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This review analyses of the results of using buccal mucosa graft for the management of ureteral strictures. The authors identified sixteen original studies presenting the results of ureteral reconstruction using buccal grafts. Of them, twelve, three and one studies used the open, robotic and laparoscopic technique, respectively. Open surgery was performed 44 times in 42 patients (2 patients underwent bilateral ureteroplasty) with an average ureteral stricture length of 6.0 (2.5-11) cm. Ureteral patency was restored in 93.2% (41/44) of patients with an average follow-up of 26 (3-85) months. The robotic technique was used in 18 patients with an average ureteral stricture length of 3.25 (1.5-6) cm. Positive results after similar operations were achieved in 88.9% (16/18) of patients with an average follow-up of 15 (4-30) months. The laparoscopic technique was used only once for a ureteral stricture measuring 3 cm in length and was characterized as successful at a follow-up of 9 months. All surgical modalities were associated with minimal risk of early and late postoperative complications. The review results suggest that buccal substitution ureteroplasty can be regarded as an advantageous alternative to more complicated surgical procedures associated with greater complication rates (ileal ureteral substitution and kidney autotransplantation) used for long ureteral strictures.

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AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of laparoscopic repair of primary strictures of ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) depending on baseline renal function of the ipsilateral kidney. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study analyzed results of 134 patients (78 women and 56 men, age from 18 to 56 years) who underwent various types of laparoscopic repair of the UPJ stricture from 2012 to 2015. Depending on the surgical technique all patients were divided into three groups: group 1 (n=34) underwent spiral flap technique by Culp and DeWeerd, group 2 (n=59) - Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty and group 3 (n=41) had antevasal dismembered pyeloplasty. All interventions ended with internal ureteral stenting for up to 6-8 weeks. Also, all patients were divided into three subgroups, depending on the degree of renal function deficiency - less than 25%, 25-50%, and 51-75%. Treatment effectiveness criteria included the following parameters: complete relief of the pain syndrome, a decrease in the degree of pyeloectasia, stabilization or improvement of the functional state of the renal parenchyma (according to radioisotope renography), and the absence of recurrence of the UPJ stricture. RESULTS: The overall effectiveness of UPJ laparoscopic reconstruction was 94.7% (127 of 134). The effectiveness of the treatment was independent of the surgical technique, the initial thickness of the renal parenchyma and the degree of PCS dilatation. There was an inverse correlation between the treatment effectiveness the degree of kidney function deficiency. CONCLUSION: In patients with hydronephrosis secondary to UPJ stricture, the effectiveness of surgical treatment is mainly determined by its timeliness. The best treatment results were observed in patients with better renal function. The degree of renal function deficiency should be considered the main prognostic factor for the effectiveness of the forthcoming operation.

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Correction of subnormal spermatogenesis caused by chronic prostatitis is made with application of different therapeutic schemes. Our aim was to investigate efficacy of selzink medicine which corrects deficiency of trace elements Se and Zn in ejaculate and thus improves spermatogenesis. One-month course of therapy produced no side effects, had a positive effect on low fertility of ejaculate. Therefore, selzink can be recommended in combined treatment of male infertility.

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The trial of efficacy and safety of two doses of the drug cernilton in patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis made in the Research Institute of Urology and I.M. Sechenov Medical Academy in 2008 gave evidence for subjective (NIH-CPSI, Sex-4, IPSS and other scales, QOL) and objective (leucocyte count in prostatic secretion) pronounced anti-inflammatory effects of the drug which persist for at least 6 months. Comparison of the two doses of cernilton showed significant differences in subjective response of the patients (NIH-CPSI and Symptom Frequency Scale). Cernilton is recommended as a medication of choice for treatment of patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis.

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The article reviews the defects of a statistical classification of urolithiasis in ICD-10. The main defect is the discrepancy of clinical diagnoses in case histories with statistical codes of ICD-10. A new coded classification of urolithiasis reflecting basic clinical characteristics of urolithiasis (a type and size of the stones, function of the kidneys, x-ray positivity and infection of the stones, chemical structure of the stones) is proposed. This coded classification can raise significance of statistical information about urolithiasis and optimize standards of the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

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