RESUMEN
The essential oil (EO) composition of leaves of Campomanesia aurea was analyzed by GC-MS. The plant was collected in April (EOA) and October (EOO) in São Francisco de Assis/RS. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation in a modified Clevenger apparatus. The yields were 4.44% in April, and 6.15%, in October. Thirty-one compounds were identified in EOA, accounting for 96.87% of the total, and twenty-eight compounds were identified in EOO, accounting for 99.46% of the total. For EOA, the major identified monoterpene was p-cymene (8.33%) and the major identified sesquiterpene was alpha-cadinol (10.72%), while regarding EOO the major identified monoterpene was repeatedly Terpinolene (3.43%), whereas the major identified sesquiterpene was alpha-cadinol (12.79%). The antibacterial activity of the essential oil was evaluated against the three Listeria monocytogenes from the American Type Culture Collection (strains ATCC 7644, 19114 and 13932). The essential oil showed a MIC of 10 mg/mL against the strains ATCC 7644 and 19114, with bacteriostatic effect of 20 mg/mL and a MIC of 20 mg/mL for ATCC 13932. Regarding the antibiofilm activity, o EOO showed the best results with an inhibition of 90% in the sessile growth with an applied concentration of 4.0 mg/mL.(AU)
O óleo essencial (EO) das folhas de Campomanesia aurea foi analisado por CG-EM. O A planta foi coletada em abril (OEA) e outubro (OEO) em São Francisco de Assis/RS. Os óleos essenciais foram obtidos por hidrodestilação em aparelho Clevenger modificado. Os rendimentos foram de 4,44% em abril e 6,15% em outubro. Trinta e um compostos foram identificados no EOA, representando 96,87% do total, e vinte e oito compostos foram identificados no EOO, representando 99,46% do total. Para EOA, o principal monoterpeno identificado foi o p-cimeno (8,33%) e o principal sesquiterpeno identificado foi o alfa-candinol (10,72%), enquanto o EOO o maior monoterpeno identificado foi repetidamente Terpinolene (3,43%), enquanto o sesquiterpeno principal identificado foi alfa-cadinol (12,79%). A atividade antibacteriana do óleo essencial foi avaliada contra as três cepas de Listeria monocytogenes obtidas a partir da American Type Culture Collection (isolados ATCC 7644, 19114 and 13932). O óleo essencial apresentou uma CIM de 10 mg/mL contra as cepas ATCC 7644. e 19114, com efeito bacteriostático de 20 mg/mL e MIC de 20 mg/mL para ATCC 13932. Quanto à atividade antibiofilme, o EOO apresentou os melhores resultados com uma inibição de 90% no crescimento séssil com uma concentração aplicada de 4,0 mg/mL.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Listeria monocytogenes , Aceites Volátiles , AntiinfecciososRESUMEN
Abstract The essential oil (EO) composition of leaves of Campomanesia aurea was analyzed by GC-MS. The plant was collected in April (EOA) and October (EOO) in São Francisco de Assis/RS. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation in a modified Clevenger apparatus. The yields were 4.44% in April, and 6.15%, in October. Thirty-one compounds were identified in EOA, accounting for 96.87% of the total, and twenty-eight compounds were identified in EOO, accounting for 99.46% of the total. For EOA, the major identified monoterpene was p-cymene (8.33%) and the major identified sesquiterpene was α-cadinol (10.72%), while regarding EOO the major identified monoterpene was repeatedly Terpinolene (3.43%), whereas the major identified sesquiterpene was α-cadinol (12.79%). The antibacterial activity of the essential oil was evaluated against the three Listeria monocytogenes from the American Type Culture Collection (strains ATCC 7644, 19114 and 13932). The essential oil showed a MIC of 10 mg/mL against the strains ATCC 7644 and 19114, with bacteriostatic effect of 20 mg/mL and a MIC of 20 mg/mL for ATCC 13932. Regarding the antibiofilm activity, o EOO showed the best results with an inhibition of 90% in the sessile growth with an applied concentration of 4.0 mg/mL.
Resumo O óleo essencial (EO) das folhas de Campomanesia aurea foi analisado por CG-EM. O A planta foi coletada em abril (OEA) e outubro (OEO) em São Francisco de Assis/RS. Os óleos essenciais foram obtidos por hidrodestilação em aparelho Clevenger modificado. Os rendimentos foram de 4,44% em abril e 6,15% em outubro. Trinta e um compostos foram identificados no EOA, representando 96,87% do total, e vinte e oito compostos foram identificados no EOO, representando 99,46% do total. Para EOA, o principal monoterpeno identificado foi o p-cimeno (8,33%) e o principal sesquiterpeno identificado foi o α-candinol (10,72%), enquanto o EOO o maior monoterpeno identificado foi repetidamente Terpinolene (3,43%), enquanto o sesquiterpeno principal identificado foi α-cadinol (12,79%). A atividade antibacteriana do óleo essencial foi avaliada contra as três cepas de Listeria monocytogenes obtidas a partir da American Type Culture Collection (isolados ATCC 7644, 19114 and 13932). O óleo essencial apresentou uma CIM de 10 mg/mL contra as cepas ATCC 7644. e 19114, com efeito bacteriostático de 20 mg/mL e MIC de 20 mg/mL para ATCC 13932. Quanto à atividade antibiofilme, o EOO apresentou os melhores resultados com uma inibição de 90% no crescimento séssil com uma concentração aplicada de 4,0 mg/mL.
Asunto(s)
Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Listeria monocytogenes , Antiinfecciosos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Hojas de la PlantaRESUMEN
The essential oil (EO) composition of leaves of Campomanesia aurea was analyzed by GC-MS. The plant was collected in April (EOA) and October (EOO) in São Francisco de Assis/RS. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation in a modified Clevenger apparatus. The yields were 4.44% in April, and 6.15%, in October. Thirty-one compounds were identified in EOA, accounting for 96.87% of the total, and twenty-eight compounds were identified in EOO, accounting for 99.46% of the total. For EOA, the major identified monoterpene was p-cymene (8.33%) and the major identified sesquiterpene was α-cadinol (10.72%), while regarding EOO the major identified monoterpene was repeatedly Terpinolene (3.43%), whereas the major identified sesquiterpene was α-cadinol (12.79%). The antibacterial activity of the essential oil was evaluated against the three Listeria monocytogenes from the American Type Culture Collection (strains ATCC 7644, 19114 and 13932). The essential oil showed a MIC of 10 mg/mL against the strains ATCC 7644 and 19114, with bacteriostatic effect of 20 mg/mL and a MIC of 20 mg/mL for ATCC 13932. Regarding the antibiofilm activity, o EOO showed the best results with an inhibition of 90% in the sessile growth with an applied concentration of 4.0 mg/mL.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos , Listeria monocytogenes , Aceites Volátiles , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Hojas de la PlantaRESUMEN
Abstract The essential oil (EO) composition of leaves of Campomanesia aurea was analyzed by GC-MS. The plant was collected in April (EOA) and October (EOO) in São Francisco de Assis/RS. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation in a modified Clevenger apparatus. The yields were 4.44% in April, and 6.15%, in October. Thirty-one compounds were identified in EOA, accounting for 96.87% of the total, and twenty-eight compounds were identified in EOO, accounting for 99.46% of the total. For EOA, the major identified monoterpene was p-cymene (8.33%) and the major identified sesquiterpene was -cadinol (10.72%), while regarding EOO the major identified monoterpene was repeatedly Terpinolene (3.43%), whereas the major identified sesquiterpene was -cadinol (12.79%). The antibacterial activity of the essential oil was evaluated against the three Listeria monocytogenes from the American Type Culture Collection (strains ATCC 7644, 19114 and 13932). The essential oil showed a MIC of 10 mg/mL against the strains ATCC 7644 and 19114, with bacteriostatic effect of 20 mg/mL and a MIC of 20 mg/mL for ATCC 13932. Regarding the antibiofilm activity, o EOO showed the best results with an inhibition of 90% in the sessile growth with an applied concentration of 4.0 mg/mL.
Resumo O óleo essencial (EO) das folhas de Campomanesia aurea foi analisado por CG-EM. O A planta foi coletada em abril (OEA) e outubro (OEO) em São Francisco de Assis/RS. Os óleos essenciais foram obtidos por hidrodestilação em aparelho Clevenger modificado. Os rendimentos foram de 4,44% em abril e 6,15% em outubro. Trinta e um compostos foram identificados no EOA, representando 96,87% do total, e vinte e oito compostos foram identificados no EOO, representando 99,46% do total. Para EOA, o principal monoterpeno identificado foi o p-cimeno (8,33%) e o principal sesquiterpeno identificado foi o -candinol (10,72%), enquanto o EOO o maior monoterpeno identificado foi repetidamente Terpinolene (3,43%), enquanto o sesquiterpeno principal identificado foi -cadinol (12,79%). A atividade antibacteriana do óleo essencial foi avaliada contra as três cepas de Listeria monocytogenes obtidas a partir da American Type Culture Collection (isolados ATCC 7644, 19114 and 13932). O óleo essencial apresentou uma CIM de 10 mg/mL contra as cepas ATCC 7644. e 19114, com efeito bacteriostático de 20 mg/mL e MIC de 20 mg/mL para ATCC 13932. Quanto à atividade antibiofilme, o EOO apresentou os melhores resultados com uma inibição de 90% no crescimento séssil com uma concentração aplicada de 4,0 mg/mL.
RESUMEN
Abstract The essential oil (EO) composition of leaves of Campomanesia aurea was analyzed by GC-MS. The plant was collected in April (EOA) and October (EOO) in São Francisco de Assis/RS. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation in a modified Clevenger apparatus. The yields were 4.44% in April, and 6.15%, in October. Thirty-one compounds were identified in EOA, accounting for 96.87% of the total, and twenty-eight compounds were identified in EOO, accounting for 99.46% of the total. For EOA, the major identified monoterpene was p-cymene (8.33%) and the major identified sesquiterpene was -cadinol (10.72%), while regarding EOO the major identified monoterpene was repeatedly Terpinolene (3.43%), whereas the major identified sesquiterpene was -cadinol (12.79%). The antibacterial activity of the essential oil was evaluated against the three Listeria monocytogenes from the American Type Culture Collection (strains ATCC 7644, 19114 and 13932). The essential oil showed a MIC of 10 mg/mL against the strains ATCC 7644 and 19114, with bacteriostatic effect of 20 mg/mL and a MIC of 20 mg/mL for ATCC 13932. Regarding the antibiofilm activity, o EOO showed the best results with an inhibition of 90% in the sessile growth with an applied concentration of 4.0 mg/mL.
Resumo O óleo essencial (EO) das folhas de Campomanesia aurea foi analisado por CG-EM. O A planta foi coletada em abril (OEA) e outubro (OEO) em São Francisco de Assis/RS. Os óleos essenciais foram obtidos por hidrodestilação em aparelho Clevenger modificado. Os rendimentos foram de 4,44% em abril e 6,15% em outubro. Trinta e um compostos foram identificados no EOA, representando 96,87% do total, e vinte e oito compostos foram identificados no EOO, representando 99,46% do total. Para EOA, o principal monoterpeno identificado foi o p-cimeno (8,33%) e o principal sesquiterpeno identificado foi o -candinol (10,72%), enquanto o EOO o maior monoterpeno identificado foi repetidamente Terpinolene (3,43%), enquanto o sesquiterpeno principal identificado foi -cadinol (12,79%). A atividade antibacteriana do óleo essencial foi avaliada contra as três cepas de Listeria monocytogenes obtidas a partir da American Type Culture Collection (isolados ATCC 7644, 19114 and 13932). O óleo essencial apresentou uma CIM de 10 mg/mL contra as cepas ATCC 7644. e 19114, com efeito bacteriostático de 20 mg/mL e MIC de 20 mg/mL para ATCC 13932. Quanto à atividade antibiofilme, o EOO apresentou os melhores resultados com uma inibição de 90% no crescimento séssil com uma concentração aplicada de 4,0 mg/mL.
RESUMEN
RESUMO As doenças transmitidas por alimentos ocorrem principalmente devido à ingestão de alimentos contaminados por microrganismos patogênicos, dentre eles a Escherichia coli e Listeria monocytogenes. Uma das alternativas estudadas para minimizar a contaminação de alimentos é o emprego de plantas, ou seus extratos, como agentes antimicrobianos de origem natural em produtos alimentícios. Desta forma o objetivo do presente estudo é fornecer dados científicos a respeito de duas plantas nativas do RS ainda não estudadas, Eugenia anomala e Psidium salutare, visando potencial emprego como agente antimicrobiano natural em alimentos. Para tanto, avaliou-se a atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de E. anomala e P. salutare contra E. coli e L. monocytogenes através da determinação da concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) pelo método de microdiluição em caldo, a capacidade antioxidante dos extratos por meio do método de redução do radical DPPH e a citotoxicidade in vitro empregando células CHO-K1. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os extratos de acetato de etila e etanólico de ambas as espécies possuem ação antioxidante muito alta, de 94,08% e 93,86%, respectivamente. Apenas o extrato hexânico de P. salutare apresentou ação antimicrobiana moderada (CIM = 312,5 µg/mL). Todos os extratos apresentaram ação citotóxica sendo que os maiores percentuais foram do extrato clorofórmico de E. anomala (77,05%) e hexânico de P. salutare (76,79%), na concentração de 100 µg/mL. Assim, o presente estudo demonstrou que as espécies vegetais estudadas apresentam potencial para emprego como agente antimicrobiano destes microrganismos.
ABSTRACT The foodborne diseases occur mainly due to the ingestion of food contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms, including Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. One of the alternatives studied to minimize contamination of food is the use of plants or their extracts as antimicrobial agents naturally occurring in food products. The objective of this study is to provide scientific data on two native plants of RS have not studied Eugenia anomala and Psidium salutare for a potential use as a natural antimicrobial agent in food. To this end, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of extracts of E. anomala and P. salutare against E. coli and L. monocytogenes by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by the broth microdilution method, the antioxidant capacity of the extract for means DPPH radical reduction method and in vitro cytotoxicity using CHO-K1 cells. The results showed that the ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts of both species have very high antioxidant activity, of 94.08% and 93.86%, respectively. Only the hexane extract of P. salutare showed a moderate antimicrobial activity (MIC = 312.5 mg/mL). Moreover, all extracts showed cytotoxic action of which the highest percentages were the chloroform extract of E. anomala (77.05%) and hexane P. salutare (76.79%) at a concentration of 100 mg/mL. Thus, the present study showed that plant species have potential for use as an antimicrobial agent against these microorganisms.
Asunto(s)
Psidium/clasificación , Escherichia coli/clasificación , /métodos , Eugenia/clasificación , Listeria monocytogenes/clasificación , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Antioxidantes/análisisRESUMEN
Acanthamoeba is a free-living protozoan widely distributed in the environment, occurring in vegetative trophozoite and resistance cyst stages during its life cycle. It constitutes an etiological agent of Acanthamoeba keratitis, a disease that may cause severe ocular inflammation and blindness. New drugs can be developed from molecules found in plants and thus help in its difficult treatment. Acanthospermum australe (Asteraceae), a plant used in folk medicine, had its effect tested on Acanthamoeba polyphaga. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of A. austral were obtained from aerial parts for infusion and static maceration, respectively. Concentrations of 10, 5, 2.5, 1.25 and 0.625 mg/ml of the extract were tested against Acanthamoeba polyphaga trophozoites. The cytotoxic effect of the extracts was tested in mammalian cells using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. RESULTS: The 10 mg/ml concentration of ethanolic extract was lethal to 100% of the A. polyphaga trophozoites in 24 h and both extracts presented cytotoxic effect against mammalian cells. These findings suggest that the A. austral ethanolic extract may have compounds with relevance to the development of new amoebicidal drugs.
Acanthamoeba é um protozoário de vida livre amplamente distribuído no ambiente, ocorrendo sob a forma trofozoítica (metabolicamente ativa) e cística (de resistência), durante seu ciclo de vida. O protozoário constitui um agente etiológico da Ceratite Amebiana, uma doença que pode causar inflamação ocular severa e cegueira. Novos fármacos podem ser desenvolvidos a partir de moléculas encontradas em plantas e assim ajudar em seu difícil tratamento. Aqui, Acanthospermum australe (Asteraceae), uma planta utilizada na medicina popular, teve seu efeito sobre trofozoítos de Acanthamoeba polyphaga testado. O extrato aquoso e etanólico de A. australe foram obtidos das partes aéreas por infusão e maceração estática, respectivamente. As concentrações 10, 5, 2,5, 1,25 e 0,625 mg/ml dos extratos foram testadas contra trofozoítos do protozoário. O efeito citotóxico dos extratos foi testado em células de mamífero utilizando o ensaio de brometo de 3-[4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il]-2,5-difeniltetrazólio (MTT). A concentração de 10 mg/ml do extrato etanólico foi letal a 100% dos trofozoítos de A. polyphaga em 24 h e ambos os extratos apresentaram efeito citotóxico contra as células de mamífero. Estes resultados sugerem que o extrato etanólico de A. australe pode ter componentes com relevância para o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos amebicidas.
Asunto(s)
Xanthium/efectos adversos , Mimiviridae/clasificación , Componentes Aéreos de las Plantas , Amebicidas/análisisRESUMEN
A new abietane diterpene, the 19-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside of 16-hydroxylambertic acid was isolated from the leaves of Quillaja brasiliensis together with a known prosapogenin (3-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-quillaic acid), quercetin, and rutin. The new compound was identified by chemical and spectroscopic methods.