RESUMEN
A simple and sensitized spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace amounts of beryllium has been described. The method is based on the formation of a ternary complex by the reaction of beryllium with haematoxylin in the presence of micellar medium (cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide). The ternary complex of beryllium has a maximum absorbance at 592 nm and showed an excellent sensitivity (molar absorption coefficient of 7.07 x 10(4)L mol(-1)cm(-1) and the Sandell's sensitivity being 1.27 x 10(-4) microg cm(-2)) and reproducibility (within-day precision: R.S.D.Asunto(s)
Berilio/análisis
, Hematoxilina/química
, Micelas
, Espectrofotometría/métodos
, Cetrimonio
, Compuestos de Cetrimonio/química
, Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno
, Tensoactivos/química
, Factores de Tiempo
, Agua/química
RESUMEN
A new, simple, sensitive, and reliable method is presented for the rapid spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of iron(III) using leuco Xylene cyanol FF. The method is based on the oxidation of leuco Xylene cyanol FF (LXCFF) to its blue form of xylene cyanol FF by iron(III) in sulfuric acid medium (pH 2.0-3.0), the absorbance of the formed dye is measured in an acetate buffer medium (pH()2.8-4.4) at 615 nm. The method obeys Beer's law over a concentration range of 0.15-0.9 microg mL(-1) iron, having a molar absorptivity of 5.6 x 10(4) L mol(-1) cm(-1) and a Sandell's sensitivity of 0.0001 microg cm(-2). The optimum reaction conditions and other analytical parameters have been evaluated. The developed method has been successfully applied to the determination of iron in water, soil, industrial effluent, plant material, pharmaceutical preparations, synthetic mixtures, and aluminum alloys.
Asunto(s)
Hierro/análisis , Espectrofotometría/métodos , Artefactos , Bencenosulfonatos , Cationes/análisis , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Indicadores y Reactivos , Residuos Industriales/análisis , Hierro/química , Plantas/química , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Suelo/análisis , Espectrofotometría/economía , Comprimidos , Temperatura , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisisRESUMEN
A highly sensitive and selective spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of trace amounts of chromium with leuco Xylene cynaol FF. The method is based on the oxidation of leuco Xylene cyanol FF (LXCFF) to its blue form of Xylene cyanol FF by chromium(VI) in sulphuric acid medium (pH 1.2-2.4), the absorbance of the formed dye is measured in an acetate buffer medium (pH 3.0-4.6) at 615 nm. The method obeys Beer's law in the concentration range of 0.05-0.45 mug ml(-l) chromium, having molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity of 8.23x10(4) l mol(-1) cm(-l) and 0.00063 mug cm(-2), respectively. All the variables were studied in order to optimise the reaction conditions. The developed method has been successfully applied to the determination of chromium in steels, pharmaceutical samples, industrial effluents, natural water, and soil.
RESUMEN
A simple, rapid, and sensitive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of selenium in real samples of water, soil, plant materials, human hair, and synthetic cosmetic and in pharmaceutical preparations. The method is based on the reaction of selenium with potassium iodide in an acidic medium to liberate iodine. The liberated iodine bleaches the violet color of thionin, and which is measured at 600 nm. This decrease in absorbance is directly proportional to selenium concentration and obeys Beer's law in the range 1-5 micro g selenium in a final volume of 10 mL (0.1-0.5 microg mL(-1)). The molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity of the method were found to be 7.33 x 10(4) L mol(-1) cm(-1) and 0.0011 microg cm(-2), respectively. The optimum reaction conditions and other analytical conditions were evaluated. The effect of interfering ions on the determination is described.