RESUMEN
The objective of the present study was to determine the duration and conditions of persistence of the irritant dibenz-[b,f]-[1,4]-oxazepine (substance CR) on the environmental objects. The quantitative analysis of the substance on cotton fabric specimens was carried out using the approved method of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection at different time periods and envirobmental conditions. It was shown that the main factor determining the lifetime of dibenz-[b,f]-[1,4]-oxazepine on the cotton fabric is the ambient conditions. By way of example, the "open" and "closed", storage of such specimens during 300 days resulted in the decrease of the amount of substance CR to 22.5 and 79% of the initial level respectively. By the end experiment (day 600) these values lowered to 3 and 52.5% respectively. Taken together, the results of the study indicate that dibenz-[b,f]-[1,4]-oxazepine can be described as a substance resistant to environmental impacts. It is comparable in terms of stability with such known irritants as capsicum oleoresin and pelargonic acid morpholide.
Asunto(s)
Dibenzoxazepinas/análisis , Toxicología Forense/métodos , Gases Lacrimógenos/análisis , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Dibenzoxazepinas/toxicidad , Estabilidad de Medicamentos , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Gases Lacrimógenos/toxicidad , Textiles/análisis , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The objective of the present study was to determine the biological activity of the irritant dibenz-[B,F]-[1,4]-oxazepine (substance CR) contained in the environmental samples in case of their "closed" storage during different periods of time. The experiments were carried out using male and female rabbits of the Chinchilla strain with the initial body mass of 3000-4000 g. The animals were administered an aqueous alcoholic extract from the tissue samples of the rabbit eye coat as described in the "Methodological guidelines on the medico-biological assessment of the safety of personal protection devices". The results of experiments indicate that extracts from tissue samples elicit irritation in the eyes of the laboratory animals even after their storage as long as 600 days. This observation suggests that substance CR retains the ability to cause irritation during a prolonged period.
Asunto(s)
Dibenzoxazepinas/toxicidad , Contaminantes Ambientales/toxicidad , Ojo/efectos de los fármacos , Irritantes/toxicidad , Gases Lacrimógenos/toxicidad , Animales , Dibenzoxazepinas/química , Estabilidad de Medicamentos , Contaminantes Ambientales/química , Femenino , Irritantes/química , Masculino , Conejos , Gases Lacrimógenos/química , Textiles , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Criteria for the establishment of the cause and effect relationship between a mechanical lesion and its fatal outcome in injured subjects who died at the scene of the accident are considered in the context of their application for the purpose of forensic medical practice. It is believed that universalization of approaches to the solution of this problem would decrease the frequency of mistakes in expert documents.
Asunto(s)
Accidentes , Causas de Muerte , Medicina Legal/métodos , Heridas y Lesiones , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
The present study was designed to establish the cause-and-effect relationship between the doctors' actions and complications of traumatic injuries having an unfavourable outcome. The study did not reveal correlation of medical manipulations and surgical intervention upon patient's admission to the hospital with other factors. However, the absence of correlation does not totally exclude the association between pathological events in each concrete clinical case of injury and its fatal outcome. The establishment of direct cause-and-effect relation of an injury to its lethal outcome is possible only on condition that there was no medical intervention (e.g. surgery) that could contribute to the unfavourable development of the complication towards the patient's death. Criteria for the establishment of cause-and-effect relationship between an injury and its fatal outcome are proposed.