RESUMEN
Advances in technology have correlated with expanding prenatal genetic testing options for pregnant people. Leading medical organizations recommend cell-free DNA as the most sensitive screening test for trisomies 13, 18, and 21, as well as for fetal sex chromosome aneuploidies. The commercially available testing options go beyond these recommended tests, and prenatal care professionals should be familiar with the tests that their patients may choose despite being beyond the scope of current medical recommendations. This article explains updates in cell-free DNA technology and clinical considerations for prenatal care professionals, recognizing that this is a rapidly changing field of science and health care.
RESUMEN
Lactation anaphylaxis is a rare condition that may occur consequent to breastfeeding. Early identification and management of symptoms is paramount to the physical well-being of the birthing person. Supporting newborn feeding goals is also a key component of care. In cases in which the birthing person wants to exclusively feed human milk, planning should include streamlined access to donor milk. Clear communication between health care providers and developing systems to access donor milk for parental indications may help address barriers.
Asunto(s)
Anafilaxia , Lactancia Materna , Recién Nacido , Femenino , Humanos , Anafilaxia/diagnóstico , Anafilaxia/terapia , Lactancia , Leche HumanaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To equitably increase exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge among obstetrician/gynecologist resident service clients by 20% over 8 weeks. DESIGN: This quality improvement project used a plan-do-study-act format to implement interventions with patients and staff based on the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative. Run charts were used to evaluate intervention effects over time according to Institute for Healthcare Improvement criteria, and outcome data informed tests of change for subsequent cycles. SETTING/LOCAL PROBLEM: Postpartum clients of an obstetrician/gynecologist resident service were found to be less likely to exclusively breastfeed compared to the hospital average (7% vs. 34%) at baseline. A baseline resident client survey (n = 20) showed that 75% believed it best to give human milk plus formula. PARTICIPANTS: Of 186 postpartum participants, 65% identified as breastfeeding at the time of birth (53% of Hispanic participants [n = 99], 52% of non-Hispanic Black participants [n = 44], and 73% of non-Hispanic White participants [n = 33]). INTERVENTIONS/MEASURES: The World Health Organization's revised Implementation Guidance for the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative provided the basis for all interventions, which included a prenatal infant feeding plan, postpartum educational video with teach-back, cue-based feeding log, breastfeeding education guidelines for postpartum nurses, and team engagement via huddles. Measures assessed whether each intervention met the intended goals. RESULTS: Rates of exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge were 7% at baseline and 13% after implementation. Rates of exclusive breastfeeding among Black clients were 0% at baseline and 16% after implementation. Clients demonstrated Baby-Friendly knowledge (teach-back average, 89%) but continued to supplement with formula, most often related to supply concerns (65%). CONCLUSION: Intentionally equitable implementation of the Baby-Friendly steps may ameliorate racial disparities in breastfeeding during the early postpartum period. Preparing families to exclusively breastfeed should begin prenatally.