RESUMEN
AimsThere are an estimated 1.5 million internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Ukraine because of the armed conflict in the east of the country. The aim of this paper is to examine utilisation patterns of mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) care among IDPs in Ukraine. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey design was used. Data were collected from 2203 adult IDPs throughout Ukraine between March and May 2016. Data on mental health care utilisation were collected, along with outcomes including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety. Descriptive and multivariate regression analyses were used. RESULTS: PTSD prevalence was 32%, depression prevalence was 22%, and anxiety prevalence was 17%. Among those that likely required care (screened positive with one of the three disorders, and also self-reporting a problem) there was a large treatment gap, with 74% of respondents who likely required MHPSS care over the past 12 months not receiving it. For the 26% (N = 180) that had sought care, the most common sources of services/support were pharmacies, family or district doctor/paramedic (feldsher), neurologist at a polyclinic, internist/neurologist at a general hospital, psychologists visiting communities, and non-governmental organisations/volunteer mental health/psychosocial centres. Of the 180 respondents who did seek care, 163 could recall whether they had to pay for their care. Of these 163 respondents, 72 (44%) recalled paying for the care they received despite government care officially being free in Ukraine. The average costs they paid for care was US$107 over the previous 12 months. All 180 respondents reported having to pay for medicines and the average costs for medicines was US$109 over the previous 12 months. Among the 74% had not sought care despite likely needing it; the principal reasons for not seeking care were: thought that they would get better by using their own medications, could not afford to pay for health services or medications, no awareness of where to receive help, poor understanding by health care providers, poor quality of services, and stigma/embarrassment. The findings from multivariate regression analysis show the significant influence of a poor household economic situation on not accessing care. CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights a high burden of mental disorders and large MHPSS treatment gap among IDPs in Ukraine. The findings support the need for a scaled-up, comprehensive and trauma-informed response to provision of MHPSS care of IDPs in Ukraine alongside broader health system strengthening.
Asunto(s)
Ansiedad/psicología , Servicios Comunitarios de Salud Mental/estadística & datos numéricos , Depresión/psicología , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Refugiados/psicología , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/psicología , Adolescente , Adulto , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Depresión/epidemiología , Femenino , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Refugiados/estadística & datos numéricos , Factores Socioeconómicos , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/epidemiología , Ucrania/epidemiología , GuerraRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: High concentration mesalazine formulations are more convenient than conventional low concentration formulations for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). AIM: To compare the efficacy and safety of 1600 mg and 400 mg tablet mesalazine formulations. METHODS: Patients with mild-to-moderate active UC (Mayo Clinic Score >5; N=817) were randomised to 3.2 g of oral mesalazine, administered as two 1600 mg tablets once, or four 400 mg tablets twice daily. We hypothesised that treatment with the 1600 mg tablet was non-inferior (within a 10% margin) to the 400 mg tablet for induction of clinical and endoscopic remission at week 8. Open-label treatment with the 1600 mg tablet continued for 26-30 weeks based on induction response. Predictors of treatment response were also explored. RESULTS: At week 8, remission occurred in 22.4% and 24.6% of patients receiving the 1600 mg and 400 mg tablets, respectively (absolute difference -2.2%, 95% CI: -8.1% to 3.8%, non-inferiority P=.005). Endoscopic and histopathologic disease activity, leucocyte concentration and age were significantly associated with clinical remission (P=.022, .042, .014 and .023, respectively). At week 38, 43.9% (296/675) of patients who continued treatment with the 1600 mg formulation were in remission, including 70.3% (142/202) of patients who received a reduced dose of mesalazine (1.6 g/d). The overall incidence of serious adverse events was low. CONCLUSIONS: Induction therapy with 3.2 mg mesalazine using two 1600 mg tablets once-daily was statistically and clinically non-inferior to a twice-daily regimen using four 400 mg tablets (NCT01903252).
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/administración & dosificación , Colitis Ulcerosa/tratamiento farmacológico , Mesalamina/administración & dosificación , Administración Oral , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/efectos adversos , Química Farmacéutica , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Método Doble Ciego , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Mesalamina/uso terapéutico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Inducción de Remisión , ComprimidosRESUMEN
Survival of bifidobacteria and preservation of their morphological characteristics after 12-month storage of lyophilized cells was studied for the strains of Bifidobacterium bifidum and B. animalis isolated and maintained in the microbial collection of the Department of Microbiology, Moscow State University. A combined approach to pre-lyophilization treatment of microorganisms and subsequent storage was developed in order to improve cell survival. Compared to the standard cryoprotector concentrations, sucrose and glucose (5% and higher) in skim milk, as well as freezing at â70°C with subsequent storage at the same temperature resulted in improved survival of bifidobacteria. Under such conditions, the number of viable cells (CFU) after 12 months of storage was two to three orders of magnitude higher than in the case of the standard lyophilization procedure. Investigation of dynamics of resistance of reactivated clones to such gastrointestinal stress factors as gastric juice and bile acids revealed preservation of these properties at all storage modes. However, since the number of surviving cells decreased during storage according to the standard procedure, the number of stress-affected cells was correspondingly lower. Reactivated cultures exhibited high resistance to oxygen, with survival decreasing to 35% of the initial level.
Asunto(s)
Bifidobacterium animalis/crecimiento & desarrollo , Bifidobacterium bifidum/crecimiento & desarrollo , Viabilidad Microbiana , Preservación Biológica , Probióticos , Bifidobacterium animalis/citología , Bifidobacterium bifidum/citología , Liofilización , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Currently, no molecular biological markers do exist for early diagnosis of breast cancer. One of the possible candidates for the marker of early breast cancer is mammaglobin (MGB1) or SCGB2A2 (secretoglobin, family 2A, member 2), characterized by the maximal expression level in early breast cancer. Using the RT-PCR method MGB1 mRNA expression was examined in 57 tumor tissue samples and 57 samples of morphologically non-malignant tissue (MNT) of breast cancer (BC) patients. Specificity and sensitivity of the MGB1 mRNA assay in peripheral blood of BC patients was evaluated by nested PCR. 169 blood samples (from 95 BC patients, 22 from patients with benign breast tumors, 28 from patients with tumors of other localizations, and 24 samples from healthy donors) have been analyzed. MGB1 expression was significantly higher in BC tissue samples compared to MNT (p=0.0019). The maximal expression level was in the samples T1 (p=0.013), stage I BC (p=0.037), GI (p=0.0019). The MGB1 expression positively correlated with expression of estrogen (p = 0,034) and progesterone (p=0.0004) receptors. Sensitivity and specificity of the MGB1 mRNA assay in peripheral blood were 60.6% and 92.3%, respectively. Expression of MGB1 was higher in BC than MNT and it decreased during BC progression. The sensitivity and specificity of the MGB1 mRNA assay may be used as an additional diagnostic method.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Neoplasias de la Mama/sangre , Mamoglobina A/sangre , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Mama/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Mamoglobina A/genética , Mamoglobina A/metabolismo , Persona de Mediana Edad , ARN Mensajero/sangre , ARN Mensajero/genética , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Receptores de Estrógenos/genética , Receptores de Estrógenos/metabolismo , Receptores de Progesterona/genética , Receptores de Progesterona/metabolismoRESUMEN
The study showed the results of univariate and multivariate analyses of treatment of patients with low-grade brain supra- tentorial infiltrative gliomas. It was reaffirmed the importance of the most significance of such adverse prognostic factors as histology, tumor size, displacement of midline structures of the brain, age and neurological deficit. When assessing the prognostic significance of severity of the debut of clinical symptoms in this category of neuro-oncological patients as well as radical surgical treatment of the primary tumor there were obtained data confirming the absence of their independent prognostic significance.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/mortalidad , Glioma/diagnóstico , Glioma/mortalidad , Adulto , Neoplasias Encefálicas/terapia , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Femenino , Glioma/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Tasa de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
Six stably growing strains of bifidobacteria possessing probiotic properties were isolated from the feces of newborn children and animals. According to the results of molecular analysis, one strain was classified as Bifidobacterium bifidum, while five belonged to Bifidobacterium animalis. Initial identification of the strains was carried out using the primer pairs for the 16S rRNA gene (g-Bifid-F/R, Bif164/662) and for the xfp gene specific for bifidobacteria. Subsequent sequencing of complete genes encoding 16S rRNA synthesis in the isolates confirmed their species affiliation. The cultures exhibited high resistance to gastroenterological stress (5 ≤ RD ≤ 10) and may be therefore recommended as:potential probiotics.
Asunto(s)
Bifidobacterium/aislamiento & purificación , Genes Bacterianos , Probióticos/aislamiento & purificación , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Adaptación Fisiológica , Animales , Animales Recién Nacidos , Bifidobacterium/efectos de los fármacos , Bifidobacterium/genética , Materiales Biomiméticos/química , Materiales Biomiméticos/farmacología , Heces/microbiología , Jugo Gástrico/química , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Análisis de Secuencia de ADNRESUMEN
The biological effect of the extracellular peptide reactivating factor (RF) from Luteococcus casei on cells of probiotic cultures was studied. The RF showed the protective and reactivating effects on the Bifidobacterium bifidum cells under the action of bile salts and an acidic stress. Also, it acted as a cryoprotector during lyophilisation and long-term culture storage. The RF and the L. casei culture liquid (CL) were shown to have bifidogenic properties. The degree of protection and reactivation of lactic-acid bacteria under the action of bile salts depended on the particular strain properties. The maximum degree of protection (more than thirteen-fold) and reactivation (close to three-fold) was found in Lactobacillus casei, while the minimum values were characteristic of Lactobacillus reuterii. The resistance of lactobacilli to bile was increased in the row of L. acidophilus, L. casei, L. plantarum, L. rhamnosus, and L. reuterii correlating with the RF protection degree.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Bacterianas/farmacología , Bifidobacterium/efectos de los fármacos , Ácidos y Sales Biliares/farmacología , Crioprotectores/farmacología , Lacticaseibacillus casei/metabolismo , Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Bifidobacterium/crecimiento & desarrollo , Ácidos y Sales Biliares/antagonistas & inhibidores , Crioprotectores/metabolismo , Liofilización , Lactobacillus acidophilus/metabolismo , Lactobacillus plantarum/metabolismo , Limosilactobacillus reuteri/metabolismo , Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus/metabolismo , Probióticos , Especificidad de la Especie , Estrés FisiológicoRESUMEN
Infective endocarditis (IM) of the artificial cardiac valve (ACV) constitutes one of severe postoperative complications and presents a total spectrum and number of observations, concerning infectioning of the implanted ACV or of the adjacent tissues, which have had occurred in various time postoperatively. Wide introduction in practical cardiosurgery have caused the raising of the IM of ACV occurrence rate from 16 to 45%. Basing on analysis of data of 276 patients there were studied up the factors and conditions, predisposing to occurrence of IM in ACV. The main causes of a primary affection of natural cardiac valves in the patients were rheumatism and IM, the leading role in occurrence of bacteriemia have played nosocomial factors while performing stomatological, urological, gynecological and general surgical manipulations.
Asunto(s)
Bacteriemia/microbiología , Infección Hospitalaria/microbiología , Endocarditis Bacteriana/microbiología , Prótesis Valvulares Cardíacas/microbiología , Válvulas Cardíacas/microbiología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/microbiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Bacteriemia/patología , Bacteriemia/cirugía , Niño , Infección Hospitalaria/patología , Infección Hospitalaria/cirugía , Endocarditis Bacteriana/patología , Endocarditis Bacteriana/cirugía , Femenino , Válvulas Cardíacas/patología , Válvulas Cardíacas/cirugía , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/patología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/cirugía , Staphylococcus aureus/crecimiento & desarrollo , Staphylococcus epidermidis/crecimiento & desarrolloRESUMEN
The results of complex neurological and neuropsychological study with evaluation of anxiety levels in young and middle-age patients with chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis are presented in the article. Raised anxiety levels with statistically significant difference to control group patients were found. By turn, anxiety levels in patients with chronic hepatitis were lower than in patients with liver cirrhosis. The most of examined patients had middle (with tendency to low level as well as with tendency to high level) and high level of anxiety.
Asunto(s)
Ansiedad/psicología , Hepatitis Crónica/psicología , Cirrosis Hepática/psicología , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Hepatitis Crónica/epidemiología , Humanos , Cirrosis Hepática/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pruebas NeuropsicológicasRESUMEN
We used combinations of taxan-based neoadjuvant and adjuvant full-dose chemotherapy and aggressive combined radiotherapy including clinical target volume extension, increased total dosage, hyperthermia, cryo- and local chemotherapy as radiosensitizers, for treatment of invasive and locally-advanced breast cancer or endometrial carcinoma with poor prognosis. 3D-ultrasound/CT/MRI--based designing of radiotherapy and monitoring of dynamic definition of target volume and "high risk volume" in organs at risk in cases of tumor progression was an indispensable measure. As a result, no local recurrence was reported in 73% for 36 months.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama/radioterapia , Carcinoma/radioterapia , Neoplasias Endometriales/radioterapia , Terapia Neoadyuvante/métodos , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/prevención & control , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/radioterapia , Adulto , Anciano , Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Neoplasias de la Mama/terapia , Carcinoma/secundario , Carcinoma/terapia , Quimioterapia Adyuvante , Crioterapia , Neoplasias Endometriales/patología , Neoplasias Endometriales/terapia , Femenino , Humanos , Hipertermia Inducida , Imagenología Tridimensional , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico , Fármacos Sensibilizantes a Radiaciones/uso terapéutico , Dosificación Radioterapéutica , Radioterapia Adyuvante , Medición de Riesgo , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Resultado del Tratamiento , Ultrasonografía , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/patología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/terapiaRESUMEN
Despite recent advances in the chemotherapy of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), an effective viral suppression after cessation of therapy has not yet been achieved. To investigate whether hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific T-cell responses are inducible and can contribute to the viral suppression after cessation of the therapy, we conducted a proof-of-concept study with a DNA vaccine comprising of most HBV genes plus genetically engineered interleukin-12 DNA (IL-12N222L) in 12 CHB carriers being treated with lamivudine (LAM). When the ex vivo and/or cultured IFN-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay was performed, the detectable HBV-specific IFN-gamma secreting T-cell responses were observed at the end of treatment and during a follow-up. These type 1T-cell responses, particularly CD4(+) memory T-cell responses could be maintained for at least 40 weeks after the therapy and correlated with virological responses, but not with alanine aminotransferase elevation. Moreover, DNA vaccination under LAM treatment appeared to be well-tolerated and showed 50% of virological response rate in CHB carriers. Thus, a combination therapy of the DNA vaccine with chemotherapy may be one of new immunotherapeutic methods for the cure of CHB.
Asunto(s)
Terapia Genética/métodos , Vacunas contra Hepatitis B/administración & dosificación , Virus de la Hepatitis B/genética , Hepatitis B Crónica/inmunología , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Vacunas de ADN/administración & dosificación , Adulto , Antivirales/uso terapéutico , Terapia Combinada , Femenino , Ingeniería Genética , Virus de la Hepatitis B/inmunología , Hepatitis B Crónica/tratamiento farmacológico , Hepatitis B Crónica/terapia , Heterocigoto , Humanos , Memoria Inmunológica , Interferón gamma/inmunología , Interleucina-12/genética , Lamivudine/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia , Replicación ViralRESUMEN
The effect of the mixture of saturated and unsaturated N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) on the functional activity of catecholamine- and serotoninergic systems of the rat brain with experimental morphine dependence was investigated. A significant decrease of dopamine levels was found in the hypothalamus, midbrain and cortex of rats with morphine dependence. The administration of NAEs to rats with morphine dependence in time course dose of 35 mg/kg markedly increased the levels of dopamine in the hypothalamus, middle brain and cortex. Simultaneously the significant decrease of serotonine content was observed in the midbrain and cortex. The results obtained suggest that one of the important aspects of neuroprotective action of NAEs under morphine dependence is the restoration of dopamine content in the brain.
Asunto(s)
Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Etanolaminas/uso terapéutico , Dependencia de Morfina/tratamiento farmacológico , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/uso terapéutico , Neurotransmisores/metabolismo , Animales , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Enfermedad Crónica , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Dopamina/metabolismo , Etanolaminas/administración & dosificación , Inyecciones Intraperitoneales , Masculino , Dependencia de Morfina/metabolismo , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/administración & dosificación , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Serotonina/metabolismoRESUMEN
Excretion of catecholamines has been studied in patients with opium narcotic and alcoholic dependence in developmental dynamics of the opium and alcoholic abstinence syndrome and in the postabstinence period. It has been revealed that 8-10 h after cessation of the psychoactive substances (the preabstinence period) the level of excretion of adrenaline [A], dioxyphenylalanine [DOPA], dopamine [DA] and, to the greatest extent, of noradrenaline [NA] especially in patients with alcoholic dependence decreases in comparison with the control variant. As compared to the control variant the acute form of abstinence syndrome (1-3 days after cessation of the psychoactive substances is characterized by the higher level of the A and DA excretion and the lower level of the NA excretion (especially in patients with opium narcotic dependence). As compared to the preabstinence period under conditions of the acute abstinence syndrome there is an essential increase in the level of the A, NA, DOPA and DA excretion. As compared to the control variant the postabstinence period (10-20 days after cessation) is characterized by the lower level of the NA excretion, especially in patients with alcoholic dependence, and of DOPA. The level of DA decreases in patients with alcoholic dependence. As compared to the acute abstienence syndrome the postabstinence period differs by the lower level of the A, NA (especially in patients with alcoholic dependence), DOPA (only inpatients with alcoholic dependence) and of DA excretion.
Asunto(s)
Catecolaminas/metabolismo , Depresores del Sistema Nervioso Central/efectos adversos , Etanol/efectos adversos , Opio/efectos adversos , Síndrome de Abstinencia a Sustancias/metabolismo , HumanosRESUMEN
The paper deals with the influence of glutaminic acid on the functional activity of the sympatho-adrenal system and the concentration of calcium in urine under conditions of the alcoholic abstinence syndrome development. Changes in the functional activity of sympatho-adrenal system and in the concentration of calcium in the process of the abstinence syndrome development are shown to be of the phase character. It is established that in the period of the developed abstinence syndrome glutaminic acid produces a normalizing action on the excretion of adrenaline and dopamine and also facilitates a decrease in the level of calcium in urine.
Asunto(s)
Glándulas Suprarrenales/fisiología , Calcio/orina , Glutamatos/farmacología , Síndrome de Abstinencia a Sustancias/orina , Sistema Nervioso Simpático/fisiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Dopamina/orina , Epinefrina/orina , Etanol/efectos adversos , Femenino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
Non-steroid antiinflammatory drug (NSAID)-related gastropathy is regarded as the most important NSAID-induced complication. The above term is used to signify erosive and ulcerous injuries to the stomach and duodenum, having a characteristic clinical picture.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/efectos adversos , Mucosa Gástrica/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Intestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Gastropatías/inducido químicamente , Infecciones por Helicobacter/complicaciones , Helicobacter pylori , Humanos , Úlcera Péptica/complicacionesRESUMEN
The nosologic and etiopathogenetic structure of the cholestatic syndrome encountered both in surgical and therapeutical practice is described.
Asunto(s)
Colestasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Colestasis/metabolismo , Hepatitis B Crónica/metabolismo , Hepatitis Alcohólica/metabolismo , Cirrosis Hepática Biliar/metabolismo , Fosfatasa Alcalina/sangre , Bilirrubina/sangre , Colagogos y Coleréticos/uso terapéutico , Colestasis/etiología , Colesterol/sangre , Hepatitis B Crónica/complicaciones , Hepatitis Alcohólica/complicaciones , Humanos , Lipoproteínas/sangre , Cirrosis Hepática Biliar/complicaciones , Fenobarbital/uso terapéutico , Fosfolípidos/sangre , Triglicéridos/sangre , Ácido Ursodesoxicólico/uso terapéutico , gamma-Glutamiltransferasa/sangreRESUMEN
Results are submitted of bacteriological investigations in those persons with duodenal peptic ulcer who had been called up. The presence of regional strains of H. pylori is ascertained together with their sensitivity to certain antibacterial drug preparations. A rational antihelocobactertherapy schedule is proposed.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Antiulcerosos/uso terapéutico , Úlcera Duodenal/tratamiento farmacológico , Helicobacter pylori/efectos de los fármacos , Úlcera Péptica/tratamiento farmacológico , Adolescente , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antiulcerosos/farmacología , Úlcera Duodenal/diagnóstico , Úlcera Duodenal/microbiología , Helicobacter pylori/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Entrevistas como Asunto , Masculino , Úlcera Péptica/diagnóstico , Úlcera Péptica/microbiología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Ucrania/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Groups of patients suffering alcoholism and narcomania were examined for the effect of intoxication on the blood serum enzymes of mainly liver origin: alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), as well as on thymol test. It has been shown that in patients with the first stage of alcoholism one could observe only functional disturbances in the liver: the increase of ADH activity which evidences for the induction of its synthesis. In patients with the first stage of opium narcomania one can record total hyperenzymenia, decrease of de-Rimis coefficient at the expense of more considerable increase of ALT activity than that of AST, as well as the sharp increase of thymol test--these are the signs of destructive and metabolic disturbances in the liver. In patients with the second stage of alcoholism one can observe the decrease of ALDH activity under the increase of ADH, AST, ALT activity and high thymol test-these are the signs of toxical hepatitis. Destructive and metabolic changes increase in the liver in the patients with the second stage of narcomania.
Asunto(s)
Alcoholismo/fisiopatología , Hígado/enzimología , Trastornos Relacionados con Opioides/fisiopatología , Opio , Adulto , Alanina Transaminasa/sangre , Alcohol Deshidrogenasa/sangre , Alcoholismo/enzimología , Aldehído Deshidrogenasa/sangre , Aspartato Aminotransferasas/sangre , Hepatitis Alcohólica/fisiopatología , Humanos , Hígado/patología , Pruebas de Función Hepática , Masculino , Trastornos Relacionados con Opioides/enzimología , Timol/química , Timol/metabolismoRESUMEN
The chief factors of aggression are discussed together with mechanisms of protection of gastric and duodenal mucosa. Results of treatment of 30 patients with gastritis (Helicobacter pylori negative) with a cytoprotective drug smecta are presented.