RESUMEN
The antioxidative activity of some newly synthesized aminomethanephosphonic acid derivatives was studied. The compounds studied differed in their polarity and the hydrophobicity of the electronic substituents at their nitrogen and phosphorus atoms. It was found that all the aminophosphonates studied, both cyclic and acyclic, protected erythrocyte membranes against peroxidation to some extent. The effect was somewhat weaker in the case of cyclic compounds, and for erythrocytes irradiated with UV light. The cyclic compounds provided no protection of erythrocytes illuminated by natural light. The observed differences between the antioxidative activities of cyclic and acyclic compounds are probably related to differences in their ability to incorporate into the lipid phase of erythrocyte membranes. Once incorporated, they change the fluidity of the membranes. The extent of those changes was determined in fluorescence measurements. Generally, they were found to be more pronounced in the case of acyclic aminophosphonates, although as regards other structural differences between particular aminophosphonates, a clear picture of the relationship between structure and effect is more difficult to obtain. No correlation was found between the antioxidative efficiency of the compounds and the fluidity changes they induce.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Organofosfonatos/química , Organofosfonatos/farmacología , Animales , Anisotropía , Membrana Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Membrana Celular/efectos de la radiación , Células Cultivadas , Eritrocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Eritrocitos/metabolismo , Eritrocitos/efectos de la radiación , Modelos Químicos , Oxígeno/metabolismo , Porcinos , Rayos UltravioletaRESUMEN
The antioxidant activity of five new compounds from a group of quaternary ammonium salts with antioxidant function has been investigated. The effect of the compounds on the degree of lipid oxidation in the erythrocyte membrane subjected to UV radiation was studied. It was found that all the salts used decreased oxidation of the lipids in the erythrocyte membrane. The antioxidant activity of the ammonium salts studied increased with their alkyl chain length. Three compounds with the longest alkyl chains were the most active antioxidants, and their antioxidant properties were comparable to those of a flavonoid extracted from hawthorn. The antioxidant effectiveness of the ten-carbon alkyl chain compound was comparable with that of the known antioxidant 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene (BHT). The least effective antioxidant studied proved to be the eight-carbon alkyl chain compound. The effect of these compounds on fluidity of the erythrocyte membrane has been studied, and for all an increase of fluidity of the membrane was observed. The changes in erythrocyte ghosts fluidity depended both on concentration and type of compound. A fluorimetric study also indicated that rigidity of the erythrocyte membrane increased with degree of its oxidation, but with antioxidants present membrane rigidity increased less.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/farmacología , Membrana Eritrocítica/metabolismo , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Morfolinas/farmacología , Compuestos de Amonio Cuaternario/farmacología , Animales , Hidroxitolueno Butilado/farmacología , Membrana Eritrocítica/efectos de los fármacos , Membrana Eritrocítica/efectos de la radiación , Cinética , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de la radiación , Estructura Molecular , Morfolinas/química , Compuestos de Amonio Cuaternario/química , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Porcinos , Rayos UltravioletaRESUMEN
The effect of trialkyllead and trialkyltin on pig erythrocyte hemolysis has been studied and compared. The results of experiments showed that the hemolytic activity of organoleads increases with their hydrophobicity and follows the sequence: triethyllead chloride < tri-n-propyllead chloride < tributyllead chloride. And similarly in the case of organotins: triethyltin chloride < tri-n-propyltin chloride < tributyltin chloride. Comparison of the hemolytic activity of organoleads and organotins indicates that the lead compounds exhibit higher hemolytic activity. The methods of quantum chemistry allowed to determine the maximum electric potential of the ions R3Pb+ and R3Sn+, and suggest a relationship between the potential and toxicity.