RESUMEN
Adenoid hypertrophy is a common problem of childhood. The peak occurrence of adenoid hypertrophy correlates with the onset of serous otitis media. The aim of the study was to evaluate the lymphocyte subpopulations in the adenoids of children with serous otitis media. The adenoids obtained from 65 children at the age of 1 to 17 years were examined. Two groups were studied: 1) children with persistent effusion in the middle ear, 2) children with adenoid hypertrophy without a history of otitis media. The percentage of the lymphocytes B in the adenoids was similar in both groups. However, the percentage of lymphocytes T (p < 0.04), and CD4+ (p < 0.005) was significantly lower in adenoids of children with serous otitis media. The percentage of lymphocytes T HLA-DR+ was slightly higher in this group, but the percentage of lymphocytes T CD25+ was the same in both groups. The quantitative differences in the lymphocyte subpopulations of adenoids may be the predisposing factor in serous otitis media.
Asunto(s)
Tonsila Faríngea/inmunología , Linfocitos B/inmunología , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Tonsila Faríngea/patología , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Citometría de Flujo/métodos , Humanos , Hipertrofia/patología , Lactante , Masculino , Otitis Media con Derrame/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Adenoid hypertophy is a common feature of childhood. It is currently accepted that it is caused by the antigen-stimulated increased activity of lymphocyte B (D. Bani, O. Gallo, O. Fini-Storchi, Intraepithelial lymphocyte subpopulations and dendritic accessory cells in normal and hypertrophic adenoids, Laryngoscope 10 (1994) 869-873). The adenoid decreases its size with age but the accompanying function alterations are not fully understood (L. Zawadzka-Glos, M. Chmielik, M. Wasik, Cell mediated response in hypertrophied tonsils in children, Nowa Pediatr. 4 (1997) 12-13). The understanding of the adenoid structure that undergoes some changes during the growth period is essential for evaluation of indications for adnoidectomy and assessment of its potential results. The aim of this study was to evaluate lymphocyte subpopulations in adenoid according to age. The analysed material was adenoids removed on the grounds of hypertrophy, which caused obstructive symptoms and/or otitis media with effusion onset. In the present study, we did not find any statistically significant differences among lymphocytes B, Th, and Ts subpopulations, respectively, in the adenoids of any of the age groups. We have found a statistically significant CD3(+) HLA-DR(+) cell percentage decrease in the group of children from 5 to 10 and above 10 years of age, respectively. We have also found a statistically significant increase in the percentage of NK (CD3(-) CD16(+) 56(+)) lymphocytes in relation to age. On the grounds of the current study, it may be stated that some changes in lymphocyte subpopulations in the adenoid take place with age.
Asunto(s)
Tonsila Faríngea/inmunología , Tonsila Faríngea/patología , Antígenos CD/inmunología , Linfocitos B/inmunología , Antígenos HLA-DR/inmunología , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Niño , Preescolar , Citometría de Flujo/métodos , Humanos , Hipertrofia/inmunología , Hipertrofia/patología , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Recuento de Linfocitos , Otitis Media con Derrame/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Platelet counts and their morphologic parameters in patients with Lyme borreliosis before and after antibiotic therapy (4 weeks of treatment) were estimated. 30 patients aged 17-60, x = 41 were evaluated: 7 with Erythema migrans, 3 patients with neuroborreliosis in the from Lymphocytic meningitis and 20 ones with Lyme arthritis. Control group consisted of 19 healthy persons aged 34-52, x = 43. Hematologic analyser Coulter MAXM was used for testing PLT, MPV, PCT and PDW. The results indicated that patients with Lyme boreliosis have decreasing platelet count with simultaneously increasing their volume in comparison with healthy control. It may result from the involement of platelets in defense mechanisms of infected host. The decrease of platelet count after the antibiotic treatment in comparison with the control group may be the reflection of influence of antibiotic treatment on thrombopoesis.
Asunto(s)
Artritis Infecciosa/sangre , Artritis Infecciosa/microbiología , Plaquetas/patología , Eritema Crónico Migrans/sangre , Enfermedad de Lyme/sangre , Neuroborreliosis de Lyme/sangre , Adolescente , Adulto , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Borrelia burgdorferi , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recuento de Plaquetas , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Observation of percentages changes of lymphocytes (CD19), T(CD3), subsets CD4, CD8, NK cells, activated lymphocytes with fenotype CD3+HLA-DR, CD4/CD8 rate in Lyme borreliosis was carried out before (I examination) and after antibioticotherapy (II examination). 30 patients in aged 17-60 (x = 41) with recognition of erythema migrans(EM), Lyme arthritis(LA) and neuroborreliosis(NB) were examined. Epidemiological, clinical diagnosis was confirm by the presence of antibodies in ELISA test. Lymphocytes and their subsets, NK cells were signed and measured by flow cytometric immunophenotyping in Coulter EPIX XL with Becton-Dickinson antibodies twice: before and after treatment. Ampicillin, ceftriaxon or cefotaxim was applied during 4 weeks. AnStat program was used in statistic analysis. Value CD3 (x = 72.54) in I test was higher than control (x = 69.3), but CD19 (x = 13.2) was lower than control (x = 12.9). In II examination we stated CD19 (x = 9.48) progressive significant decreased in comparison to I examination. Percentage CD4 in II examination (x = 42) was lower than control (x = 45.8). Subset of CD8 had lower value in I examination (x = 28.03), as in II (x = 30.72) in comparison with control (x = 34.2). We showed lower CD4/CD8 (x = 1.40) rate after treatment than control (x = 2.67). We showed lower percentage NK cells after treatment (x = 13.5) than control. We also found lower percentage activated subsets T cells with phenotype CD3+HLA-DR before (x = 4.78) and after treatment (x = 4.03) compared with control (x = 7.27). No statistical changes in subsets with receptor for IL-2 before and after treatment was shown. In the course of active infection B.burgdorferi essential changes in lymphocytes subsets are observed. Decreased percentages of CD4, CD8, NK and CD3+HLA-DR+ in whole blood indicate their important role in immunopathogenesis of Lyme borreliosis. Lack of normalization of investigated parameters after treatment can be caused by inertion of elements immunologic system, as well as too short antibioticotherapies.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Lyme/inmunología , Subgrupos de Linfocitos T/inmunología , Adolescente , Adulto , Ampicilina/uso terapéutico , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/inmunología , Especificidad de Anticuerpos/inmunología , Cefotaxima/uso terapéutico , Ceftriaxona/uso terapéutico , Cefalosporinas/uso terapéutico , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Femenino , Citometría de Flujo , Humanos , Enfermedad de Lyme/tratamiento farmacológico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Penicilinas/uso terapéutico , Fenotipo , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The adenoid is part of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and is organized in distinct compartments. The lymphoid follicles and the interfollicular zone are areas of B lymphocytes and of T lymphocytes, respectively. The adenoid may thus function both as an immunologic inductive and effector organ.