RESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Incorporation of aseptic technique validation testing in a pharmacy curriculum consistent with United States Pharmacopeia Chapter 797 Standards is not well described. Validation testing is optimally placed prior to assignment to health-system introductory and advanced pharmacy practice experiences. EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY AND SETTING: Environmental and engineering controls consistent with a segregated compounding area were implemented. Medium risk media fill and gloved fingertip test (GFT) testing were incorporated to achieve initial and subsequent training in the second and third curricular years, respectively. FINDINGS: For the graduating classes of 2018 through 2020, 234 students completed validation testing and knowledge assessment. Failure of the media fill test was uncommon. Failure of the initial GFT testing occurred in 16.1% to 22.1% of second-year students and 3.2% to 5.8% of third-year students. No significant differences were seen between three consecutive student classes. SUMMARY: Incorporation of validation testing was successful, with consistent results. Procedures and results provide guidance with respect to student class size, available facility/equipment needs, implementation of validation protocols, and associated resources. Each student is provided with documentation of annual training and validation testing consistent with existing standards for health-system pharmacy practice.
Asunto(s)
Educación en Farmacia , Farmacia , Estudiantes de Farmacia , Curriculum , Composición de Medicamentos/métodos , Educación en Farmacia/métodos , HumanosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether aseptic compounding errors were reduced at the end of the third professional year after modifying pharmacy practice laboratories and implementing an institutional introductory pharmacy practice experience (IPPE). DESIGN: An aseptic compounding laboratory, previously occurring during the third-year spring semester, was added to the second-year spring semester. An 80-hour institutional IPPE was also added in the summer between the second and third years. Instructors recorded aseptic compounding errors using a grading checklist for second-year and third-year student assessments. Third-year student aseptic compounding errors were assessed prior to the curricular changes and for 2 subsequent years for students on the Oklahoma City and Tulsa campuses of the University of Oklahoma. ASSESSMENT: Both third-year cohorts committed fewer aseptic technique errors than they did during their second years, and the probability was significantly lower for students on the Oklahoma City campus. The probability of committing major aseptic technique errors was significantly lower for 2 consecutive third-year cohorts after the curricular changes. CONCLUSION: The addition of second-year aseptic compounding laboratory experiences and third-year institutional IPPE content reduced instructor-assessed errors at the end of the third year.
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Asepsia/métodos , Composición de Medicamentos , Contaminación de Medicamentos/prevención & control , Educación en Farmacia/métodos , Estudiantes de Farmacia , Enseñanza/métodos , Competencia Clínica , Curriculum , Evaluación Educacional , Escolaridad , Humanos , Oklahoma , Evaluación de Programas y Proyectos de SaludRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Open Airways for Schools is an asthma education program that has proven to be effective in decreasing the number of asthma attacks in children and increasing their confidence in self-management. It is taught to 8-11 year olds in six 40-min sessions. Due to financial and scheduling constraints, many schools have difficulty implementing the program. The Tulsa Health Department created a modified version of the program, which is taught in ten 20-min sessions over lunch. The same topics are covered in a different order and fewer activities are utilized. This study aimed to pilot the effectiveness of the modified program. METHODS: In both versions, a pre-questionnaire is given to participating students on the first day of the program. At the end of the program, the same questionnaire is administered to assess knowledge gained. This is a retrospective review comparing pre- and post-questionnaire data from the two versions of the program. Descriptive statistics and t-tests were used to compare the results of the questionnaires from the modified program to results from the original program. RESULTS: Twenty students completed the original curriculum and 45 completed the modified program. Both versions were found to improve children's knowledge of how to manage asthma triggers and symptoms, as well as to improve inhaler technique. CONCLUSIONS: The modified curriculum is effective at increasing asthma knowledge. Schools may use the modified program as an alternate delivery approach to reduce the scheduling burden and to allow more children to benefit from the educational program.
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Asma/terapia , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Educación del Paciente como Asunto/organización & administración , Servicios de Salud Escolar/organización & administración , Autocuidado , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Evaluación de Programas y Proyectos de Salud , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine volunteer preceptors' perceived value and desired frequency of quality assurance visits by experiential education faculty members. METHODS: An electronic survey instrument was sent to 235 volunteer preceptors. RESULTS: A 71.5% response rate was achieved. Nearly 90% of respondents indicated that onsite visits met their needs. Approximately 50% of respondents preferred monthly onsite visits, 17% preferred every other month, and 32% preferred once per year. CONCLUSIONS: A quality assurance program for preceptors and experiential sites that includes onsite visits from experiential education faculty members meets multiple needs of the college and the preceptors. More research is needed to determine the impact of this method of quality assurance on experiential education.
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Educación en Farmacia/normas , Docentes/normas , Preceptoría/normas , Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas/normas , Facultades de Farmacia/normas , Voluntarios , Actitud del Personal de Salud , Conducta Cooperativa , Humanos , Relaciones Interinstitucionales , Internet , Oklahoma , Percepción , Desarrollo de Programa , Evaluación de Programas y Proyectos de Salud , Control de Calidad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Voluntarios/psicologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To determine the feasibility of educating adults about their risk of prediabetes/diabetes in a community pharmacy, to determine the common risk factors for prediabetes/diabetes in adults visiting a community pharmacy, and to assess any association between risk factors and age. DESIGN: Cross sectional. SETTING: Oklahoma community pharmacies between April 1 and December 31, 2008. PARTICIPANTS: 1,852 patients aged 18 to 80 years. INTERVENTION: Student pharmacists invited adults to complete a survey to assess their risk for diabetes/prediabetes. Students reviewed participants' risk and educated them on lifestyle changes to lower diabetes risk. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patient risk factors, pharmacy identifier, and pharmacy type (independent, chain, or clinic pharmacy) and location (rural, suburban, or city). RESULTS: Diabetes risk assessment and education of 1,852 adults was performed by 110 student pharmacists in 52 community pharmacies located in 27 cities across 13 (of 77) Oklahoma counties. Obesity/overweight was the most common risk factor (57%), with positive family history, hypertension, elevated cholesterol, member of high-risk ethnic group, and sedentary lifestyle being reported by at least 20% of participants. The number of risk factors increased with age, with a significant increase occurring in participants older than 40 years of age. CONCLUSION: This project demonstrated that it is feasible to perform diabetes risk assessment and to provide education on lowering that risk through community pharmacies.