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Advancements in AI led to the emergence of in-memory-computing architectures as a promising solution for the associated computing and memory challenges. This study introduces a novel in-memory-computing (IMC) crossbar macro utilizing a multi-level ferroelectric field-effect transistor (FeFET) cell for multi-bit multiply and accumulate (MAC) operations. The proposed 1FeFET-1R cell design stores multi-bit information while minimizing device variability effects on accuracy. Experimental validation was performed using 28 nm HKMG technology-based FeFET devices. Unlike traditional resistive memory-based analog computing, our approach leverages the electrical characteristics of stored data within the memory cell to derive MAC operation results encoded in activation time and accumulated current. Remarkably, our design achieves 96.6% accuracy for handwriting recognition and 91.5% accuracy for image classification without extra training. Furthermore, it demonstrates exceptional performance, achieving 885.4 TOPS/W-nearly double that of existing designs. This study represents the first successful implementation of an in-memory macro using a multi-state FeFET cell for complete MAC operations, preserving crossbar density without additional structural overhead.
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Background: Methamphetamine use is a rapidly increasing cause of morbidity and mortality. Pregnant women and new parents who consume methamphetamine are at high risk since they seldom seek health services despite having multiple needs. We addressed this care gap by implementing an easily accessible program that pools resources from psychiatric, obstetric, and pediatric departments as well as community and government agencies. Method: This real-life observational study evaluated an integrated care program in 27 expecting parents and 57 parents of minors. The outcome criteria were treatment retention, psychosocial functioning, and abstinence. We compared participant demographics according to outcome and applied ordinal logistic regression to predict treatment success. Results: Patients received integrated care for almost 7 months on average. Nearly half achieved stable abstinence and functional recovery. Only one pregnant woman dropped out before a care plan could be implemented, and all women who gave birth during treatment completed it successfully. Three-fourths of patients had psychiatric comorbidities. Patients with depressive disorders were almost 5 times less likely to succeed with treatment. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was diagnosed in nearly 30% of patients who dropped out of a care plan, which was about 4 times more often than in the successful outcome group. Conclusion: Our program engaged pregnant women and parents in treatment and helped them recover from methamphetamine-related mental disorders. Management of comorbid ADHD and depression should be an integral part of care initiatives to counter the methamphetamine crisis that affects parents and children across the globe.
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INTRODUCTION: Over the last decade, methamphetamine use has spread rapidly in Europe, leading to a significant medical shortfall in many regions. To date, there are no standardized German-language therapy programs for qualified detoxification and motivation treatment. We have developed a therapy manual ("CrystalClean") over 15 therapy modules, which was evaluated in the present pilot study with regard to feasibility and acceptability. METHODS: Observational study with systematic interviews over 3 months on 31 patients with methamphetamine dependence. RESULTS: Acceptability of most modules was rated as high by both patients and therapists. In addition, the manual was considered to be well feasible in inpatient daily routine. However, contact terminations frequently occurred when switching to outpatient treatment. CONCLUSION: Results from our study point to a high acceptance of the manual for the accompaniment of qualified detoxification and motivation treatment in patients with methamphetamine dependence. Feasibility in the clinical setting can be improved by reducing the number of modules to the 12 best evaluated and by increasing the frequency of therapies.