were periodically tested for intraocular pressure, pain and condition of surgery spot. In most of our cases we achieved to reduce pain and intraocular pressure without hypotensive drugs. 34.4% of our procedure was insufficient. We had to make enucleation or reoperate. All these procedures were performed before 60 days after first operation.
Asunto(s)
Carbono , Implantes de Drenaje de Glaucoma , Glaucoma Neovascular/terapia , Adulto , Anciano , Fibra de Carbono , Diseño de Equipo , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Glaucoma Neovascular/complicaciones , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dolor/complicaciones , Dolor/prevención & control , Reoperación , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: We present our result of topical administration of iodine in group of patients with corpus vitreous degeneration. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Corpus vitreous degeneration was studied in 360 patients (660 eyes), 184 male and 176 female. Treatment last form 6 to 12 month. We administrate iodine 3-4 times a day as an eye drops. The untreated control group consist of 110 person (204 eyes) 80 male and 50 female with similar corpus vitreous degeneration. RESULTS: The results are discussed in relation to our own vitreous degeneration scale. We come to a conclusion that topical administration of iodine reduce corpus vitreous degeneration.
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Yodo/administración & dosificación , Desprendimiento del Vítreo/prevención & control , Administración Tópica , Esquema de Medicación , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To evaluate bacterial flora of conjunctival sac in patients with Sjogren syndrome and compare it with the flora of healthy individuals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Bacteriological test was performed on the swabs from the conjunctival sac of 15 patients with primary Sjögren syndrome (PS), 15 patients with secondary Sjögren syndrome (SS) and 30 healthy individuals, chosen at random. RESULTS: Most of the swabs, in every group, were aseptic. The bacteria found relatively often was Staphylococcus epidermidis or described as the Staphylococcus sp. coagulasonegative. Bacterias: Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium or Enterobacteriaceae were found rarely. CONCLUSIONS: There is no significant difference between bacterial flora of conjunctival sac of patients with PS and SS, when compared to healthy individuals.
Asunto(s)
Conjuntiva/microbiología , Síndrome de Sjögren/microbiología , Enterobacteriaceae/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Staphylococcus aureus/aislamiento & purificación , Staphylococcus epidermidis/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
The authors described two infant with Sandhoff's and Tay-Sachs disease. Tay-Sachs disease is well-known inherited disease leading to an accumulation of gangliosides in the brain and retina. Sandhoffs disease (GM2 gangliosidosis type 0) was diagnosed in an infant, in whom a progressive neurological disorder and cherry-red foveal spots were developed. In addition, to the general clinical examination, indirect ophthalnoscopy, blood white cells enzymatic examination are used to make definitive diagnosis. In this cases, the early eye fundus examination allowed us to make the proper diagnosis. The fundus change is characterized by the "cherry-red spot" in the central area.