RESUMEN
The most specific method of the recording of the rate offree radical reactions is the method of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, but it is rarely used in applied biology due to expensive equipment and complexity of the execution of measurements. However chemists have found a number of colored organic radicals which lose the coloring under transition into diamagnetic form. In the given paper there are presented results of our studies on the development of methods for the assessment of oxidant equilibrium in biological media with a use of stable radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and cation-radicals of N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DEPPD). We have developed the new modification of DPPH test, replacing methanol-based incubation medium by non-ionic detergent solution, compatible with native blood serum. Modified DPPH test conserved typical biphasic kinetics of the origin variant, had the similar sensitivity to model antioxidants (IC values 49, 38 and 13 mkMfor ascorbate, a-tocopherol and quercetine, correspondingly) and was applied in experiments on laboratory animals treated with nano- and ionic silver, carbon nanotubes, microfine coal and electrolytic dust. We have tried also the assay of serum lipid hydroperoxides based on Fe-initiated DEPPD oxidation (Alberti et al., 2000). The comparison of kinetics of DEPPD oxidation in model (HO/Fe) and biologic (rat serum/Fe) systems, before and after Fe addition, seems to be an evidence that ceruloplasmin (CP) was involved in the resulting process, but failed to determine its polynomial kinetics, at least for the rat serum and DEPPD excess. The use of CP monoclonal antibodies seems to be the best way for the clarification of the mechanism of this reaction.
Asunto(s)
Compuestos de Bifenilo , Oxidación-Reducción , Fenilendiaminas , Picratos , Plasma , Animales , Fenómenos Bioquímicos , Compuestos de Bifenilo/análisis , Compuestos de Bifenilo/química , Compuestos de Bifenilo/metabolismo , Colorantes/análisis , Colorantes/química , Indicadores y Reactivos/análisis , Indicadores y Reactivos/química , Modelos Químicos , Fenilendiaminas/análisis , Fenilendiaminas/química , Fenilendiaminas/metabolismo , Picratos/análisis , Picratos/química , Picratos/metabolismo , Plasma/química , Plasma/metabolismo , Ratas , Juego de Reactivos para Diagnóstico , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
There are discussed the changes of an array of indices of the oxidative status in chronic administration of colloidal calcium carbonate preparation with faucet and low-mineralized drinking water to rats. Slight differences between significant effects of administration of 3 and 30 mg/L of preparation permit to suggest that the process of its incoming delivery into organism of rats has a bottleneck in the nature of total capacity of macrophages of intestinal lymphoid tissue to absorption of particles.
Asunto(s)
Carbonato de Calcio/farmacología , Tejido Linfoide/metabolismo , Macrófagos , Oxidación-Reducción/efectos de los fármacos , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Antiácidos/farmacología , Coloides , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Agua Potable/análisis , Absorción Intestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Absorción Intestinal/fisiología , Intestinos/patología , Intestinos/fisiopatología , Tejido Linfoide/patología , Macrófagos/efectos de los fármacos , Macrófagos/fisiología , Masculino , Aguas Minerales , Ratas , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
A comparative analysis of the effect of silver nanoparticles (SNP) with a diameter of 14 nm and silver sulfate (SS) on biochemical indices of the state of the organism under the administration of preparations with drinking water to mice F1 CBAxC57Bl (from 0.1 to 500 mg Ag/l for 2 weeks) and nonlinear rats (from 0.01 to 5 mg Ag/l within 6 months) has been performed In the experiment on mice there was found an increase in activity of glutathione reductase (GR) in erythrocytes under the administration of both drugs and reduction of antiradical activity of serum--under the introduction of SNP only. The administration of low doses of SNP in the experiment on rats caused much less pronounced changes in serum markers of the state of the liver; kidneys, protein and lipids metabolism in comparison with equivalent doses of the SS, that as a whole with the qualitative differences on GR activity in erythrocytes satisfactorily was explained by activation of phagocytic cells with nanoparticles. Thus, for the first time the SNP biological effects in animals were shown to be caused both by the exposure to solubilized Ag+ ions and by the response of cells to the surface of the nanoparticles themselves.
Asunto(s)
Glutatión Reductasa/metabolismo , Nanopartículas del Metal , Plata/química , Animales , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Eritrocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Eritrocitos/metabolismo , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Riñón/metabolismo , Metabolismo de los Lípidos/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/metabolismo , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Tamaño de la Partícula , RatasRESUMEN
Chronic 6-month experiment was carried out in rats, which received drinking water with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), diameter of 15-40 nm, length ≥ 2 mkm) or activated charcoal (AC, diameter of 10-100 mkm), blood samples of the animals were used for assessment of biochemical markers. Both coal compounds induced the appearance of signs of oxidative stress 2 weeks after the beginning of the experiment and alteration of serum markers of liver and renal damage, as well as changes of cortisol and protein serum concentrations later Thus, despite of known high (asbest-like) inhalation toxicity of carbon nanotubes in comparison with other carbon allotrops (fullerenes and black carbon), we have found similar effects of MWCNTs and carbon microparticles in orally treated rats.