RESUMEN
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to obtain information about psychology internship training programs involving work with individuals with disabilities receiving rehabilitation services in the United States and Canada. RESEARCH METHOD/DESIGN: The Association of Psychology Postdoctoral and Internship Centers (APPIC) directory was used to identify 426 training programs that listed supervised experience in rehabilitation psychology, and these programs were sent a survey assessing characteristics of their internship. There were 227 program directors who responded (53%), and 114 of them reported that their internship involved working with disabled persons receiving rehabilitation services. RESULTS: The majority of training programs were at a hospital or subacute rehabilitation facility (Veteran Affairs and non-Veteran Affairs), and 41% of the programs were housed within an independent psychology department. Sixteen programs (15%) had faculty who were board certified by the American Board of Rehabilitation Psychology (ABRP). CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS: Interns were exposed to a broad range of conditions, such as brain injuries, orthopedic, and spinal cord injuries, as well as comorbid psychiatric and substance use disorders. Interns were also provided various levels of training in ABRP competencies across programs. Opportunities to improve training with rehabilitation populations at the internship level include increasing didactics related to rehabilitation psychology and increasing opportunities to work with ABRP faculty. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Asunto(s)
Personas con Discapacidad , Internado y Residencia , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias , Canadá , Personas con Discapacidad/psicología , Humanos , Psicología/educación , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Cogniphobia refers to the fear and avoidance of cognitive exertion, believed to cause or exacerbate headache. The objective of the present study was to demonstrate associations between cogniphobia and key fear-avoidance constructs. METHOD: In this cross-sectional study, 72 adults with migraine were recruited from a tertiary headache center. Patients completed the Cogniphobia Scale for Headache Disorders (CS-HD) and a series of self-reported surveys and neuropsychological measures that assessed patient demographics, migraine diagnosis and headache characteristics, current pain severity, emotional state (i.e., anxiety, pain-related fear, and depression), cognitive exertion, and functioning (self-reported disability, self-reported cognitive symptoms, and neuropsychological measures). RESULTS: The CS-HD was associated with greater anxiety (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System; PROMIS Anxiety; r = 0.39, p = .001), pain-related fear (PASS-20; ρ = 0.37, p = .002), self-reported cognitive symptoms (ABS; ρ = 0.38, p = .001), self-reported headache disability (HDI; r = 0.28, p = .022), and depression (PROMIS Depression; r = 0.25, p = .039). The CS-HD was also associated with lower scores on neuropsychological measures of semantic fluency (Animal Naming; r = -0.29, p = .015), visual immediate recall memory (RCFT Immediate Recall; r = -0.27, p = .027), visual delayed recall memory (RCFT Delayed Recall; r = -0.36, p = .002), and visual recognition memory (RCFT Recognition; r = -0.42, p < .001), with comparable findings when adjusting for depression and anxiety. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated associations between cogniphobia and key fear-avoidance constructs. Fear-avoidance constructs, such as cogniphobia, are important constructs to consider when evaluating migraine and neuropsychological functioning. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Asunto(s)
Trastornos Migrañosos , Trastornos Fóbicos , Ansiedad , Estudios Transversales , Cefalea/complicaciones , Humanos , Trastornos Migrañosos/complicaciones , Trastornos Migrañosos/psicologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationships among modifiable psychological factors and chronic migraine and severe migraine-related disability in a clinic-based sample of persons with migraine. BACKGROUND: Evidence evaluating relationships between modifiable psychological factors and chronic migraine and severe migraine-related disability is lacking in people with migraine presenting for routine clinical care. METHODS: Adults with migraine completed surveys during routinely scheduled visits to a tertiary headache center. Participants completed surveys assessing chronic migraine (meeting criteria for migraine with ≥15 headache days in the past month), severe migraine disability (Migraine Disability Assessment Scale score ≥ 21), and modifiable psychological factors (depressive symptoms [Patient Health Questionnaire-9], anxious symptoms [Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7], Pain Catastrophizing Scale and Headache Specific Locus of Control). Logistic regression evaluated relationships between modifiable psychological factors and chronic migraine and severe migraine disability. RESULTS: Among 90 eligible participants the mean age was 45.0 (SD = 12.4); 84.8% were women. One-third (36.0%) met study criteria for chronic migraine; half of participants (51.5%) reported severe migraine-related disability. Higher depressive symptoms (OR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.11, 3.55) and chance HSLC (OR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.13, 1.43) were associated with chronic migraine. Higher depressive symptoms (OR = 3.54, 95%CI = 1.49, 8.41), anxiety symptoms (OR = 3.65, 95% CI = 1.65, 8.06), and pain catastrophizing (OR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.14, 3.35), were associated with severe migraine-related disability. CONCLUSIONS: Psychiatric symptoms and pain catastrophizing were strongly associated with severe migraine-related disability. Depression and chance locus of control were associated with chronic migraine. This study supports the need for longitudinal observational studies to evaluate the relationships among naturalistic variation in psychological factors, migraine-related disability, and migraine chronification.
Asunto(s)
Reacción de Prevención/fisiología , Catastrofización/etiología , Personas con Discapacidad , Trastornos Migrañosos/complicaciones , Trastornos Migrañosos/psicología , Trastornos del Humor/etiología , Adulto , Anciano , Enfermedad Crónica , Cognición , Cultura , Evaluación de la Discapacidad , Femenino , Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Trastornos del Humor/diagnóstico , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadRESUMEN
Cogniphobia refers to the specific fear and avoidance of cognitive exertion, which is believed to precipitate or exacerbate headache. This parallels a well-documented phenomenon, kinesiophobia (fear of movement), in chronic pain. The existing measure of cogniphobia (C-Scale) was developed in persons with posttraumatic headache, and item content may not generalize to the broader headache population. This study aimed to develop and begin the initial examination of the psychometrics of a novel measure of cogniphobia for headache disorders: The Cogniphobia Scale for Headache Disorders (CS-HD). Candidate CS-HD items were developed through content analysis, patient evaluation, and peer debriefing. Eighty adults with migraine recruited from a headache center completed 23 candidate items for the CS-HD and surveys of demographics, anxiety, and headache locus of control. A series of dimensionality analyses identified a single component, composed of 15 items, which accounted for 54.05% of the variance in the CS-HD items. The CS-HD demonstrated high internal consistency in this sample (α = 0.94). Preliminary convergent validity analyses found CS-HD total scores were positively associated with anxiety (ρ = .37, p = .001) and locus of control (internal, r = .45, p < .001; chance, r = .30, p = .009). This study provides initial evidence supporting the use of the CS-HD to evaluate cogniphobia in people with headache. (PsycINFO Database Record