Asunto(s)
Radiografía , Carga Corporal (Radioterapia) , Humanos , Modelos Estructurales , Dosis de RadiaciónAsunto(s)
Fuerza Laboral en Salud , Protección Radiológica , Radiografía , Checoslovaquia , Humanos , Dosis de Radiación , Monitoreo de Radiación , Protección Radiológica/instrumentación , Protección Radiológica/métodos , Protección Radiológica/normas , Radiografía/métodos , Radiografía/normas , Radiometría/métodosRESUMEN
In December 1973 a technician was accidentally irradiated when attempting to bring under control a sealed 60Co source (110 TBq) which had been lodged in the head of a medical irradiation unit during a replacement operation. In the early period after the accident, severe skin changes on the left hand, epilation in a small area of the left temporal region and minor deviations in peripheral blood developed. In the following years, repeated surgery due to secondary skin defects of the left hand resulted in the loss of the fingers 2-5. Since 1975, changes in the lens of the left eye began to appear leading gradually to the deterioration of visual acuity. Later, opacities of the lens of the right eye were found. The patient's psychological and emotional attitude about the accident changed in the course of time. The factors influencing the psychic state of the patient are identified.
Asunto(s)
Accidentes de Trabajo , Traumatismos por Radiación/etiología , Adulto , Catarata/etiología , Radioisótopos de Cobalto , Checoslovaquia , Ojo/patología , Ojo/efectos de la radiación , Estudios de Seguimiento , Rayos gamma , Traumatismos de la Mano/etiología , Traumatismos de la Mano/patología , Humanos , Masculino , Traumatismos por Radiación/patología , Traumatismos por Radiación/psicología , Tecnología RadiológicaRESUMEN
Some results of long-term experiments performed in mice contaminated with 226Ra and 239Pu, especially the damage to the hemopoietic system and the incidence of osteosarcoma, are reported. Different degree of damage to the bone marrow hemopoiesis, depending on the arrangement of marrow cavities and the capability of stem cells to produce differentiated progeny are evaluated. This ability decreases with age and with duration of the contamination due to radionuclides. From the above aspects of radiation injury the ability of hemopoiesis to compensate the decreased production of differentiated peripheral cell forms is discussed. It is remarkable that myeloid leukemia occurred earlier and more frequently in 239Pu-contaminated animals than in controls. After the injection of plutonium-239, myeloid and lymphatic leukemias were diagnosed in most of the animals dying without osteosarcoma. These diseases represented a danger not lower than that of osteosarcoma which appeared in average later and the expected incidence of which was estimated to rise linearly with age. The findings are discussed from the aspect of their application in evaluating the risk resulting for man from the incorporated bone-seeking alpha emitters.
Asunto(s)
Hematopoyesis/efectos de la radiación , Neoplasias Inducidas por Radiación , Osteosarcoma/etiología , Plutonio , Radio (Elemento) , Partículas alfa , Animales , Ratones , Sarcoma Experimental/etiologíaAsunto(s)
Medicina del Trabajo , Protección Radiológica , Checoslovaquia , Humanos , Energía NuclearRESUMEN
Female ICR mice were injected with a monomeric form of 239Pu (180.1 kBq/kg) at the age of 10 weeks and during the long-term contamination the incidence of bone sarcomas was studied. Average survival of 100 control mice was 545 +/- 14 days, the 100 plutonium-given mice survived 420 +/- 10 d and 50 sarcoma-bearing animals 456 +/- 11 days. Most of the 61 induced sarcomas were located in the spine (70%) and in trabecular parts of the other bones. Among these 61 tumors there were 55 osteoblastic osteosarcomas, 4 immature undifferentiated sarcomas and 2 angiosarcomas. In 6 tumor-bearing mice metastases were observed in lungs, liver, intracranial cavity and in mediastinal lymph nodes. Among control mice only one osteogenic mandibular sarcoma was verified. The osteosarcoma incidence was evaluated with respect to the retained activity and cumulative average skeletal dose. The results were discussed and compared with data published by others.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Óseas/etiología , Neoplasias Inducidas por Radiación/etiología , Osteosarcoma/etiología , Plutonio/toxicidad , Animales , Neoplasias Óseas/mortalidad , Huesos/metabolismo , Femenino , Ratones , Plutonio/metabolismo , Columna Vertebral/metabolismo , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Terminal hematological changes were studied in female ICR mice injected intravenously with 181.1 kBq/kg of monomeric 239Pu. Cellularity and differential cell counts in femoral bone marrow and spleen, as well as peripheral blood counts were determined. The results were evaluated with respect to the quantitative hematological changes and to the diagnosis of proliferative disorders. As far as the nonstochastic response is concerned, evidently decreased cell counts, without abnormalities in myelogram, were observed in the femoral bone marrow of 239Pu-treated mice and only a mild leukopenia was present in peripheral blood. No significant difference was observed between the hematological response of tumor-bearing mice and the response of mice free of osteosarcomas.